DNA uye CT scan yekuongorora amai vedzinza rechigumi nesere Farao Tutankhamun (kare 18-1333 BC) uye yezvichemo zvinozivikanwa kana kuti zvinotendwa senhengo dzemhuri yake zvakaburitsa humbowo hutsva hunoshamisa hwedzinza ramambo wechidiki uye chikonzero cherufu. . Imwe mhedzisiro yekudzidza kutsva, umo ongororo yeDNA yakakwanisa kushandiswa zvinobudirira pamamumi ekare eEgypt kekutanga, ndeyekuti mhamha dzinoverengeka dzaisambozivikanwa dzinogona kupihwa mazita. Zvidzidzo izvi zvakaitwa nevasayendisiti vekuEgypt uye vadzidzisi vepasi rose sechikamu cheTutankhamun Project, pasi pehutungamiri hwaDr. Zahi Hawass. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvakabudiswa neJAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association, mune yavo February 1323, 17, edition (Volume 2010, no. 303).
Mhedziso huru dzakaitwa neboka ndedzekuti baba vaTutankhamun vaive mambo “munyengeri”, Akhenaten, ane muviri wake zvino wanyatsozivikanwa naamai kubva kuKV 55 muMupata weMadzimambo. Amai vake, avo vasati vazivikanwa nezita, ndiye "Mukadzi Mudiki" akavigwa muguva reAmenhotep II (KV 35). Amai ve "Mukadzi Mukuru" kubva muguva rimwe chete vanogona kuzivikanwa sambuya vaTutankhamun, Mambokadzi Tiye. Chiedza chitsva chakadururwa pamusoro pechikonzero chekufa kweTutankhamun nekuwanikwa kweDNA kubva kuparasite inokonzera marariya; zvingangove kuti mambo wechidiki akafa nezvinetso zvakakonzerwa nechimiro chakakomba chechirwere ichi.
Kuongorora kwekutanga kwakaitwa murabhoritari yeDNA ichangobva kuvakwa paEgyptian Museum, Cairo yakatsaurirwa kuDNA yekare; izvi zvakapihwa kuchirongwa neDiscovery. Mhando mbiri dzekuongorora kweDNA dzakaitwa pamasampuli akatorwa kubva kumapfupa emummies aya: kuongororwa kwezvinyorwa zveDNA yenyukireya kubva kuY chromosome, iyo inopfuudzwa kubva kuna baba kuenda kumwanakomana, kudzidza mutsara webaba; uye genetic fingerprinting kubva ku autosomal DNA ye nuclear genome iyo isingasarudze zvakananga bonde remunhu. Kuti mhedzisiro yeDNA ive yechokwadi, ongororo dzakadzokororwa uye dzakadzokororwa dzakazvimiririra murabhoritari yeDNA ichangobva kugadzirirwa inoshandirwa neboka rakasiyana revashandi. Iwo maCT scans akaitwa neinotakurika multi-slice CT unit C130 KV, 124-130 ms, 014-3 mm slice ukobvu, Siemens Somatom Emotion 6 yakapihwa kupurojekiti neSiemens neNational Geographic Society.
Zvose Y-chromosome kuongorora uye genetic fingerprinting zvakaitwa zvinobudirira, uye zvakabvumira kusikwa kwechizvarwa chechizvarwa chevashanu kumambo wechidiki. Ongororo iyi inonyatsoratidza kuti baba vaTutankhamun ndivo vaive amai vakawanikwa muKV 55. Chirongwa cheCT scan chemummy uyu chinopa makore ekufa ari pakati pe45 ne55 kuna amai ava, zvichiratidza kuti amai ava (vaimbofungidzirwa kuti vakafa pakati pemakore ekuberekwa. 20 uye 25) inenge iine Akhenaten pachake, sezvo uchapupu hweEgyptological kubva muguva hwakagara huchitaura. Mukutsigira mutsara uyu, DNA inotsvagawo mutsara wakananga kubva kuTutankhamun kuburikidza neKV 55 mummy kusvika kuna baba vaAkhenaten Amenhotep III. DNA inoratidza kuti amai veKV 55 mummy ndivo "Elder Lady" kubva kuKV 35. Amai ava mwanasikana waYuya naTjuya, uye nokudaro vakanyatsozivikanwa saAmenhotep III's great queen Tiye.
Imwe mhedzisiro yakakosha kubva kuongororo yeDNA ndeyekuti "Mukadzi Mudiki" kubva kuKV 35 akaonekwa zvakanaka saamai vaTutankhamun. Basa racho harisati rakwanisa kumuziva nezita, kunyange zvazvo zvidzidzo zveDNA zvinoratidzawo kuti akanga ari mwanasikana waAmenhotep III naTiye uye nokudaro hanzvadzi yaAkhenaten izere. Saka sekuru nasekuru vaTutankhamun vega pamativi ese ababa naamai vake, vaive Amenhotep III naTiye.
Vana vaviri vainge vaberekwa vakafa vakawanikwa vakakuvadzwa mukamuri reguva raTutankhamun. Kuongorora kwekutanga kweDNA kunotsigira kutenda kweEgypt kuti ava vaive vana vamambo mudiki. Ongororo iyi yakurudzirawo amai vanozivikanwa saKV21A, mukadzi wehumambo uyo aisazivikanwa zvachose, saamai vangangove vevana ava uye nekudaro semukadzi waTutankhamun, Ankhsenamun.
Iyo purojekiti yakadzidza maCT scans emhuri nekuchenjerera kuti atarise matambudziko akagarwa nhaka, akadai seMarfan syndrome uye gynecomastia/craniosynostoses syndromes, izvo zvakambonyorwa zvichibva pane zvinomiririra muEgypt art. Hapana humbowo hwakawanikwa kune chero chezvirwere izvi, saka magungano ehunyanzvi akateverwa neAmarna nguva yemhuri yehumambo angangodaro akasarudzwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvechitendero nezvematongerwo enyika.
Imwe mhedzisiro yakakosha yezvidzidzo zveDNA yaive kuwanikwa kwezvinhu kubva kuPlasmodium falciparum, iyo protozoon inokonzera marariya, mumuviri weTutankhamun. Iyo CT scan yakaratidzawo kuti mambo aive netsoka yakaremara, yakakonzerwa neavascular bone necrosis. Chirongwa ichi chinotenda kuti kufa kwaTutankhamun kungangove kwakakonzerwa nemarariya pamwe nebumbiro rake risina simba. The CT scan yaFarao yakambosimbisa kuvapo kwekutyoka kusina kuporeswa mubhonzo rekuruboshwe ramambo; boka rinofungidzira kuti kusasimba kwamambo kungave kwakonzera kuwa, kana kuti kuwa kwakanetesa chimiro chake chomuviri changa chatoneta.
