DAR ES SALAAM (eTN) - Tanzania iri kucherechedza mwedzi uno chiitiko chakakosha chekuchengetedzwa kwemhuka dzesango uye zvisikwa mushure mehafu yezana ramakore rekuvambwa kwemapaki maviri ane mukurumbira evashanyi muAfrica, Serengeti National Park neNgorongoro Conservation Area.
Maererano nemapaki maviri, ayo akasiyana muAfrica, vanochera matongo vari kupemberera pakati pemwedzi uno makore makumi mashanu ekuwanikwa kwedehenya remunhu wekutanga, iro rinotendwa kuti ndiro rekare munhoroondo yekuchera matongo yenyika.
Mukati meNgorongoro Conservation Area mune Olduvai Gorge, uko Dr. naMai Leakey vakawana masara eAustralopithecus boisei ('Zinjanthropus') neHomo habilis ane makore miriyoni 1.75 ayo anoratidza kuti rudzi rwevanhu rwakatanga kushanduka munzvimbo iyi.
Nzvimbo mbiri dzepaleontological uye nzvimbo dzekuchera matongo munyika yose, Olduvai Gorge uye Laetoli Footprint site paNgarusi inowanikwa mukati meNgorongoro Conservation Area. Zvimwe zvakakosha zvakawanikwa zvichawanikwa munzvimbo iyi.
Serengeti National Park pasina mubvunzo inzvimbo inozivikanwa kwazvo yemhuka dzesango pasi rose, isingaenzaniswi nerunako rwayo rwechisikigo uye kukosha kwesainzi. Nemhara dzinopfuura mamiriyoni maviri, hafu yemirioni yemhara yaThomson, uye chikamu chimwe muzvina chemirioni yembizi, ine mhuka dzomubani dzakawanda zvikurusa muAfrica. Mhungu nembizi zvakare zvinoumba nyeredzi yezvinoshamisa zvinoshamisa - gore negore Serengeti migration.
Vafambi havasi ivo voga vanodirana kuti vaone mhuka neshiri dzeSerengeti. Yakava nzvimbo inokosha yekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi. Muna 1959, musayendisiti wezvakasikwa weGermany, purofesa Bernhard Grzimek, nomwanakomana wake, Michael, vakaita basa rokupayona munzvero dzomuchadenga dzemhuka dzomusango. Yavo yakaguma neyakatengeswa zvakanyanya "Serengeti Isingafe" uye akati wandei mafirimu akaita Serengeti zita remhuri. Zvakawanda zvino zvinozivikanwa nezvesimba reSerengeti kupfuura chero imwe ecosystem pasi rose.
Vanhu vechiMaasai vanga vachifudza zvipfuwo zvavo mumapani avanoti “bani risingagumi” kwemakore anopfuura mazana maviri. Serengeti inosvika 200 makiromita, yakakura seNorthern Ireland.
Nekuziva kuri kuwedzera kudiwa kwekuchengetedza, Serengeti yakawedzerwa uye yakakwidziridzwa kuva paki yenyika muna 1951. Makore masere gare gare, Ngorongoro Conservation Area yakatangwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva sechikamu chakaparadzana, uye yakapa mapaki maviri aya chimiro chayo chazvino. anotungamira mapaki evashanyi muTanzania neAfrica nhasi.
Nzvimbo iyi ndiyo inotangira imwe ye "zvishamiso zvenyika" inonzi "The Serengeti year migration." Nechokunopera kwaChivabvu apo huswa hunooma uye hwapera, mbira dzinotanga kuwanda mumauto makuru.
Nhasi, Serengeti National Park, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, uye Maasai Mara Game Reserve, iyo iri mhiri kwemuganhu muKenya, inochengetedza muunganidzwa mukuru uye wakasiyana-siyana wemhuka dzepanyika dziri panyika uye imwe yenzira dzekupedzisira dzekutama dzichiripo. .
Serengeti ibwe rinokosha munzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa dzeTanzania, idzo pamwe chete dzinoumba chikamu che14 muzana chenzvimbo yepasi yenyika, chinyorwa chekuchengetedza icho chisingaenzaniswi nedzimwe nyika shoma.
Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) yakatorwa kubva kuSerengeti National Park muna 1959 kuburikidza nekuedza kwemutemo. Zvikonzero zvikuru zvakakonzera kuparadzaniswa kwenzvimbo mbiri dzakadzivirirwa zvaive nekuda kwekuda kusingawirirane pakati pezvido zvevanhu (kunyanya vaMaasai) uye zvinodiwa zvezviwanikwa. VaMaasai ndivo vega vanhu vanobvumirwa kufamba vakasununguka munzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka nemombe dzavo.
Iyo ine mukurumbira pasi rose, Ngorongoro inzvimbo yeUnited Nations yakasarudzwa yeWorld Heritage Site uye International Biosphere Reserve. Ngorongoro inotsigira kuwanda kwemhuka dzesango mugore rose uye ine huwandu hunoonekwa hwezvipembere zvitema zvasara muTanzania. NCA ine mhuka huru dzinopfuura 25,000-pamwe chete, dzimwe dzinoti zvipembere zvitema, nzou, mhashu, mvuu, mbizi, twiza, nyati, mhara neshumba.
Masango ari munzvimbo dzakakwirira anoumba nzvimbo inokosha inocheresa mvura kunharaunda dzekurima dzakavakidzana uyewo anoumba nzvimbo yemvura pasi peLake Manyara National Park iri kumabvazuva.
Iyo yakawanda yekushandiswa kwevhu ndiyo imwe yekutanga kuvambwa pasi rose uye inotevedzerwa pasi rose senzira yekuyananisa budiriro yevanhu pamwe nekuchengetedza zviwanikwa.
Purofesa Grzimek, uyo makore 50 apfuura akanyora ndokuzivisa kuti “Serengeti Haingafi,” iri kuzorora nokusingagumi pamucheto weNgorongoro Crater, kunze kwomwanakomana wake Michael.
Vaviri vane mukurumbira vekuGermany vanochengetedza mhuka vanorangarirwa mwedzi uno nerubatsiro rwakatanhamara munhoroondo yekuchengetedza mhuka dzesango muTanzania uye zvigadzirwa zviviri izvo nyika inodada kuona nhasi-Serengeti neNgorongoro.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- Nhasi, Serengeti National Park, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, uye Maasai Mara Game Reserve, iyo iri mhiri kwemuganhu muKenya, inochengetedza muunganidzwa mukuru uye wakasiyana-siyana wemhuka dzepanyika dziri panyika uye imwe yenzira dzekupedzisira dzekutama dzichiripo. .
- Maererano nemapaki maviri, ayo akasiyana muAfrica, vanochera matongo vari kupemberera pakati pemwedzi uno makore makumi mashanu ekuwanikwa kwedehenya remunhu wekutanga, iro rinotendwa kuti ndiro rekare munhoroondo yekuchera matongo yenyika.
- Tanzania is marking this month a milestone anniversary on wildlife and nature conservation after half a century of the establishment of two famous tourist parks in Africa, the Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Conservation Area.
