Barbados kuve yekutanga kabhoni-neutral chitsuwa chidiki

Fungidzira furati, 430 sq. Km. dot muCaribbean - zuva, gungwa, uye jecha zvinosanganisirwa - zvinogoneswa nesimba rakachena, dziva remotokari rakasvibira rakazara, uye solar panel pamatenga edzimba kwese kwese. Barbados ichanyatso shandura mararamiro ainoita, kushanda, uye kugadzirazve - mukati memakore gumi. Asi nei kusvetuka kukuru kwakadaro? Kunze kwekuratidzira hutungamiriri hwemamiriro ekunze, nyika ine musanganiswa wakaoma wezvinetso zvinoda shanduko yakadai.

Kutanga, chitsuwa chine hwaro hwakatetepa hwekushandisa. Tourism ndiyo inonyanya kutumira kunze kwenyika, iyo inoverengera makumi mana muzana e (yakananga uye isina kunanga) GDP. Zvikasadaro, sarudzo dzekuita mari ishoma. Izvi zvinotowedzera kutsamira pakukwereta. Chitsuwa ichi hachiburitse chikafu chinokwana kudiwa uye chine oiri, gasi, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvishoma. Saka mabhiri ekunze akakwira zvakanyanya. Iyi hupfumi hudiki hwakavhurika, saka, patsitsi dzemisika yepasirese uye maitiro.

Zvadaro, wedzera vimbiso yegore negore yemamiriro ekunze akaipa kubva kumhepo inopisa yeAtlantic iyo inogona uye yakaparadza hupfumi hweCaribbean, nzanga, uye nharaunda yakasikwa - ne200% yeGDP mune dzimwe nguva. Wobva wawedzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, izvo zvichaita kuti masisitimu aya ave nesimba uye akajairika. Iko kutyisidzira kuripo kuti Barbados haingove neumbozha hwekuregeredza.

Mhinduro inodiwa inobata mativi mazhinji. Imwe inosimudzira simba nekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, inochengetedza nharaunda, inovaka kusimba kumamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze, uye kurongazve nzvimbo yemari kuti ishumire zvirinani zvekusimudzira - kushandura chitsuwa kuita yakanyanya kugadzikana shanduro pachayo.

Chinangwa ndechekuve kabhoni isina kwayakarerekera uchichengetedza nharaunda yakachengetedzwa, nzanga yakagadzikana, uye hupfumi hwakasimba uye hwakagadzikana. Kuzvipira uku kwakadzika midzi muNational Energy Policy 2019-2030. Mumakore gumi anotevera, Barbados ichaedza ku:

• Kuwedzera kuwedzera simba rinovandudzwa (RE) kugadzirwa, kunyanya kubva kune solar, mhepo, uye biofuel masosi uye phase-out fossil-based chizvarwa.

• Shandura nzanga kuti ifambe zvakasvibira nekukurudzira kutora kukuru kwemotokari dzemagetsi kana dzakasanganiswa (EVs).

• Kuvandudza kuchengetedza kwesimba (EC) uye kushanda zvakanaka (EE) kuburikidza nechikamu-kubuda kwechiedza chisina kunaka uye midziyo, uye kuisa mitemo yekusimudzira zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro.

• Kurudzira decarbonization, nekupa rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi uye rwemari, uye kuisa matanho emari (rubatsiro, zvikwereti, kudzoreredzwa kwemitero uye kusasununguka, kuregererwa kwemitero yekunze).

• Shandura mitemo nekuvaka kugona kufambisa shanduko yemagetsi.

Zvinhu zvinokosha zvinobudirira

Nepo chitsuwa chichiri kutanga munguva yekushandiswa, chinogona kutoona zvimwe zvakakosha zvekutyaira.

Chitsuwa chinopisa chinopisa seBarbados inzvimbo yepamusoro yekushandisa simba rezuva. Kubva kuma1970, chitsuwa ichi chave chiri mutungamiri muindasitiri yehunyanzvi hwekudziya mvura yezuva (SWH). Chitsuwa ichi chine (imwe ye) mareti epamusoro-soro ekuisa SWH mhiri kweCaribbean, ichichengetedza vatengi pakati peUSD 11.5-16 miriyoni pagore. Nhaka yeSWH uye ruzivo runopa kurudziro kuindasitiri yesolar photovoltaic (PV) kuti isimudzire. Musika wemotokari dzemagetsi uri kukura muBarbados zvakare unokurudzira. Sezvineiwo, kukwira kwazvino kwemitengo yemafuta negasi pasi rose kwakurudzira vagari vazhinji kuti vadyare mumagetsi egirinhi uye zvekufambisa.

Mhedzisiro yehutungamiriri hwakasimba hwemamiriro ekunze uye kuda kwezvematongerwo enyika hakugone kuwedzeredzwa. Izvi zvinoratidzwa munharaunda yese yeBarbadian asi zvino zvave kunyanya kuzivikanwa mukati meMutungamiriri wayo, Mia Amor Mottley. Akabuda panhandare yepasirese, achimiririra Barbados nedzimwe nyika diki dzezvitsuwa, vakatarisana nedambudziko remamiriro ekunze. Pesvedzero yake uye shasha munhaurirano yepasi rose zvakamuwanira mubairo weChampion of the Earth wePolicy Leadership muna 2021.

Rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi uye rwemari rwunopihwa nevanodyidzana nenyika mbiri, dzakasiyana-siyana, uye nepakati pehurumende rwakabatsira. Kubva 2019, Barbados yakabatsirikana kubva pamadhora mazana mashanu emamiriyoni emadhora mukudyara kwesimba kubva kune ava vadyidzani, ichipa zvakakosha mari yekubatsira Barbados nekuita nhanho dzemitemo.

Kuti vagadzirise mutemo, vagadziri vemitemo vakaita tsvakiridzo yakakura, kusanganisira kutenderera kwakawanda kwekubvunzana mukati meBarbados' energy sector muna 2016 na 2017, uye misangano yevatori vechikamu yakawanda muna 2018. Vakashandisa Multi-Criteria Approach (MCA) kubata dzakasiyana siyana maitiro ekuona, kusanganisira zvingango kwikwidza zvido.

Bato reHurumende reMagetsi ndiro rinoronga nezvegwaro iri. Nekuti chimiro chechishuviro ichi chinoda kuti chikamu chese chibatanidzwe, mutemo unobata masangano mumatunhu ese eruzhinji, akazvimirira, uye veruzhinji. Vadyidzani vebudiriro vakaita seInter-American Development Bank, Caribbean Development Bank, neEuropean Commission ndivo vakakoshawo mukupa mari pamwe chete zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekuitwa.

Anenge makore mana ekushandiswa, zvese zviri pamusoro apa zviri kuitika. Ongororo dzenguva nenguva dzakarongwa kwemakore mashanu ega ega sezvo zviwanikwa zvinobvumidza kuongorora kufambira mberi uye kugadzirisa.

Zvidzidzo zvadzidza

Denda reCCIDID-19 uye kudonha kwakazotevera mukushanya kwepasirese kwakadzvinyirira zvakanyanya chiitiko chehupfumi hwenzvimbo uye zvakaderedza zvakanyanya nzvimbo yemari. Denda iri rakawedzerawo chikwereti-ku-GDP ratio, ichimanikidza kugona kukwereta. Kupfuurirazve, nekuda kwehukuru hwehupfumi uye huwandu hwevanhu, Barbados inongotenga tekinoroji parizvino, uye mutengo weiyo RE neEV matekinoroji (uye mutengo wemari yemapurojekiti ekudyara kwemamiriro ekunze kazhinji) unoramba wakakwira. Nekudaro, nyika inoramba ichipa mari yekukurudzira uye dzimwe nzira dzekutsigira kusimudzira tekinoroji pachitsuwa ichi. Barbados iri zvakare kushingaira kuona mikana yekuwana mari yerubatsiro yezviitiko zvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.

Pane kudikanwa kwekuwedzera kusimbaradza masangano kuti atevedze mikana, kusanganisira mukudzidziswa nekuvaka kugona. Nekudaro, ese ari maviri masangano ehurumende neakazvimirira akaisa zvirongwa zvedzidzo yepamusoro uye tekinoroji kuvaka RE neEV-ane hunyanzvi seti uye nekuwedzera hunyanzvi hwenzvimbo.

Mashoko ezvemagetsi nezvinobuda pachena anodiwa mune mamwe mativi kuti atarise uye apime mafambiro, uye kupedzisa kugadzirwa kweGHG kwechitsuwa. Nepo manejimendi edhata inoramba iri dambudziko, nekufamba kwenguva, mapundu e data ari kuvharwa. Tsigiro kubva kune vekune dzimwe nyika vanobatana ichave yakakosha kutsigira manejimendi data kuenda kumberi.

Nepo Barbados ichine nzira yekuenda nayo, yakaita zvimwe:

Zvinobatika uye zvinocherechedzwa kubudirira

• Kune vagadziri vemagetsi vanozvimiririra vanodarika zviuru zviviri vave kugadzira 2,000 MW kubva musimba rezuva - kusvika pachikamu che50% chesimba rezuva.

• 15+ zvivakwa zvehurumende zvakagadziridzwa zvakare ne solar photo-voltaic masisitimu uye magetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi. Zvimwe zvivako zana zvakarongwa.

• Gwaro rehurumende rokutenga zvinhu nekutenga zvinhu rave kukoshesa kutengwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kana dzakasanganiswa, pazvinogoneka.

• Zvikepe zvehurumende zvinotakura vanhu zvinosanganisira mabhazi makumi mana nemapfumbamwe eEV. Zvirongwa zvekuwana mamwe mabhazi e49 zvichawedzera chikamu chemagetsi mabhazi muchikepe kusvika pa10%. Anopfuura mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu EVs ave munzira.

• Marambi emumigwagwa anodarika zviuru makumi maviri nezvina akagadziridzwa mwenje we LED.

• Hurumende yakarambidza mapurasitiki anoshandiswa kamwe chete (polyethylene, polypropylene, kana imwe petroleum base).

• A Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Laboratory uye Solar Classroom Village yakatangwa paSamuel Jackman Prescod Institute of Technology yekudzidza nekuratidzira.

• Zvirongwa zvishanu zvehunyanzvi uye zvepamusoro-soro zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzeRenewable Energy Management, PV Installation, PV Design uye Practice, EV Maintenance Fundamentals, pakati pezvimwe.

• An Energy Smart Fund yakatangwa kuti ipe RE/EE rutsigiro kumabhizinesi anokodzera. Homwe iyi yakakwidziridzwazve neUS$13.1 miriyoni muna 2022 uye yakatanga mushandirapamwe wakakura wedzidzo kuburikidza newebhusaiti yayo uye zviitiko zvewebhu.

• A Barbados-based RE project yakapiwa 2022 Energy Globe Award, uye Barbados yakahwina mibairo miviri yeBest Energy Efficiency Project uye Best E-Mobility Project pa2 Caribbean Renewable Energy Forum's Industry Awards.