naSwati Thiyagarajan
“Inyika yedu. Ndisu vatariri. ” zvakatorwa naFelix Shanungu, Mutungamiri weZambia National Community Resources Board (ZNCRB).
Iwo maCommunity Resources Boards (CRB) muZambia akaburitsa gwaro repepanhau achiratidza kushushikana kwavo pamusoro pekuti nharaunda hadzina kupihwa mugove wavo wemari yemvumo kana mari yekuvhima.
Vakabvisa masiginecha avo kumvumo yese yekuvhima munzvimbo dzavari uye vakaramba kusaina chero vamwe. Izvi zvinomisa chero kuvhima mukombe mune ramangwana kunze kwekunge hurumende yauya patafura nemari mumaoko.
Sekureva kwaFelix Shanungo, nharaunda hadzina kuwana mari yemvumo kubvira 2016 uye hapana mari yekuvhima kubva gore rapfuura. Nemutemo, nharaunda dzine kodzero ye20% yemari yemvumo uye 50% yemari yekuvhima. Iwo madzishe anomhanyisa nharaunda anokweretwa chikamu che5% yezvose zviri zviviri.
Nhau idzi dzinotevera kumiswa kwekupokana kwekuvhima chiuru chiuru chiuru muZambia kutanga kwegore rino.
Nepo kuburitswa kwenhau kuchitaura kuti vachamisa kuvhima kwese kuenda kumberi, VaShanungo vakaraira kuti kuvhima kuri kutoitwa kuchabvumidzwa kupedzwa asi kuti hutsva hwese humiswe. CRB yanga ichikurukura nemakambani ekuvhima achivayambira nezve izvi uye kuti vawane kumanikidza hurumende yeZambia. Akawedzera kuti nharaunda hadzisi kuda kuranga makambani ekuvhima akabhadhara asi vanoda kumanikidzwa kuti hurumende iite chiito.
Vakati hazvingagone kuti nharaunda dzigare dzichitenderera dzichidzivirira kubva mukuvhima sezvo vanhu vanga vasina kupihwa mihoro yavo mumwedzi.
Nharaunda dzine zvikumbiro zviviri: Kubvumira vanoita zvekuvhima kubhadhara maCRB mugove wavo zvakananga uye kuti mari yemvumo inofanira kutaurirwazve kune chikamu chepamusoro.
Zvipfeko zvakasiyana siyana zvekuvhima zvinoti kuvhima mukombe kunounza US $ 200 miriyoni muupfumi hweSub-Sahara muAfrica. Iyi nhamba yakaburitswa mumagazini yezvidzidzo Biological Conservation uye inowanzo shandiswa kudzivirira kuvhima, chikumbiro chakakwikwidzwa zvakanyanya nevanochengetedza avo vanopikisa kuti isingasviki 3% yemari yekuvhima inoenda kunharaunda. Bepa rimwe chete iri rakati nhamba iyi yakaunganidzwa nevavhimi 18,500 33.8. Mukuenzanisa, mushumo weWorld Bank wakafungidzira kuti vanhu vanosvika mamirioni makumi matatu nematatu vanoshanyira dunhu (kunyanya kushanya kwemhuka dzesango) uye vanopa US $ 36 bhiriyoni. Vazhinji vashanyi vanouya kuzoshanyira mhuka dzesango havazive kuti kuvhima kunotenderwa munyika idzi; zvinofungidzirwa kuti mukurumbira weAfrica uchatambura kana chokwadi ichi chaizivikanwa zvakanyanya.
Idzo nzvimbo dzemhuka dzesango muZambia dzakakamurwa kuva maNational Parks (uko kusina kuvhima kunotenderwa) nenzvimbo dzemitambo (GMA) dzinoshanda senzvimbo pakati pemapaki, mapurazi nenzvimbo dzekuvhima dzakazvimirira. Pamutemo, panofanirwa kuve nekugovana mari kubva mukuvhima uye kubhadharisa nharaunda munharaunda dzeGMAs - izvi zvinodaidzwa kuti Nharaunda Yakavakirwa Zviwanikwa Management (CBNRM). Kuitira kuona kuti mari yaunzwa uye ichengetedzwa, maCRB mazhinji akagadzirwa.
Nekuwedzera kunetsekana pamusoro pekudonha kwehupenyu panguva yekutsakatika kwemazana echitanhatu, ingori nyaya yenguva pasati pasimba kumanikidza kwepasirese kunovhima vese pamwechete. Zvinoita kunge zvirinani kune nyika dziri kubvunzwa kuti dzione yavo yekumisa nzira. Izvi zvichavatendera kuti vatarise kunharaunda inoenderana neeco-Tourism uko mari inogona kuenda yakanangana nenharaunda, uye kuwedzera chikamu chekushanya zvichienderana nekubvumira kuurawa kwehumwe hupfumi hunoshamisa hwatinahwo papasi rino.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- This will allow them to focus on community based eco-tourism where revenue can go directly to communities, and to expand the tourism sector versus allowing the killing of some of the most spectacular treasures we have on this planet.
- The wildlife areas in Zambia are divided into the National Parks (where no hunting is allowed) and game management areas (GMA) which act as a buffer between the parks, farmlands and private hunting reserves.
- The CRB has been in talks with the hunting companies to warn them about this and to get them to put pressure on the Zambian government.
