China iri kuwedzera bhajeti mahotera anobatsirwa kubva pasina mafrills

SHANGHAI - Injiniya wekuGerman Michael Bosch haavhunduke nekushaikwa kwejimu uye kumwe kunyaradzwa kwezvisikwa pahotera yake yebhajeti mune yakashandurwa hofisi chivakwa cheShanghai. Akagara mumahotera akadai nzendo dzinosvika gumi nembiri kuenda kumaguta eChinese.

“Chandinongoda inzvimbo yakachena, inodziya yokurara. Ini handina basa nezvakawanda nezvesevhisi, ”ane makore makumi matatu nematatu ekuberekwa akadaro achimirira kwemaminetsi gumi kuti aitambira aivhiringika kuti amubatsire paMotel32 kumucheto kwedunhu rezvemari reShanghai.

Mamirioni emabhizinesi nevashanyi, vese vekuChina nevekunze, vari kutora mukana wekuwedzera muindasitiri yemahotera ekuChina, iyo inopa makamuri asingasviki madhora makumi mashanu pahusiku zvichienzaniswa nemadhora mazana maviri emahotera enyeredzi shanu.

Huwandu hwemakamuri emahotera ebhajeti hwakawedzera mumakore masere apfuura kubva pazero kusvika pamusoro pe100,000 nemhando dzinopfuura zana dzichikwikwidzana nemusika weChina uri kukurumidza kukura. Zvinopfuura 100 mhando dzakabuda.

Iyo inokurumidza kusimukira yeChinese bhajeti indasitiri hotera yakafanana neUS motel boom yemakore ekuma1950s, iyo yakakurudzirwa nekushanya nekuwedzera migwagwa mikuru.

"China ine huwandu hwevanhu zvakapetwa kana kupfuura hweUS, uye mukana wekuve musika mukuru webhajeti wepasi rose," akadaro Wang Lie, mukuru wezvemari muchikamu chebhajeti Hanting Hotels.

Vakuru nevadiki vekuChina vanoisa mari, pamwe nevanorema vekunze vakaita saMorgan Stanley, Warburg Pincus naMerrill Lynch, vari kupinda muindastiri iyi, kunyangwe kukwikwidza kunotyisa uye mitengo yemakamuri ekunyura ikozvino iri kutyisidzira kukuvadza purofiti.

Shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro, pamwe nekusimukira kwehupfumi hweChina, zvabatsira indasitiri iyi. Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, hurumende haina kuita zvishoma kukurudzira kufamba mudzimba nevagari vayo, pamwe nekuda kwekunetseka nezvekuchengetedzwa kweveruzhinji uye kugadzikana munharaunda.

Vazhinji vafambi vekuChina vaifanira kugara mu "dzimba dzevaenzi" dzinotungamirwa nehurumende dzenzvimbo, dzinozivikanwa nemakamuri ekurara, kushomeka kwekudziya uye kutadza kwepombi dzemvura.

Asi muna 1999, hurumende yepakati yakatanga kusimudzira kufamba senzira yekusimudzira hupfumi, ichigadzira zororo renyika remavhiki matatu iro rakawedzera kudiwa kwemakamuri emahotera.

Izvozvo zvakasunungura kufamba kwakasimba. Muna 2006, 1.39 bhiriyoni nzendo dzepamba nevashanyi vekuChina dzakagadzira madhora mabhiriyoni makumi masere nemashanu, zvichikwira nezvikamu gumi nenomwe kubva muzana kubva muna 85, data ichangoburwa inoratidza. Vezvemaindasitiri vanoti kukura kunoenderera mberi pamwero wakafanana.

MITAMBO YEHURUMENDE

Musika weChina wekushanya kwebhizinesi unokosha madhora mabhiriyoni gumi, yechina pakukura pasirese, sekureva kweAmerican Express.

Mitambo yeOlympics muChina Nyamavhuvhu uno, uye Shanghai World Expo muna 2010, inotarisirwa kubatsira kuti kudiwa kurambe kuchikura mushure mekunge Beijing yasarudza mwedzi wapera kuderedza huwandu hwezororo revhiki kubva pamatatu kusvika maviri.

"Mari yave kupinda muindastiri iyi inopisa uye mutambi wese ari kuwedzera zvine hukasha kuti awane chikamu chemusika," akadaro Xu Rongzu, purezidhendi weShanghai-based Jinjiang Inn, iyo yakavambwa muna 1996 seChina yekutanga bhajeti rehotera.

Kusiyana nekufamba kweumbozha, indasitiri yemahotera ebhajeti yeChina inotongwa nemhando dzemuno. Kunyangwe mahotera akachipa akakwezva vashanyi vebhajeti uye vanotakura zvinhu kubva kunze kwenyika, ruzhinji rwevatengi ndevemuno vasina ruzivo nezvemhando dzekunze.

Mafemu madiki, anomhanya-mhanya eChinese akakwanisa kunyura mumusika apo vangangokwikwidza kunze kwenyika vachiri kuita zvidzidzo zvinogoneka, sezvo avhareji yekudyara muhotera yebhajeti ingori miriyoni imwe chete uye inogona kudzoserwa mumakore matatu kusvika mashanu.

Indasitiri iyi yakakwevera mabhizinesi eChinese anosanganisira Ji Qi, makumi mana nemaviri, mwanakomana wemurimi, anokurumidza kutaura. Akasiya basa rake semaneja wekutengesa komputa muShanghai pakati pemakore ekuma42 kuti afambe muUnited States kwegore, asati adzoka kuzogadzira tambo dzefemu.

Akavamba Ctrip mumiriri wepamhepo muna 1999 neHome Inns, yava kuChina hombe yemahotera ebhajeti, muna 2001. Ose akanyorwa pamusika weUS Nasdaq. Ji parizvino anovavarira kunyorwa kwekunze kweHanting Hotels, yaakamisa muna 2005.

Ji anoti indasitiri yehotera yebhajeti inoyevedza nekuti nyika iri kusimuka kubva pakukura kwe "Made in China" kuenda ku "Service by China", sekusvibisa uye kusawirirana kwekutengeserana kwenyika kunoreva kuti haichakwanisi kuvimba chete nekukura kwekugadzira.

KUNHU ZVINHU ZVINHU

Hutongi hwevamabhizimusi vekuChina hwakasiya mari yakazvimiririra mumafemu emuno senzira iri nyore yekuti vemabhizimusi vekunze vakawanda vapinde muboom.

Home Inns yakakwidza mari inopfuura $109 miriyoni mukunyorwa kwayo kwaGumiguru 2006 Nasdaq mushure mekudyara kubva kuUS-based venture capital firm IDG Ventures. Inoronga kuwedzera huwandu hwemahotera ayo kusvika pa1,000 mumakore mashoma uye kuwedzera kunze kweChina kupinda muAsia.

Shenzhen-based 7 Days Inn, China yakakura cheni yechishanu, inoronga kuwedzera katatu nhamba yemahotera kusvika mazana maviri muna 200 mushure mekugamuchira munaGunyana jekiseni rakabatanidzwa remamiriyoni makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu emadhora kubva kuMerrill Lynch, Deutsche Bank neWarburg Pincus.

Asi mamwe macheni makuru ekunze anofunga kuti ane hunyanzvi hwekukwikwidza muChina, uko kugadza zita kunogona kuvabatsira kukwezva bhizinesi kunze kwenyika kubva kumazana ezviuru zvevashanyi vekuChina vanotanga kuenda mhiri kwemakungwa.

Accor, mutengesi mukuru weEurope, ane chinangwa chekuva nemahotera ebhajeti eIbis anosvika zana nemakumi maviri kuChina panosvika 120, kubva pamapfumbamwe izvozvi - kunyangwe mari zhinji yeAccor yekuChina ichiri kubva kumahotera ayo epamusoro-soro eSofitel neNovotel.

Sezvakaita maindasitiri mazhinji eChinese, kuwedzera kwekudyara kunogona kutungamira mukuzununguka. Makwikwi evatengi uye zvivakwa zvakagara zvakanaka ari kukwidza mitengo yekushandisa uku ichikuvadza rendi uye mitengo yekugara.
Mitengo yemakamuri emahotera ebhajeti yakaderera nezvikamu makumi mana neshanu muzana paavhareji muna 45 uye vagari vakatsvedza kusvika pamakumi masere neshanu muzana kubva pamakumi masere nepfumbamwe muzana, iyo ichangoburwa yebazi rezvekutengeserana data inoratidza - kunyangwe iyo yakaramba iri pamusoro peavhareji yehuwandu hwekugara kweindasitiri yemahotera inosvika makumi matanhatu muzana.

Rendi yezvivakwa, chikamu chikuru chemitengo, yakasimuka nekukurumidza zvakapetwa kashanu kupfuura mitengo yezvivakwa yeChina yatove-frothy muna 2006.

"Chinetso chikuru chevashandi vehotera bhajeti kudzora mutengo," akadaro Jinjiang's Xu. "Pamusoro pekukwira kuri kuita rendi, kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi nemihoro kuri kuwedzera kumanikidza kudhura."

Musika uyu wakakuvadzwawo nemahotera akawanda epasi, anofambiswa ari pachivande ayo akakwanisa kuzvidaidza kuti "bhajeti cheni" nekuda kwemutemo wehurumende, akadaro Zhang Minghou, mukuru kuChina Hotel Association.

Zhang akabatsira kudhirowa mitemo, kuti ibudiswe gore rino, yakagadzirirwa kudzora chikamu uye sevhisi zviyero.

"China haisisiri nharaunda yemahotera ebhajeti, uye mazuva ekuwana mari apera," akadaro Ji Yue, director weUS yakazvimirira equity femu Sequoia Capital. “Patova nevamwe vatungamiri vemisika vari pachena. Tinotarisira kuona kubatanidzwa. "

Home Inns, Motel168 neJinjiang Inn, inova chikamu cheShanghai Jinjiang International Hotels Group, yatotonga yakasanganiswa 44 muzana yemusika, uye inogona kusimuka.

Muna Gumiguru, Home Inns yakawana mamwe mahotera makumi maviri nenhanhatu nekutenga mukwikwidzi ane makore maviri ekuzvarwa Top Star. Chief Executive Officer David Sun akati kutora kuchaita chikamu chechishanu chekuwedzera kweHome Inns mukufamba kwenguva.

Asi mamwe maketani anogona kuramba achibudirira kuburikidza nekukamurwa kwemusika, akadaro Wang kuHanting Hotels. "Kugona kuChina kwakakura, uye hausi mutambo wekukunda."

Kuti udzivise kukwikwidzana nevatambi vanotungamira, Hanting inozvidaidza kuti "yepakati-chikamu" cheni yehotera uye inonangana nevafambi vebhizinesi kunyanya.

Mahotera ayo akashongedzwa nependi yemafuta uye kamuri yega yega ine kwete imwe asi mitsetse miviri yeinternet.

Uye Malaysian-inodzorwa nechikepe mutyairi Star Cruises yapinda mumusika nekunanga kumagumo, ichichaja vafambi isingasviki $14 yuan pahusiku zvichienzaniswa nekanopfuura zvakapetwa kaviri paHome Inns. ($1 = 7.24 yuan)

Guardian.co.uk