Migwagwa haina chinhu, matenga akanyarara uye munzvimbo dzakawanda, mhepo yakachena kupfuura zvayave yakaita mumakore. Matanho ekuvhara nekuda kweCCIDID-19 kutenderera pasirese kusvika parizvino ave nekukanganisa kukuru kusvibiswa kwemhepo.
MuUnited States, NASA yakanyora kuderera kwemakumi matatu muzana mukusvibiswa kwemhepo pamusoro pemhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwaKurume 30, mukuenzanisa neavhareji yaKurume kubva 2020 kusvika 2015.
Mufananidzo weUS pakati pa2015 na2019; mufananidzo uri kurudyi unoratidza mwero wekusvibiswa muna Kurume 2020. (GSFC/NASA)
n Europe, chinjo dzinotoshamisa dzakashumwa. Ichishandisa European Space Agency's Copernicus network yemasatelliti, masayendisiti kubva kuRoyal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) akawana kuti nitrogen dioxide yakadzikira ne45% muMadrid, Milan neRome, kana ichienzaniswa neavhareji yaKurume-Kubvumbi yegore rapfuura. Zvichakadaro Paris yakaona kudonha kwe54% mumazinga ekusvibiswa panguva imwe chete.
Uchishandisa data kubva kuCopernicus Sentinel-5P satellite, mifananidzo iyi inoratidza avhareji yenitrogen dioxide kubva munaKurume 13 kusvika Kubvumbi 13, 2020, zvichienzaniswa neavhareji yaKurume-Kubvumbi kubva muna 2019. kusava nechokwadi kunosvika 15% nekuda kwekusiyana kwemamiriro ekunze pakati pa2019 na2020. (KNMI/ESA)
Kunyangwe iyo coronavirus pasina mubvunzo yakave nemhedzisiro yakanaka pamhando yemhepo, vamwe vanotenda kuti iko iko kudzidza kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uko kuchawana mabhenefiti makuru kubva kudenda mukufamba kwenguva.
Sekureva kwaProfessor Ori Adam, nyanzvi yekuongorora mamiriro ekunze paHebrew University of Jerusalem's Institute of Earth Science, kuvharika pasi rose kuchabatsira masayendisiti kuburitsa chokwadi chekukanganisa kunoita vanhu panyika.
"Uyu mukana wakasarudzika wekupindura mumwe wemibvunzo yekukurumidzira unoti: Basa redu nderei mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze?" Adam akaudza The Media Line. "Tinogona kuwana mhinduro dzakakosha kubva pane izvozvo uye kana tikadaro, zvinogona kuita kuti shanduko ishanduke."
Adamu akadana kupararira kweCCIDID-19 pakufamba kwevanhu uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri "yedzo yakasarudzika yatisina kukwanisa kuita mumakumi mashoma apfuura." Vatsvagiri vachakwanisa kuyera nemazvo kubatana pakati peaerosols akagadzirwa nevanhu uye CO2 emissions pakudziya kwepasi uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze mumwedzi mishoma inotevera.
“Kune rumwe rutivi, tinosvibisa nokuisa magasi egreenhouse mumhepo yakapoteredza pasi, asi tinosvibisawo mhepo yakapoteredza pasi netunhu tuduku uhu [maaerosols] uye anotoita kuti pave nekuenzanisa,” akatsanangura kudaro. “Vamwe vanhu vari kufungidzira kuti nekuda kwekuderera kwetsvina iyi, tichamisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze asi hazvisi pachena kuti ndizvo zvichave zvakadaro. …
Aerosol iguruva uye zvimedu zvinokonzerwa nemafuta ezvicherwa uye mamwe mabasa evanhu. Ivo vanotendwa kuti vanodzikisa huwandu hwemwaranzi yezuva inosvika pamusoro pePasi, nekudaro kugadzira kutonhora. Inozivikanwa sepasi rose dimming, chiitiko ichi inzvimbo inoshanda yekutsvagisa yezvemamiriro ekunze masayendisiti.
"Hatizive kuti mambure anoita maaerosols chii," Adam akasimbisa. "Kana tangonzwisisa kuti tichakwanisa kuderedza kusava nechokwadi kwekufanotaura kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze zvakanyanya."
Musainzi yemamiriro ekunze, akadaro, pane kudhonzana pakati penzira dzakasiyana siyana dzinokwikwidza - izvo zvese zvine chekuita nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze sese. Asi nekuti mibvunzo mikuru mizhinji inoramba isina kupindurwa, kugona kwevaongorori kukanganisa vanogadzira mitemo nevezvematongerwo enyika kwakakanganiswa.
“Zviri pachena kuti vanhu vanoita basa guru [mukuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze],” akadaro Adam. “Dambudziko nderekuti isu hatigone kuisa nhamba pairi uye bhari rekukanganisa rakakura chaizvo. Kune zvimwe zvinopesvedzera, semuenzaniso, kushanduka kwechisikigo, [kunova] kunoreva tembiricha yepasirese iyo ichachinja kunyangwe tikasaburitsa chero chinhu mumhepo.
Zvakadaro, Adamu anotenda kuti nepo masayendisiti haasati ave nedata rakakwana rekuongorora basa chairo rinoitwa nevanhu mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, COVID-19 inogona kuchinja zvese izvo.
"Zvichida coronavirus ichatipa [mukana] wakasarudzika wekutibatsira kumanikidza kunzwisisa kwedu mabatiro atinoita mamiriro ekunze," akadaro, achiwedzera kuti anotendawo kuti denda richakurudzira nyika zhinji kuti dzisiye oiri uye kukurumidza kuchenesa. manyuko esimba semhepo uye simba rezuva.
Muchokwadi, zvinoita sekunge kusvibiswa kunoitwa nevanhu ndiko kunokonzeresa kufa kwedzimwe dzakabatanidzwa nekoronavirus.
Ongororo yeHarvard yakaburitswa kutanga kwemwedzi uno yakaratidza kuti vanhu vakatapukirwa neCCIDID-19 vanogona kufa nehutachiona kana vachigara munzvimbo dzine kusvibiswa kwemhepo. Yakagadzirwa neHarvard T.H. Chan Chikoro chePublic Health, vaongorori vakaongorora dhata kubva kumatunhu zviuru zvitatu nemazana masere muUS uye vakaenzanisa mazinga ePM3,080 (kana kuti nyaya dzakagadzirwa nekupiswa kwemafuta efossil) nehuwandu hwekufa kwekoronavirus munzvimbo yega yega.
Chidzidzo ichi chakawana kuti avo vaive nekuratidzwa kwakanyanya kwePM2.5 kwenguva yakareba vaive panjodzi huru yekufa nehutachiona hutsva pamusoro peavo vanogara munzvimbo dzine kushomeka kwerudzi urwu.
"Takaona kuti vanhu vanogara mumatunhu muUnited States vakawana kusvibiswa kwemweya kwakanyanya mumakore gumi nemashanu-makumi maviri apfuura vane huwandu hwekufa kweCCIDID-15, mushure mekuverenga mutsauko wehuwandu hwevanhu," Dr. Francesca Dominici. , munyori mukuru wekudzidza, akaudza The Media Line mune email. "Kuwedzera uku kunokonzeresa kugadziridzwa kwemaitiro edunhu."
Dominici akati kana hupfumi hwatangazve huwandu hwekusvibiswa kwemweya huchakurumidza kudzoka kune pre-denda.
"Kufumurwa nekusvibiswa kwemhepo kunokanganisa nhengo dzakafanana (mapapu nemoyo) dzinorwiswa neCCIDID-19," akatsanangura kudaro, achiwedzera kuti haana kushamisika nemhedzisiro.
Kuedza kweItaly kudzikamisa kupararira kwechirwere chekoronavirus kwakonzera kudzikira kwekufamba kwezvikepe munzira dzemvura dzeVenice - sekubatwa neCopernicus Sentinel-2 mishoni. Iyi mifananidzo inoratidza imwe yemhedzisiro yeguta rakavharika reVenice, kuchamhembe kweItari. Mufananidzo wepamusoro, wakatorwa muna Kubvumbi 13, 2020, unoratidza kushomeka kwakasiyana kwekufamba kwechikepe zvichienzaniswa nemufananidzo kubva Kubvumbi 19, 2019. (ESA)
Vamwe vakabvuma kuti mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza ekudzikisira kusvibiswa kwemhepo akanyorwa munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi - asi achigamuchirwa - angave enguva pfupi.
"Nekukurumidza sezvazvakaitika, zvichakurumidza kudzokera kune zvazvaive," David Lehrer, director director weArava Institute for Environmental Studies, akaudza The Media Line. "Asi zvatakaratidza ndezvekuti nekuita kwakasimba, tinogona kukanganisa magasi egreenhouse mumhepo. Takamanikidzwa kuzviita nedenda iri asi kune dzimwe nzira dzekudzikisa mafuta, izvo zvisingaite kuti nyika yese ivharwe. ”
Sangano reArava Institute for Environmental Studies, riri paKibbutz Ketura kumaodzanyemba kweIsrael pedyo nemuganhu weJordanian, richange richipa hurukuro pfupi yepamhepo pamusoro pezvakaita nharaunda yekoronavirus Chitatu chiri kuuya sechikamu chemhemberero dzepasi rose dzeEarth Day.
"Takaona mhepo yakachena munzvimbo dzakaita seHaifa uko kune indasitiri yakawanda, uye muTel Aviv," akadaro Lehrer. “Zvidzidzo zvinokosha pane zvose izvi ndezvokuti, Nha. Chechipiri, zviri pachena kuti isu vanhu tinokwanisa kukanganisa mamiriro ezvinhu. ... Tichine nguva yekuita chimwe chinhu kana tikaita zvine hungwaru uye zvakanyanya kukosha kana tikaita senharaunda yepasi rose.
Lehrer akasimbisa kuti shanduko yezvakatipoteredza yakaonekwa mumavhiki apfuura inoratidza kuti vanhu pamwe chete vanofanirwa kufamba zvishoma, kushanda kubva kumba pese pazvinogoneka uye kusanyanya kukoshesa vatengi.
"Tinofanirwa kudzoka kune zvakajairika, asi [inofanirwa] kuve yakajairika inoziva kukosha kwekuzvidzivirira kubva kudenda remangwana uye panguva imwechete tichifunga nezve kutyisidzira kwepakati-kati kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze," akapedzisa.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- Kunyangwe iyo coronavirus pasina mubvunzo yakave nemhedzisiro yakanaka pamhando yemhepo, vamwe vanotenda kuti iko iko kudzidza kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uko kuchawana mabhenefiti makuru kubva kudenda mukufamba kwenguva.
- Ori Adam, an expert on climate research at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Institute of Earth Science, lockdowns across the world will help scientists reveal the true extent of humanity's impact on the planet.
- In climate science, he said, there is a tug-of-war between many different competing mechanisms – which all have an effect on climate change as a whole.
