South Africa: COVID-19 kukanganisa kwehupfumi pamabhizimusi ekugara enzvimbo yekushanya

The Covid-19 denda uye kukiya nyika kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya iyo South African indasitiri yekugara pekugara. Nekuda kweizvozvo mhedzisiro, mazhinji mabhizinesi madiki akaparadzwa nedambudziko rezvemari izvozvi anomanikidzwa kutsvaga imwe nzira yekubatsira nemari. Nkuongororwa kwese kwese kwenzvimbo dzekugara kwakaitwa, kuona kuti denda iri rakakanganisa sei mashandiro avo emari nevashandi. Ongororo iyi yakaongorora kuti mangani emabhizimusi aya akanyorera nekugamuchira rubatsiro rwemari kubva kumabhangi kana mari yekubatsira, uye varidzi vemabhizinesi vanoona ramangwana reindasitiri yekushanya mudunhu ravo. Mipiro 4,488 yakagamuchirwa kubva kuvaridzi vemabhizinesi ekugara mune ino ongororo vanomiririra 7,262 enzvimbo dzekugara dzemunharaunda, zvichiita kuti ongororo iyi ive imwe yenzverwo huru dzerudzi rwayo.

Kuongorora iyo wreckage: Sei COVID-19 yakaunza South Africa iri kubudirira pekugara indasitiri yekumira kumisidzana

28% yevagari vemuSouth Africa vekugara vanogona kusapona dambudziko reCOVID-19. Denda re COVID-19 rakachinja zvakanyanya indasitiri yekuSouth Africa yekugara, ichisiya kusava nechokwadi, kunetsekana kwemari uye, muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuparara kwehupfumi mukumuka kwayo.

Mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti 56,5% ruzhinji rwemabhizinesi akanyanya kukanganiswa uye kuti mwedzi mishoma inotevera ichave kurwa. 27,6% yakaratidza mukana wakakura wekuti bhizinesi ravo harizopona, uye 3,9% yakati bhizinesi ravo raisazopona denda iri. Limpopo (37,5%), North West (37,8%), Mpumalanga (33,5%) uye Northern Cape (34,2%) dzakapa mukana wakanyanya wekukundikana kwebhizinesi. NeLimpopo neMpumalanga zvinowanzoonekwa semapurovhinzi ane mikana yekuona mitambo yemunyika nekukunze inotsvakwa, mikana iyi ingangokanganisa bhizimusi reSouth Africa, nekunetsekana kwehupfumi kwenguva pfupi. zvionekwe mumhedzisiro iyi.

Zvichienzaniswa 82,6% yevakabvunzwa vakataura kuti mabhizinesi avo aive akatsiga pamberi pe COVID-19, iyo 49,8% yakaratidza mari dzakadzikama zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura uye 32,8% yakaratidza kuti mabhizinesi avo aibudirira.
Kuti ujekese kujekesa kukura kwakaita dambudziko re COVID-19 padambudziko remangwana renzvimbo yekugara kusvika parizvino, varidzi vakakumbirwa kuti varatidze mitengo yavo yekukanzurisa dzimba dzekugara muna Chikumi / Chikunguru, Gunyana naKisimusi. mwaka. Kukanzura kwekubhuka kuri kuuya kwakanyorwa pa82% yemwaka waChikumi / Chikunguru, 61% yaGunyana uye 30% yemwaka weKisimusi nyika yese. Aya manhamba anoratidza kukanganisa kwakakurumidza kuitika pamari, nemhedzisiro inoshamisa ichiri kufanotaurwa kwechetatu chezvemari. Nhamba dzazvino dzaZvita dzinoratidza kugona kweichi chiitiko kuchitsigira mukota yechina.

Mumwe akapindura kubva kuRobertson muWestern Cape akataura kuti kunetsekana kwake kukuru, zvakadaro, kwakadzika midzi kupfuura chiyero chakanyanya chekudzima. “Nyaya iripano haizi pamusoro pehuwandu hwekukanzurwa kwemwedzi iri kuuya. "Ndezve kushomeka kwemabhuku matsva ari kuuya - kubva kuvashanyi vekunze kwenyika zero sezvo pasina maonero ezvekuti kurambidzwa kwekufamba kuchabviswa riini."

Mumwe akapindura kubva kunaClarens muFree State anoenderera mberi achisimbisa kuti kukanzura mitengo kunongoratidzira chete kukanganiswa kweupfumi nedenda nekukiya kwakakonzera. "Handina kumbobviswa kubva munaChikumi - Gunyana nekuti hapana kumbove nekubvunza kubva pakaziviswa kukiya. [sic] ”

Tichifunga nezvekushamisa kwakaita COVID-19 pamubhadharo, varidzi vakabvunzwawo kuti vaifanirwa here kuita kudzikisira muhoro kana kudzora basa semhedzisiro yedenda. 78,1% emabhizimusi ekugara ekushambadzira vanotaura vachimisikidza imwe nzira yekudzikiswa kwemubhadharo wenguva pfupi semhedzisiro ye COVID-19, iyo iyo 24,7% yakaratidza kudzikiswa kwemari yemihoro kwechinguva uye 31,8% vakashuma vashandi vavo vese pamubhadharo zero wenguva pfupi.
Chete 21,9% yevakabvunzwa vakataura kuti vashandi vavo havana kukanganiswa nedenda.

Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza zvakare kuti pa77,6%, vamiriri vehotera vakataura huwandu hwakanyanya hwekudzikiswa kwemihoro uye pa70,1%, vanomiririra 'marepoti vanouya mumasekondi mashoma. Nevamiriri vega-vega vanozivisa huwandu hwakaderera hwemabhizinesi ari kuita kudzikisira muhoro (54,6%), iyi data inoratidza kuti mazhinji emabhizimusi ekugara emabhizimusi munyika yose aifanira kudzikisa mari dzemubhadharo.

Mukupesana ne56,5% yevakabvunzwa avo vakashandisa kudzikiswa kwemari yemihoro kwenguva pfupi, 62% yevakabvunzwa vakati havana kusiya zvachose vashandi sechirevo chakananga che COVID-19. Kunyangwe zvichiratidzwa zvachose zvichiratidzwa muvashoma, 20,7% emabhizimusi vanoti vanofanirwa kudzinga zvachose vamwe vashandi semhedzisiro ye COVID-19, nepo 9,3% vaifanirwa kudzora pabasa zvakanyanya uye 8% vakasiya zvachose vashandi. KwaZulu-Natal vakapindura vakataura huwandu hwakakura hwevashandi vakadzingwa pa24,3%, zvichiratidza huwandu hwakakura kwazvo pamatunhu, nevekuNorth Cape vane vanhu vashoma vanotaura nezvekuderedzwa kwevashandi kwakakura.

Mukuongorora kuparara uko COVID-19 yasara mukumuka kwayo, mhedzisiro yeongororo inoratidza pachena mhedzisiro yemari pfupi-pfupi yemari yekufambisa pekugara indasitiri, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwemari kwese maererano nemari inowanikwa mubhizinesi uye zvinokanganisa mamiriro ezvehupfumi nehupfumi kuSouth Africa vashandi vekushanya.

Mhedzisiro iyi, zvisinei, haifungire kurasikirwa kumwechete kunoshamisa kwenguva refu kupfuura chikamu chechina chemari. Kunyangwe kusava nechokwadi kuchiratidzika sekungori kwega chokwadi chenguva yemberi iri pedyo, ruzhinji rwevakabvunzwa vakaratidza kuti vanotenda kuti vachaona zvakajairika zvekushanya nemwaka wegore rino weKisimusi, zvichiratidza tarisiro yakanaka nezveramangwana rekushanya kunyangwe paine matambudziko edu aripo.

Kutsvaga kwokupotera: Maindasitiri ekugara pekugara anoita sei nzira kuburikidza nematambudziko emari

57% yevaridzi vemo pekugara vakamanikidzwa kutsvaga rubatsiro rwemari nekuda kweiyo COVID-19 yekukiya matanho. Sekureva kweimwe yakaferefetwa nyika yose yerudzi rwayo, vazhinji vevaridzi vekugara havana imwe sarudzo kunze kwekunyorera rubatsiro rwemari kubva kumabhangi kana mari yekubatsira kudzivirira bhizinesi kukundikana, paine mukaha unooneka muhuwandu hwebudiriro pakati pemapurovhinzi uchinzi zvinouya pakushandisa zororo remari kubva kuCOBV-19 mari yekutsigira.

Varidzi vepokugara vanoti matanho mazhinji akatorwa kudzikisa huwandu hwehutachiona hweCOVID-19 hwave nemhedzisiro yakakura kumahombekombe enzvimbo yekugara, zvichitungamira kuzhinji kwekushanda mune ino indasitiri kumiswa kudzamara Alert Chikamu 1 che kukiya nyika. Ongororo iyi yakaitwa kuyera kubvumidzwa kwevaridzi vebhizimusi kuyera matanho ehurumende uye rubatsiro rwehurumende kumabhizinesi madiki, pamwe nekuona kuti mangani emabhizinesi aya akanyorera nekugamuchira rubatsiro rwemari kubva kumabhangi kana mari yekubatsira.

Pavakabvunzwa nezvekukumbira rubatsiro rwemari kubva kumabhangi, zvikamu makumi matatu nezvitatu kubva muzana zvevakapindura zvakaratidza kuti vakaita izvi zvikumbiro. Kunyorera kwakanyanya kwakaitwa kuNorth West neKwaZulu-Natal, ne34,8% yevakabvunzwa mumatunhu ese ari maviri vachiratidza kuti vakanyorera. Iyo yakaderera chiyero chekushandisa yakaonekwa muWestern Cape, iine 44% yevakapindura vachinyorera zvikumbiro. Pakasvika pakubudirira kwezvikumbiro izvi, epamusoro akanyorwa muFree State, ne26,6% yevakabvunzwa vachiratidza kubudirira nezvikumbiro zvavo. Uhu hwebudiriro hwakaderera zvakanyorwa muLimpopo pa30%. Yakazara nyika yese chikumbiro kubudirira kwehuwandu hwe14% yakanyorwa.

Mukaha mukuru unooneka pakati pemapurovhinzi ane dzakakwirira uye dzakaderera mitengo yehuwandu mukunyorera zororo remari kubva kuCOVID-19 mari yekutsigira yakanyorwa Pavakabvunzwa kuti vakanyorera here rubatsiro rwemari kubva pamari idzi, 50,1% yevakabvunzwa vakaratidza kuti vakanyorera, nevapindura veKwaZulu-Natal vanomiririra mafomu ezvemari ekuyamura akanyanya pa64,4%. Mhedzisiro ino shumisa kuti vovho vho pfi Limpopo vho reportedo reporteda vhu bveledzo zwine zwa vheya zwi bvisa kha 34,1%, ngaho zwi beingwe zwifhinga zwine zwa vha zwi tshi khou bveledza zwa bveledzi. Mapurovhinzi manomwe akataura nezvekubudirira pazasi pe10%, neEastern Cape ichiwana budiriro yakaderera pane 6,9%. Ne 14,1% chete yevanonyorera vanowana budiriro nezvikumbiro zvavo pasirese, pane mukaha muhombe unooneka pakati pemapurovhinzi ane akakwira uye akaderera mazinga ekubudirira.

Pavakabvunzwa kana vakapindura vachibvumirana nemaitiro ehurumende ekuvhara, huwandu hwe40,9% yevakabvunzwa vakaratidza kuti havabvumirane nezviyero izvi, ne28,3% zvichiratidza kuti havabvumirani nezviyero izvi uye 12,6% havabvumirani zvachose . Hwerengedzo ye37,4% vakapindura zvisinei vakaratidza kuti vanobvumirana nezviyero izvi, nepo 21,7% vakaramba vasina kwavakarerekera pachinhu ichi. Sezvineiwo, chiyero chepamusoro chekubvumidzwa kwezviyero chakanyorwa muWestern Cape, iyo parizvino inobata nhamba yepamusoro kana yakasimbiswa kesi dzeCOVID-19. Mapurovhinzi a dovha a theivhadza zwine zwine zwa vha zwone zwine zwa sumbedza zwa muvhuso ndi Northern Cape kha 52,7%, Limpopo kha 48,8%, Mpumalanga ndi 46,6% neNorth West ndi 45,6%. Mapurovhinzi mana aya anomhan'arira dzimwe dzenhamba dzepasi pasi dzakasimbiswa dzeCOVID-19 kesi muSouth Africa.

Vakapindura vakabvunzwa kuti vanonzwa sei nezvekuedza kwehurumende kubatsira mabhizimusi madiki panguva yedambudziko reCOVID-19, uko 79,2% yevakabvunzwa vakaratidza kuti hurumende haina kuita zvakakwana kubatsira mabhizimusi madiki, ne29,9% vachiratidza havana kugutsikana uye 49,3% havagutsikane nezvinoitwa nehurumende. Huvha hafhi ha vhu disappanzi ha vhathu vhane vho respondetshedzwaho vho vhewa kha Limpopo kha 88,7%. KwaZulu-Natal yakashuma nhamba yakaderera kwazvo yevasina kugutsikana vakapindura pa39,7%.

Munguva yeongororo iyi, vakapindura vakapiwa mukana wekuwedzera zvirevo kumhinduro dzavo. Huwandu hunocherechedzwa hwevakapindura vakataura kuti kubudirira kunyorera rubatsiro rwemari kwakaratidza kunetsa. Mumwe muridzi webhizinesi kubva kuTzaneen muLimpopo akataura zvichemo zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi: “Takakumbira UIF kuvashandi vedu. Izvo zvakatitadzisa isu kubva kune imwe mari. Hatidi kukwereta mari kubva kuhomwe inofanirwa kudzorerwa mushure meizvozvo nekuti tiri kutanga zvese zvakare mushure medambudziko pasina kutumirwa sekuchengetedza. Tinonzwa kuti dhipatimendi redu rezveKushanya rakatitadzisa 100% nechikamu chine chekuita neBEE-chinzvimbo muhomwe yeHurumende. Isuwo taizodai takaonga kutungamirwa kwakawanda munguva ino maererano nemabatiro atinofanira kuita bhizinesi panguva ino. [sic] ”

Mumwe muridzi anobva kuPinelands kuCape Town anoenderera mberi achisimbisa kuoma uku: “Zvinotishungurudza kuti hatikwanise kutora chikwereti kubva kuHurumende Relief Fund nekuda kwezvinodiwa neBBEEE. Tose tiri kutambura. [sic] ”. Muridzi weKnysna kuWestern Cape akataura zvakare kusakwanisa kwake kunyorera kubva kumari yekubatsira nekuda kwezvinotarisirwa neBEE: “Ini handisi kukwanisa kunyorera rubatsiro nekuda kwenzira dzeBEE. Imba yangu yevaeni ndeye 100% yangu penjeni. Ini ikozvino ndine zero mari yerinotarisirwa ramangwana. [sic] ”.

Mhedzisiro yeongororo inoratidza pachena kuti indasitiri yekushanya yakatambura kukuvara kwakakomba panguva yekuparara kweECVID-19. Mabhizinesi mazhinji ekugara pakufamba ari kusiiwa kumidziyo yavo nekutadza kubudirira kuwana rubatsiro rwemari kuti vatakure kuburikidza neiyo inguva yakaoma kwazvo indasitiri yedu yakatarisana nayo munhoroondo yadarika. Nepo mazhinji eaya masisitendi angangokwanisa kana iri dutu, mazhinji emabhizinesi madiki anogona kusararama pasina imwezve rutsigiro rwemari.

Tichitarisa kune ramangwana: Varidzi vebhizinesi vanoyera indasitiri yekugara pekugara post-COVID-19

Ruzhinji rwevaridzi venzvimbo dzekugara vanotenda kuti kushanya kuchadzokera kumatanho akaenzana mwaka weKisimusi wa2020 usati wasvika. Huwandu uhwu hwakatorwa kubva kune imwe hukuru kuongorora kwenyika nerudzi rwayo, inopa mufananidzo une tariro nezveramangwana rekufamba pakati peCVV-19 denda.

Nenjodzi yeCOVID-19 ichitumira ma shockwa kuburikidza neindasitiri yekushanya yeSouth Africa uye ichiunza kufamba kunzvimbo isingafadzi, varidzi vazhinji vekugara vanosara vachinetseka kuti chii chichaitika kune ino indasitiri kana denda iri radzikira.

Nepo pekugara pekugara zvichiri zvakaderera panguva yekuvharirwa kwenyika, vakapindura vakabvunzwa pavanofunga kuti kushanya munzvimbo yavo kunodzokera kumazinga akajairwa. Vazhinji vashoma vevaridzi vemabhizinesi, 55,2%, vanotarisira kuti bhizinesi ridzokere pane zvakajairwa mwaka kana nguva yeKisimusi 2020 isati yasvika, nepo vakasara vari vasina tariro. Kana zvakajairika nhanho zvikauya kuzobereka mwaka weKisimusi, kumwe kununurwa kweakasara egore remari kunogona kuve mukana.

Ku 68,9%, Limpopo yakanyoresa huwandu hwevanhu vakapindura vachiratidza tarisiro yezvikamu zvakajairika mwaka weKisimusi wa2020 usati wasvika, nepo Free State, Eastern Cape, Mpumalanga neNorth West vese vakataura pamusoro pe60% tarisiro yezvikamu zvakajairika mukati menguva ino. . Iyi data inoratidza kuti panoramba paine tarisiro yakanaka yegore ra2020 regore kunyangwe paine kuoma kwakanyanya.

Pavakabvunzwa nezvemaonero avo pane ramangwana rekushanya munzvimbo mavo kana denda ragara kupfuura, varidzi vemabhizimusi vazhinji vakapindura vaine tarisiro yakanaka kana isina chokwadi nezveramangwana reindasitiri, iine 9,4% chete vachiratidza kuti vaive vasina tariro uye 3,7% vanotaura zvakanyanya kusava netariro. 43,4% vakaratidza kusava nechokwadi nezveramangwana, nepo 30,7% vakati vaive netariro uye 12,8% vaive netariro. Nemhedzisiro iyi inoratidza huwandu hwetariro pa43,5%, paired nevazhinji varidzi vemabhizimusi vachifungidzira zvakajairika mamaki ekubhuka neKisimusi kana isati yasvika, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti nhamba hombe yevaridzi vemabhizinesi vanotenda kuti denda re COVID-19 kudzikisira uye kuti indasitiri yekugara yekufambisa ichanunurwa.

Kunyangwe varidzi vemabhizinesi vazhinji vachiratidza tarisiro yakanaka pane ramangwana, kuchine huwandu hukuru hwevaridzi vanoramba vasina chokwadi nezveramangwana rekufamba mudunhu ravo. Mumwe muridzi kubva kuJeffreys Bay kuEastern Cape akataura "panguva ino pandinoona sekunge ndiri mumuviri uye ramangwana harina chokwadi." Mumwe muridzi muModimolle muLimpopo akataura kuti kusava nechokwadi muindasitiri yekushanya kunoguma nekushaikwa kwenzvimbo nyowani. “Nekuda kwekusaziva chokwadi mubhizimusi rekushanyirwa handina kunge ndawana matsva matsva ekubhadharwa muna Chikumi / Chikunguru kana Gunyana kusvika Zvita. Kazhinji pari zvino ndave ndazara zvakakwana. [sic] ”

Iyi ongororo inoratidza kuti kukura kukuru kwe COVID-19 denda kwakatungamira kune vese varidzi vepamba pekugara uye vafambi kuzadzwa nekusaziva nezveramangwana rekufamba. Kushaikwa kwekuuya kwekubhuka kunoratidza kushayikwa kwekuvimba kwekubhuka nevashanyi, zvichitungamira mukusagadzikana kukuru kwemari kune aya mabhizinesi.

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