Kunyange makore makumi mashanu apfuura, hapana angadai akafunga kuti kufambidzana kwaizoitika paInternet, uye kwete mumugwagwa, uye zvingaita kugadzirisa masvomhu mabasa uchishandisa kombiyuta. Izvi zvinoshandawo kuzvitupa zvedu. Digital mapasipoti anoita kuti hupenyu hwedu huve nyore uye kutiponesa nguva. Kuti tinzwisise nyaya iyi, ngatitangei kunzwisisa kuti pasipoti yedhijitari chii.
Chii chinonzi Digital Passport
A pasipoti yedhijitari igwaro rinopa kodzero yekubuda munyika ichienda kune dzimwe nyika. Passport yedhijitari inosiyana neyakajairika nekuti ine yakakosha chip yakaiswa mairi ine maviri-dimensional mufananidzo wemuridzi wayo, pamwe nedata rake: zita rekupedzisira, zita rekutanga, patronymic, zuva rekuzvarwa, nhamba yepasipoti, zuva rekubudiswa uye kupera.
Sei zviri nyore, unobvunza. Icho chokwadi chekuti iwe haufanire kumira mumutsara kwemaawa akati wandei pakutonga pasipoti nepo mushandi achitarisa ruzivo rwese nezvemunhu.
Uye zvakare, zvigunwe zvako zvichaiswa mupasipoti yedhijitari, kana kuti mune chip iri mudhijitari pasipoti. Ndokunge, kana paine mibvunzo, haufanirwe kuenda kuburikidza nekureba kwekuzivikanwa kwechokwadi.
Kune nyika nhatu pasi rose dzine mapasipoti edhijitari inofanira kuenzana nedzimwe nyika: Finland (2017), Norway (2018), United Kingdom (2020).
Sei mapasipoti enyika idzi achifanira kuenzana nedzimwe nyika? Nokuti vakawana chivimbo panyaya yekuchengeteka. Pamwe chete neizvi, vanosangana 4 zvinodiwa:
- Kugara kugadziridzwa kwemapasipoti ekufambisa edhijitari;
- Kugadziridza kune nzira dzekudzivirira, izvo zvinoreva kunyange zvirinani kuchengetedzwa kubva kune fake uye kurasikirwa kweruzivo rwemunhu;
- Iko kuiswa kwe microprocessor, kuvonga izvo zvakakwana kuti iwe upfuure nedhijitari yekufambisa pasipoti kuburikidza negedhi rakakosha;
- Tekinoroji yakavimbika uye dhizaini yakajeka.
Pamusoro pe, Finland inoronga kuti ive nyika yekutanga pasi rose kubvumidza vagari vayo kufamba vasina pasipoti yepepa zvachose. Izvo zvichave zvakakwana kuva nefoni yebasa newe uye application yakaiswa pairi, uko kopi yepasipoti yako yekufambisa ichawanikwa.
Inguva yakareba sei Digital Passport Yakapihwa?
Biometric pasipoti, senge pasipoti yenguva dzose, inopihwa kwenguva yemakore gumi, mushure meiyo inofanirwa kutsiviwa. Zviri pachena kuti kana vhiza-yemahara hutongi husina kuunzwa kwese kwese, uye iwe uchifamba zvakanyanya, ungangofanira kuichinja kare - kana mapeji evisa uye zvitambi zvekuyambuka muganhu zvinopera.
Vana mapasipoti edhijitari anoda kuchinjwa kakawanda (kamwe chete makore mana), zvese nekuda kwekuti vana vanochinja nekukurumidza.
Kunyange zvazvo zvinoenderanawo nemitemo yenyika.
Kuti uite pasipoti yedhijitari, iwe unozodawo mufananidzo. Edza kutsvaga yepedyo pasipoti mifananidzo booth online.
Digital Passports Munyika Yose
Esitoniya
Estonia yakatanga kuburitsa mapasipoti edhijitari muna 2007. Munguva iyi, mapasipoti edhijitari muEstonia akavandudza uye akawedzera kuchengeteka.
Republic of Belarus
MuBelarus, batch yekuedzwa yemapasipoti edhijitari yakapihwa kumashure muna 2012, asi kupihwa kune vagari kwakatanga muna 2021 chete.
Chinyorwa chakakosha ndechekuti mapasipoti ekare haadi kudzoserwa. Zvichakwanisika kuva nevaviri.
Ukireni
MuUkraine, zvinhu zvakakurumidza kukurumidza kupfuura muBelarus, chirongwa chacho chakaiswa mberi kuti chiongororwe muna 2012. Uye yakapinda musimba kare muna 2014. Muna 2015, kuchinja kubva pamapasipoti akajairika kusvika kune digital akatanga.
Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Russian Federation
Nyika nhatu idzi dzakatanga kuburitsa mapasipoti edhijitari panguva imwe chete pakati pa2009 na2011.
USA
Digital mapasipoti haana kuwana mukurumbira wakawanda muAmerica. Vanhu vazhinji vanotya kutonga kwakazara kwehurumende pamusoro pevanhu. Zvakare, kufarirwa kudiki kwemapasipoti edhijitari kwakakonzerwa nekuti haufanire kuve nepasipoti newe muAmerica, rezinesi rekutyaira rakakwana. Uye kunze kwenyika, maAmerican anobhururuka pamapepa akajairwa mapasipoti.
Digital mapasipoti anewo: Latvia, Mongolia, Moldova, Poland, Israel, Pakistan, nezvimwe.
Sezvauri kuona, mapasipoti edhijitari achiri kufarirwa nhasi. Sezvo isu tichigara tichimhanya pane imwe nzvimbo, mapasipoti edhijitari anotiponesa nguva yedu. Kutenda kwavari, isu hatifanirwe kumira mumakiromita-refu mitsetse panhandare dzendege, nezvimwe.
Ramangwana reDigital Passports
Nyaya huru yagara iri kuchengeteka.
Anenge makore gumi nemashanu apfuura, hurumende dzepasi rese dzakativimbisa kuti pasipoti yedhijitari haigone kunyengedzwa. Uye vakakanganisa kana kunyepa. Mushure mezvose, mumwe musayendisiti kubva kuHolland akakwanisa kuzviita. Mapasipoti maviri edhijitari evanhu varipo chaizvo akatorwa sehwaro hwekuyedza, uye data ravo rakatsiviwa nedata regandanga Hiba Darghmeh, uye Osama bin Laden akava munhu wechipiri.
Kuedza uku kwakaitwa kuitira kuratidza kusagadzikana kwemapasipoti edhijitari.
Pasina kupokana, tinogona kutaura kuti kubvira panguva iyoyo nyika yakafambira mberi.
Makore mashoma ega ega, iyo biometric pasipoti yekuchengetedza system inovandudzwa uye inovandudzwa. Pamwe chete neizvi, mapasipoti edhijitari ari kuwana mukurumbira wakakura. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, nokuti zviri nyore. Panzvimbo pokumira mumutsetse wakareba. Iwe unogona kuenda kune yakaparadzana cheki-mudhesiki, pasipoti yako inoongororwa uye mukati memaminitsi mashoma data rese rinozosimbiswa.
Hatizivi zvichaitika mumakore gumi. Isu tinogona kungofungidzira kuti kuzivikanwa isu tichangoda foni uye yakanyatsoiswa application ine QR kodhi kana kungoita nepasipoti yako yakaongororwa. Iye zvino zvinosungirwa kutora mufananidzo wepasipoti, asi ndiani anoziva, zvichida mune ramangwana hazvizove zvakakosha.
