William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody (1846-1917) anga ari ngano yekuAmerica, muvhimi wenyati, scout yehurumende, Wild West showman, pony express rider uye mugadziri wehotera. Muna 1902, Cody akazarura Irma Hotel yakatumidzwa zita remwanasikana wake. Akatarisira kuwedzera kwenhamba yevashanyi vanouya kuCody, Wyoming, paBurlington Railway ichangobva kuvakwa. Kunyange vanhu vazhinji vekuAmerica vaiziva nezve Buffalo Bill nekuda kweWild West Show yake, aive zvakare mutsigiri wekushanya muYellowstone National Park.
Mushure mekufa kwababa vake, Bill Cody akave mutasvi wePony Express aine makore gumi nemana. Munguva yeAmerican Civil War, akashanda muUnion Army kubva muna 1863 kusvika 1865. Gare gare, akashanda semuongorori wemauto eU.
Ngano yaBuffalo Bill yakatanga kupararira achiri mumakore ake makumi maviri. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, akatanga kuita mumitambo yemombe yakaratidza zvikamu kubva kumuganhu uye Indian Wars. Akavamba Buffalo Bill's Wild West muna 1883, achitora kambani yake hombe pakushanya muUnited States uye kutanga muna 1887 muGreat Britain nekondinendi yeEurope. Akafamba muEurope kasere muna 1906. Shoo yacho yakabudirira zvikuru muEurope, zvichiita kuti Cody ave nemukurumbira wepasi rose uye chifananidzo cheAmerica. Mark Twain akati, "Zvinowanzotaurwa kune rumwe rutivi rwemvura kuti hapana imwe yezviratidzwa zvatinotumira kuEngland ndeyeAmerica uye yakanyatsojeka. Kana iwe ukatora iyo Wild West show ipapo unogona kubvisa kunyomba ikoko. "
Mushure mekuvhura Irma Hotel muna 1902, Cody akapedza kuvaka kweWapiti Inn nePahasca Teepee muna 1905 nerubatsiro rwemuimbi, rancher uye philanthropist Abraham Archibald Anderson. Kutanga pakati pemakore ekuma1870, Anderson akadzidza unyanzvi muParis, akatanga naLéon Bonnat, ndokuzotungamirirwa naAlexandre Cabanel, Fernand Cormon, Auguste Rodin, naRaphaël Collin. Anderson akava nemukurumbira wemifananidzo yake. Mufananidzo wake wa1889 waThomas Alva Edison uri muNational Portrait Gallery muWashington DC.
Muna 1900, Anderson akapa basa rekuNew York rine nhurikidzwa gumi reBryant Park Studios nemuvaki Charles A. Rich. Iri kudivi rezasi reBryant Park, mahwindo ayo ane rupo uye akakwirira-sirin'i zvakagadzirirwa chaizvo maartist. Anderson akachengetedza sutu yake pauriri hwepamusoro kusvika pakupera kwehupenyu hwake. Bryant Park Studios yakabva yazivikanwa, uye maroja aisanganisira John LaFarge, Frederick Stuart Church, Winslow Homer, Augustus Saint-Gaudens naWilliam Merritt Chase. Chivakwa ichi chiripo.
Kudzokera kuUnited States muchirimo, Anderson akatenga nzvimbo kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweWyoming ndokuigadzira kuita Palette Ranch. Iye pachake akagadzira William "Buffalo Bill" Cody's muenzi ranch Pahaska Teepee, uye imba yake, Anderson Lodge. Iyo imba yekutandarira yakave yekutanga hofisi yekutonga yeYellowstone Forest Reserve muna 1902, seMutungamiri Roosevelt akatumidza Anderson seMutariri Mukuru wekutanga weSango Reserves. Anderson akaita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza nekusimudzira dunhu reYellowstone.
Zvivakwa izvi zvaive mumakiromita makumi mashanu pakati peCody negedhi rekumabvazuva kweYellowstone Park paYellowstone Trail iyo yakanzi "inoyevedza kwazvo mamaira makumi mashanu muAmerica" neMutungamiri Theodore Roosevelt. Pahaska Tepee yakavakwa pakati pe50 na50 senzvimbo yekuvhima uye hotera yezhizha uye yakanyorwa paNational Historic Register. Zita rayo rakatorwa pamazwi okuti “pahinhonska” (zita rechiLakota reBuffalo Bill) rinoreva “bvudzi refu remumusoro,” uye “teepee” (lodge) zvichikonzera “Longhair’s Lodge”. Yakavakwa mushure meChicago-Burlington-Quincy Railroad spur line uye mugwagwa wehurumende kuenda kuCody wapera.
Wapiti Inn yaive mukati mekufamba kwengoro yezuva kubva kuCody uye Pahaska Teepee yaive mukati mekufamba kwemazuva maviri. Mota dzairambidzwa kubva kuYellowstone kusvika 1915 zvekuti Pahaska Teepee yaive yekupedzisira kumira kwemotokari dzaipinda muPaki. Sezvo mota zhinji dzaibvumidzwa kupinda muYellowstone, kugara kwehusiku paWapiti Inn kwakaramba uye hotera yacho yakaputswa. Matanda akashandiswa kuvaka imba huru paPahaska Teepee. Chimiro chikuru cheTeepee chimiro chenhurikidzwa mbiri chinoyera 83.5 tsoka ne60 tsoka. Chivako chakatarisa kumabvazuva, pasi pemupata weRwizi Shoshone. Nhanho huru yakakomberedzwa nemavharanda kuchamhembe, kumaodzanyemba nekumabvazuva ine musuwo mukuru wakatarisana neberere rekumabvazuva. Iwo magonhi maviri anopinda muhoro inoenda padenga nechoto chematombo kune kumucheto. Imba yekudyira iri kuseri kwechoto. Imba iyi yakakomberedzwa nemezzanine gallery. Kakamuri kadiki kemakamuri pamusoro peberere rekumabvazuva raishandiswa naCody. The Pahaska Teepee inoshanda senzvimbo yemakomo uye yakanyorwa paNational Register of Historic Places muna 1973. Yakanzi "Gem of the Rockies" neBuffalo Bill.
Irma Hotel inzvimbo huru muCody, Wyoming ine bhawa rine mukurumbira rakagadzirwa nemuti wecherry chaive chipo kuBuffalo Bill naMambokadzi Victoria. Irma yakavhurwa nepati musi waNovember 18, 1902, iyo yakapindwa nevepepanhau nevanoremekedzwa kubva kure seBoston. Ihotera yakakurumidza kuva nzvimbo yemagariro eCody. Munguva iyi, Buffalo Bill akanga ari pasi pedzvinyiriro inobva kuvakweretesi uye akamanikidzwa kusaina pamusoro pehotera kumudzimai wake Louisa muna 1913, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga asingawirirani naye. Mushure mekufa kwaCody muna 1917, hotera yakatorwa uye yakatengeswa kuBarney Link. Gore risati rapera nzvimbo yeLink yakatengesa nzvimbo yacho kuna Louisa, uyo aiva muridzi wayo kusvikira afa muna 1925. Varidzi vatsva, Henry naPearl Newell, vakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma hotera yacho, vachivaka imwe nzvimbo yakapoteredza 1930 kumadokero kuti iwane motokari. -takurwa nevashanyi. Mushure mekufa kwemurume wake muna 1940, Pearl Newell akashanda hotera iyi kusvika pakufa kwake muna 1965. Akasiya muunganidzwa wakakura weBuffalo Bill memorabilia wepahotera kuenda kuBuffalo Bill Historical Center uye akataura kuti mari inobva panzvimbo iyi yaizoshandiswa sechipo chemumuseum. . Irma Hotel ichiri yakavhurika bhizinesi sehotera neresitorendi. Inosanganisirwa paNational Register yeNzvimbo dzeNhoroondo, yakanyorwa muna 1973.
Iyo nhoroondo yeWapiti Lodge inzvimbo yakadzoreredzwa zvakanaka iri mukati meNorthfork Valley, yakatarisana neRwizi Shoshone. Yakavakwa muna 1904 panzvimbo yeWapiti Inn yakaputswa naBen naMary Simpers, yaizivikanwa seGreen Lantern Tourist Camp, uye ichitendwa kuti ndiyo yekutanga danho rekubata rezinesi rekutengesa doro mushure mekunge Prohibition yabviswa. VaSimpers vakatangawo sevhisi yekutanga yechikafu mumupata, vachipa huku kune vese vashanyi uye vagari venzvimbo iyi. MaSimpers akazotengeswa kuFO Sanzenbacker muna 1931, uye zita rakashandurwa kuita Wapiti Lodge. Imba yekutandarira yakavapo kwemakumi emakore, kubva pachiteshi chepeturu, chitoro chikuru, hofisi yeposvo, uye yekudyira, ikozvino yave kudzokera kune yayo yekutanga yekupa kuzorora nekutandara kune vafambi venzvimbo. Nzvimbo yacho yakatoshandiswa semusha wePosvo yeWapiti kubva muna 1938 kusvikira muna 2010. Kunyange zvazvo ava nemakore anopfuura 100, nguva yave ichibatsira kuchengetedza chimiro uye kunaka kweimba yacho. Nhasi, imba yekutandarira inofananidzira hunhu hweWyoming uye runako, iine zvishoma zvechinyakare zvakapindirana nekunyaradza kunotarisirwa nevafambi vanonzwisisa.
Pamusoro peimba nekabhini, masutu matanhatu ave kuwanikwa, ese achitora maitiro uye kunaka kwekare neazvino. Iyo Lodge inodada nekunyaradza kwemazuva ano uye nyore kune vashanyi vane makicheni, mafoni, WIFI cable TV, continental breakfast, nzvimbo dzekuunganidzira, uye imba yekutamba yevana nevakuru zvakafanana. Iyo inoyevedza nzvimbo yakatenderedza lodge ibhonasi yekuwedzera pamwe nekubata hove panzvimbo yakavanzika yeRwizi Shoshone.
Semuongorori wemuganho, Cody airemekedza maNative America uye aitsigira kodzero dzavo dzevanhu. Akashandisa vazhinji vavo nemuhoro wakanaka uye mukana wekuvandudza hupenyu hwavo. Akambotaura kuti “denda riri rose rokuIndia randakaziva rakakonzerwa nokuputswa kwevimbiso nokuputswa kwezvibvumirano nehurumende.” Cody akatsigirawo kodzero dzevakadzi. Akati, “Zvatinoda kuita kupa vanhukadzi rusununguko rwakatowanda kupfuura rwavanarwo. Ngavaite chero basa ripi zvaro ravanoona rakakodzera, uye kana vakariita sevarume, vapei muripo wakafanana.” Muzviratidziro zvake, maIndia aiwanzoratidzwa achirwisa makochi nezvitima zvengoro uye aidzingwa nevakomana vemombe nemasoja. Nhengo zhinji dzemhuri dzakafamba nevarume, uye Cody akakurudzira vadzimai nevana vevatambi vake vekuAmerica kuti vamise musasa - sezvavaizoita munyika dzekumusha kwavo - sechikamu cheshoo. Aida kuti vanhu vanobhadhara vaone rutivi rwevanhu rwe“varwi vanotyisa” uye vaone kuti vakanga vane mhuri dzakafanana nedzimwe dzose uye vane tsika dzavo vamene dzakasiana. Cody aizivikanwawo semuchengetedzi akataura achipokana nekuvhima kwakavanda uye akakurudzira kutangwa kwemwaka wekuvhima.
Iyo Buffalo Bill Center yekuMadokero inzvimbo yakakura uye yemazuva ano iri padyo nepakati peCody. Iine mamuseum mashanu mune imwe, kusanganisira iyo Draper Natural History Museum, iyo Plains Indian Museum, iyo Cody Firearms Museum, iyo Whitney Western Art Museum uye Buffalo Bill Museum inorondedzera hupenyu hwaWilliam F. Cody, uyo nzvimbo yacho yakatumidzwa zita. . Nzvimbo yenhoroondo inzvimbo inofarirwa nevashanyi vanopfuura nemudhorobha vachienda kana kubva kuYellowstone. Old Trail Town, kudzoreredzwa kweanopfuura makumi maviri neshanu enhoroondo zvivakwa zvekuMadokero uye zvigadzirwa zviri muCody ichangobva kuYellowstone Highway. Rodeo inokosha mutsika yeCody iyo inozviti "Rodeo Capital of the World". The Cody Nite Rodeo is an amateur rodeo inoitwa manheru ega ega kubva munaJune 1 kusvika Nyamavhuvhu 31. Cody anotambirawo kuCody Stampede Rodeo, imwe yemarodeo makuru munyika ino inotsigirwa neProfessional Rodeo Cowboys Association iyo yakaitwa kubva muna Chikunguru 14. gore negore kubva muna 1919.
Munyori, Stanley Turkel, ane masimba anozivikanwa uye mupangamazano muindastiri yehotera. Anoshanda muhotera yake, kugamuchira vaeni uye kuita zvehunyanzvi zvine hunyanzvi mukutarisira kweaseti, kuongororwa kwekushanda uye kushanda kwezvibvumirano zvekutengesa zvehotera uye kupihwa rutsigiro. Vatengi varidzi vemahotera, vatengesi uye masangano ekukweretesa. Mabhuku ake anosanganisira: Great American Hoteliers: Mapiyona eiyo Hotel Indasitiri (2009), Yakavakirwa Kupedzisira: 100+ Yemakore-Mahotera Mahara muNew York (2011), Yakavakirwa Kupedzisira: 100+ Makore-Akare Mahotera Kumabvazuva kweMississippi (2013) ), Hotel Mavens: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt naOscar weWaldorf (2014), Great American Hoteliers Vhoriyamu 2: Mapiyona eiyo Hotera Indasitiri (2016), nebhuku rake nyowani, Yakavakirwa Kupedzisira: 100+ Gore -Old Hotels West of the Mississippi (2017) - inowanikwa mune hardback, mapepa, uye Ebook fomati - umo Ian Schrager akanyora muzita rekutanga: "Iri bhuku chairo rinopedzisa trilogy ye182 hotera nhoroondo dzechinyakare zvivakwa zvemakamuri makumi mashanu kana kupfuura… "Ndinonzwa nemoyo wese kuti chikoro chese chemuhotera chinofanira kuve nemaseti emabhuku aya uye nekuaita kuti averengere vadzidzi vavo nevashandi."
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