Kubiwa kwemhangura kuri kuramba kuchitambudza zvikurusa muEurope vafambisi vezvitima, zvichikonzera kunonoka kukuru uye mamirioni emaeuro mukukuvadza kune zvivakwa zvenjanji. Nemutengo wemhangura uri kuwedzera, kunetseka pamusoro pekuramba kwenyaya iyi kuri kuwedzera.
Mhangura isimbi inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuitisa kwayo mukupisa uye magetsi, pamwe chete nemaaloyi akasiyana senge sterling sirivheri uye cupronickel. Zvinoitika zvega uye zvakashandiswa nevanhu kubva kuma8000 BC. Inobata mutsauko wekuve simbi yekutanga yakanyungudutswa kubva kune sulfide ores, yakakandwa mumhando ichishandisa mold, uye nemaune yakasanganiswa netin kugadzira bronze.
Mhangura inoshanda sechinhu chakakosha muzvitima masisitimu akasiyana siyana, kusanganisira tambo dzechiratidzo, waya dzekudzika, uye tambo dzemagetsi. Pasina iyo, zvitima zvinoshaya simba rinodiwa uye zvivakwa zvekutaurirana kuti zvishande nemazvo.
Kukwezva kwekukurumidza kuita purofiti kwaita kuti mbavha dzide kunanga mhangura, netani imwe chete inotora inosvika £6,600 (€ 7,726) kuUK munaKurume wapfuura. Nepo zvimwe zvinhu zvakabiwa zvingasawana nzira yekuenda kunzvimbo dzinoshandiswa patsva, mayadhi asina kurongwa anopa imwe musika wesimbi idzi dzakatorwa zvisiri pamutemo.
Sezvo mutengo wemhangura unotarisirwa kuwedzera mumakore anotevera, vatyairi venjanji vari kuwedzera dziviriro yavo. Dzimwe nyika dzeEurope dzakatogamuchira DNA tekinoroji yekurwisa kuba, nechinangwa chokudzivisa vangangopara mhosva.
Hukuru hwedambudziko hunooneka kubva muruzivo rwakapihwa nevafambisi venjanji vakuru mukondinendi yese. Mu UK, zvitima zvakatarisana nekunonoka kunosvika 84,390 maminetsi mugore rezvemari ra2022/23, zvichidhura £ 12.24 miriyoni (€ 14.33 mamiriyoni), maererano nenhamba kubva kuNetwork Rail.
Saizvozvo, mu Jerimani, Deutsche Bahn yakashuma zviitiko zve450 zvekuba kwesimbi, zvinokanganisa zvitima zve3,200 uye zvichiita kuti € 7 mamiriyoni mukurasikirwa. France's SNCF yakacherekedza pamusoro pezvitima zviuru makumi mana zvakakanganisika, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kunopfuura zviuru makumi maviri zvemadhora.
Bherujiyamu zvakare yakaona kuwanda kwekubiwa kwemhangura, nezviitiko mazana mana nemakumi matanhatu nenhanhatu zvakanyorwa muna 466, zvichiratidza kuwedzera kwe2022% kubva mugore rapfuura. Nekudaro, Austria yakashuma zviitiko zvishoma zvekuba, zvichipa kubudirira kwayo kune matanho ekutanga.
Makambani echitima akaita nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa nyaya iyi, kusanganisira kuwedzeredzwa kushanda pamwe nevemutemo, kuongorora kweCCTV, uye kushandiswa kwemadrones kuitira kuchengetedzwa kwakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, tekinoroji yeDNA yakabuda senzira inovimbisa, ichibvumira zviremera kutsvaga mhangura yakabiwa ichidzokera kwairi.
Kunyangwe kuderera kwenyaya dzekuba mumakore gumi apfuura, kukwira kwemitengo ichangoburwa mumitengo yemhangura kwakasimudza kushushikana pakati pevashandi vezvitima. Vaongorori vanofanotaura kumwe kuwedzera kwemutengo, kunokurudzirwa nekukura kuri kuda kubva kune renewable energy sector, iyo inovimba zvakanyanya nemhangura yezvivakwa zvayo.
Kuenderera mberi kwekutyisidzira kwekubirwa kwemhangura kunopa matambudziko makuru kune network yezvitima yeEurope, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwemari.
Nekudaro, nekuenderera mberi kwekudyara mumatanho ekuchengetedza uye zvigadziriso zvitsva, makambani echitima anoramba aine tarisiro yekudzikamisa kukanganisa kwembavha uye kuderedza kuvhiringika kwevafambi.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- Mhangura isimbi inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuitisa kwayo mukupisa nemagetsi, pamwe chete nemaaloyi akasiyana senge sterling sirivheri uye cupronickel.
- Sezvo mutengo wemhangura unotarisirwa kuwedzera mumakore anotevera, vashandi vezvitima vari kuwedzera dziviriro yavo.
- Belgium zvakare yakasangana nekuwedzera kwekubiwa kwemhangura, nezviitiko mazana mana nemakumi matanhatu nenhanhatu zvakanyorwa muna 466, zvichiratidza kuwedzera kwe2022% kubva pagore rapfuura.
