Yakaitwa pamwe chete naDr. Wen-Chang Chang, sachigaro webhodhi revatungamiriri veTaipei Medical University, uye Dr. Yun Yen, sachigaro purofesa paTaipei Medical University, chikamu chakakosha ichi chine hurukuro dzakapihwa nevahwina vatatu pamubairo we2020 Tang muBiopharmaceutical Science. , Dr. Charles Dinarello, Marc Feldmann, naTadamitsu Kishimoto, vachipa ruzivo rwakakosha nezve basa remacytokines mukuzvimba uye chirwere cheCCIDID-19 pamwe nekurapa kunobvira.
Hurukuro yekutanga yaDr. Dinarello, ine musoro unoti “Interleukin-1: The Prime Mediator of Systemic and Local Inflammation,” yakatanga nekucheneswa kwake leukocytic pryogen kubva mumasero machena eropa revanhu muna 1971. Zvakazomutorera makore matanhatu kuti aone maviri fever- kugadzira mamorekuru, akazonzi IL-1α uye IL-1β. Muna 1977, zvakabuda mutsvakurudzo zvakabudiswa muProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, uye nokuda kwaDr. Dinarello, “iyo yakanga iri nhano inokosha munhau ye<em>cytokine biology,” nokuti vanhu vakawanda vari mundima yesayenzi youpenyu vakakurudzirwa kuti vadaro. kudzidza maitiro emasoja edziviriro pa physiology yemunhu. Somugumisiro, cytokine biology yakawedzera nokukurumidza. Akataurawo nezvekuti mushure mekuedza kwekutanga muvanhu, "nhoroondo yemacytokines ari kushandiswa semushonga akachinja zvakanyanya," uye pfungwa yakachinjirwa ku "inhibiting cytokines, seIL-1, seTNF, seIL- 6.” Kuti vabatsire vateereri kuti vanzwisise network yakaoma inoumbwa ne-pro-inflammatory molecules yemhuri yeIL-1, Dr. Dinarello akatsanangura pamusoro pekushandurwa kwechiratidzo cheI-1 nhengo dzemhuri, maitiro avo e-pro- uye anti-inflammatory, uye zviratidzo zve zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuzvimba, kuitira kurerutsa nzira yekuti vateereri vanyatsonzwisisa chikamu chechipiri chehurukuro yakanangana ne "kushandiswa kwekiriniki kweIl-1 blockade." IL-1 overproduction, sezvakataurwa naDr. Dinarello, ndicho chikonzero chinowanzokonzera zvirwere zvakawanda. IL-1Ra, kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kuvharidzira Il-1αandβ, uye kuvhara iyo IL-1R kusaina. Anakinra, recombinant yemunhu IL-1Ra yakagadzirwa. Inoshandiswa kurapa rheumatoid arthritis uye inogonawo kudzivirira glycemic kusagadzikana murudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga. Uyezve, canakinumab, anti-IL-2βmonoclonal antibody yakabudirira kubudirira neNovartis, yakagamuchirwa mune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, kubva kune zvisingawanzoitiki zvirwere zvekugara nhaka, zvirwere zverheumatic, autoimmune uye zvirwere zvinoputika, kune zvirwere zvemwoyo. Nhau dzinonyanya kunakidza dzinosanganisira canakinumab ndeyekuyedzwa kwekiriniki, CANTOS, iyo yakaratidza zvisingatarisirwi kuti canakinumab ine basa rakakosha mukurapa cancer. Nokudaro, Dr. Dinarello anotenda kuti kuvhara IL-1 kunogona kuunza mambakwedza ekurapa kenza itsva.
Mukurukuri wechipiri, Dr. Feldmann, akagovera maonero ake pamusoro pe "Kushandura Molecular Insights in Autoimmunity to Effective Therapy." Kusimbiswa kwehafu yekutanga yehurukuro yake kwaiva pamusoro pekuti akawana sei kuti anti-TNF inogona kushanda mukurapa rheumatoid arthritis. Kudzora madosi akakwirira kana akaderera emushonga uyu anogona kuvharira TNF ukuwo achikurumidza kuderedza kugadzirwa kwevamwe vayananisi vanopisa. Mukuedza kwavo kwepakutanga, Dr. Feldmann neboka rake vakaratidza kuti inenge 50% yevanhu vane rheumatoid arthritis vakapindura kusanganiswa kwemishonga vachishandisa anti-TNF uye kenza drug methotrexate. Izvozvo zvakaita kuti afunge kuti “tine rwendo rurefu rwokuti murwere wose arapwe.” Mukati mechikamu chechipiri chehurukuro, Dr. Feldmann akatiudza kuti “TNF mufungidziri asina kujairika, nokuti ine zvinangwa zviviri zvakasiyana: TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1), iyo inotungamirira kuzvimba, uye TNF receptor 2, iyo inoita zvikuru. zvinopesana. Saka kana iwe ukavhara zvese zveTNF, iwe unovhara ma receptors. Unovhara kuzvimba, asi unodzivirirawo kuedza kwemuviri kuderedza kuzvimba.” Nokudaro, iye nevamwe vake vari "mukugadzira maturusi" uye akatovhara TNFR1 pasina kuchinja basa rekutonga T masero. Mukuwedzera, Dr. Feldmann akataura nezvezvinogoneka zve-anti-TNF pakugadzirisa zvido zvakawanda zvisingagoneki zvekurapa, zvakadai sekurapa fibrosis yeruoko nekupinza anti-TNF muchanza. Zvisinei, akataura zvipingamupinyi zviviri zviri pachena zveanti-TNF yaakatanga kugadzira: yaidhura-inorambidza uye "yaive mushonga unobaya." Nokudaro, kugadzira “zvinodhaka zvisingadhuri zvinogona kupiwa nomuromo” zvaizounza betsero huru kunzanga. Muhurukuro yose, Dr. Feldmann vakaramba vachiunza vanhu vakawanda vaaishanda navo kana kuti vaaishanda navo mumabasa akasiyana-siyana uye kuedza, sezvaaiedza kudzidzisa shoko rokuti zvaakanga adzidza kubva muzviitiko izvi zvaiva “nzira yokushanda zvakanaka nevamwe”. kuve nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi mukutsvagisa kwavo. Chave chiri chiratidzo chebasa rake kuwana “vanhu vane tarenda vokushanda navo,” uye, “pamwe chete navo,” kuti tiwane zvakawanda “zvatingagona toga.”
Vachipa hurukuro yechitatu pamusoro wenyaya "Interleukin-6: Kubva Arthritis kuenda kuCAR-T uye COVID-19," Dr. Kishimoto vakakwevera vateereri kuti IL-6 yakawanikwa sei, nei IL-6 iri pleiotropic molecule, uye nei. IL-6 "inokonzeresa kugadzirwa kweantibody pamwe nekuzvimba induction." Akajekesawo nezve IL-6 mhedzisiro pazvirwere zve autoimmune uye kuti IL-6 inogona sei kukonzera dutu re cytokine. Pakutanga muhurukuro yake, Dr. Kistimoto akajekesa kuti kuwandisa kweIL-6 kwakawanikwa kunobatanidza nezvirwere zvakawanda, zvakadai semwoyo myxoma, chirwere cheCastleman, rheumatoid arthritis, uye systemic kutanga kwejuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Kuti agadzirise mhinduro dzinopisa dzakakonzerwa neIL-6 overproduction, Dr. Kishimoto neboka rake vakaedza kurapa varwere nekuvhara zviratidzo zve IL-6. Mushure mezvo, tocilizumab, recombinant humanized anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, yakagadziriswa uye yakabvumidzwa kushandiswa munyika dzinopfuura zana pakurapa rheumatoid arthritis neJIA. Nezve kuti kugadzirwa kweIL-100 kunogadziriswa sei uye nei IL-6 kuwandisa kwepamusoro kunowanzoitika muzvirwere zvisingaperi zvinoputika, Dr. Kishimoto akatsanangura kuti kugadzikana kweIL-6 kwakanyatsoenderana nemutumwa wayo RNA. Kununura varwere vari kutambura kubva kuCAR-T cell-induced cytokine dutu, vazhinji vari mune zvekurapa zvino vachashandisa tocilizumab kumisa mhedzisiro yekurapa uku. Tichifunga nezvemuenzaniso uyu, Dr. Kishimoto nechikwata chavo vakafungidzira kuti tocilizumab inogona zvakare kushanda mukubatsira varwere veCCIDID-6 vanorwara zvakanyanya kurwisa madutu ecytokine. Miedzo yakawanda yemakiriniki yakakura yakaratidza kuti inogona kuderedza mukana wekuda kufefeterwa kwemhepo kana njodzi yerufu. Nechikonzero ichi, iyo US Food and Drug Administration neWorld Health Organisation vese vakapa Emergency Use Authorization ye tocilizumab kurapwa kwevarwere veCOVID-19. Muhurukuro iyi, Dr. Kishimoto akatipa tsanangudzo yakazara yekutsvakurudza kweIL-19 akatungamirira boka rake mukuita mumakore makumi mashanu apfuura. Rwakanga rwuri rwendo rwakavatora kubva pakutsvagisa kwekutanga kuenda pakuvandudza zvinodhaka uye kukiriniki yekushandisa.
Idzi hurukuro nhatu nevatambi ve2020 Tang Prize muBiopharmaceutical Sayenzi dzichatanga paTang Prize YouTube chiteshi kubva 4 pm kusvika 7 pm (GMT + 8) muna Mbudzi 27.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- Dinarello elaborated on the signal transduction of IL-1 family members, their pro- and anti-inflammatory characteristics, and the symptoms of different inflammatory diseases, so as to ease the way for the audience to get a proper grasp of the second half of the lecture which centered on “the clinical application of Il-1 blockade.
- Feldmann kept bringing up many people with whom he was or is collaborating for different projects and experiments, as he tried to drive home the message that what he had learned from these experiences was “how to work….
- In 1977, the research outcomes were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and for Dr.
