Mafaira eHomeland Security pane vafambi - ruzivo runobatsira kana kutambisa nguva kukuru (uye mari yevateresi)?

Iyo envelope chena yakawandisa yaive neblue logo yeDhipatimendi reHomeland Security. Mukati, ndakawana mafotokopi makumi maviri ezvinyorwa zvehurumende panzendo dzangu dzekunze kwenyika. Rwendo rwese rwemhiri kwemakungwa rwandakatora kubva 20 rwakaonekwa.

Ndakanga ndakumbira mafaira pashure pokunge ndanzwa kuti hurumende inoronda “zvinoitika zvavanhu.” Kutanga pakati pemakore ekuma1990, ndege zhinji dzakapa marekodhi evatakuri. Kubva 2002, hurumende yakaraira kuti ndege dzekutengesa dziunze ruzivo urwu nguva nenguva uye nemagetsi.

Rekodhi yevatyairi inowanzo sanganisira zita remunhu ari kufamba, zita remunhu akaendesa ruzivo panguva yekuronga rwendo, uye ruzivo rwekuti tikiti rakatengwa sei, maererano nemagwaro akaburitswa neDhipatimendi reHomeland Security. Zvinyorwa zvinogadzirirwa vagari uye vasiri vagari vanoyambuka miganhu yedu. Mumiririri anobva kuU.S. Customs uye Border Protection anogona kugadzira nhoroondo yekufamba kune chero mufambi ane makiyi mashoma pacomputer. Vakuru vakuru vanoshandisa mashoko acho kudzivirira ugandanga, utsotsi hwakarongwa, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvisiri pamutemo.

Ndakanga ndichida kuziva kuti chii chiri mugwaro rangu rekufamba, saka ndakaita Rusununguko rweRuzivo Act (FOIA) chikumbiro chekopi.

Chakanyanya kundishamisa ndechekuti Internet Protocol (I.P.) kero yekombuta yakashandiswa kutenga matikiti angu kuburikidza neWebhu agency yakacherechedzwa. Pamufananidzo wekutanga wegwaro rakatumirwa pano, ndakatenderedza mutsvuku iyo I.P. kero yekombuta yakashandiswa kutenga matikiti angu endege.

(Kero yeI.P. inopihwa komputa yese iri paInternet. Pese painotumira e-mail—kana kuti inoshandiswa kutenga ichishandisa Web browser — inofanira kuratidza I.P. kero yayo, inoratidza nzvimbo yayo.)

Rimwe faira rangu raiva nemashoko ekufamba kwandainge ndapihwa, mari yandakabhadhara matikiti, uye nhandare dzendege dzandakapfuura nepamhiri kwemakungwa. Nhamba yekadhi rangu rechikwereti haina kunyorwa, uye pakanga pasina chero mahotera andakashanyira. Muzviitiko zviviri, ruzivo rwekutanga rwekuziva nezvemumwe wangu wekufamba (ayo tikiti yaive chikamu chekutenga kwakafanana neyangu) akaiswa mufaira. Zvichida ruzivo irworwo rwakasanganisirwa nekukanganisa.

Zvimwe zvikamu zvemagwaro angu zvakasvibiswa nemumwe mukuru. Sezvingabvira, ruzivo urwu rwune zvinhu zvakakamurwa nekuti zvaizoburitsa mukati mekushanda kwemutemo.

Heino kuderera kwezvinyorwa.

Ndege dzekutengesa dzinotumira marekodhi evatakuri kuCustoms uye Border Protection, sangano riri mukati meDhipatimendi reHomeland Security. Makomputa anofananidza ruzivo nedatabase yemadhipatimendi emubatanidzwa, senge Treasury, Agriculture, uye Homeland Security. Makomputa anoburitsa hukama pakati pemagandanga aizivikanwa uye asina kuzivikanwa kare kana vafungidziri vehugandanga, pamwe nefungidziro kana kusarongeka kwekufamba. Rumwe ruzivo urwu rwunobva kuhurumende dzekunze nevemasangano anochengetedza mutemo. Idzi data zvakare rakapikiswa neveAmerican state neveko vezvemitemo venzvimbo, vari kutevera vanhu vane waranti yekusungwa kana vari pasi pekurambidzwa. Mashoko aya anoshandiswa kwete chete kurwisa hugandanga asiwo kudzivirira nekurwisa zviito zveutsotsi hwakarongwa nezvimwe zviitiko zvisiri pamutemo.

Vakuru vanoshandisa ruzivo urwu kubatsira kusarudza kana mutyairi achifanira kuve nekuwedzera kuongororwa. Nyaya iripo: Mushure menzendo dzemhiri kwemakungwa, ndakamira mumitsetse munzvimbo dzekutarisa dzemuUS uye pasipoti yangu yakatsvaira uye faira rangu remagetsi rakaongororwa. Nguva shoma, chimwe chinhu murekodhi rangu chakakurudzira mapurisa kundidhonzera kune imwe imba yepadivi, kwandakambobvunzwa mimwe mibvunzo. Dzimwe nguva ndaifanira kujekesa mavambo asipo. Dzimwe nguva, ndinoendeswa kuongororo yechipiri. (Ndakambonyora nezveizvi kare.)

Iyi yekuunganidza data yemagetsi yakatanga riini? Muna 1999, US Customs and Border Protection (yaizivikanwa panguva iyoyo seU.S. Customs Service) yakatanga kugamuchira ruzivo rwekuzivikanwa kwevafambi nemagetsi kubva kune vamwe vatakuri vemhepo nekuzvidira, kunyange zvazvo mamwe mapepa akagoverwa zvisati zvaitika. Iyo inosungirwa, yega yega chirongwa yakatanga makore matanhatu apfuura. Congress inopa mari iyi Automated Targeting System's Passenger Screening Programme inosvika mamiriyoni makumi matatu emadhora pagore.

Mashoko ako akachengeteka zvakadii? Mitemo inorambidza vakuru vakuru kugovera marekodhi emufambi chero upi zvake - kana kuongororwa kwengozi yehurumende kune chero mufambi - nendege kana makambani akazvimirira. Chinyorwa chinochengetwa kwemakore 15—kunze kwokunge chakabatanidzwa nenzvero, muchiitiko icho chinogona kuchengetwa nokusingaperi. Makomputa eAgency haavhare data, asi vakuru vakuru vanosimbirira kuti mamwe matanho - emuviri nemagetsi - achengetedze marekodhi edu.

Ini ndinoshamisika kana iyo hurumende yekuunganidza data yakakosha uye inofanirwa kuzadzisa chinangwa chesangano mukuchengetedza miganhu yedu. Huwandu hwedata hwakaunganidzwa, uye mwero wekuti marekodhi ari kukura uye kugoverwa nevakuru munyika yose, zvinoratidza kuti mukana wekushandiswa zvisizvo unogona kukwira kubva mumaoko. Vamwe vangashamisika kana kuedza kwacho kuchibudirira. Semuenzaniso, ndakabvunza nyanzvi yezvekuchengetedza Bruce Schneier Schneider nezve kuedza kweFed kuteedzera zviitiko zvevatyairi, uye akapindura ne-e-mail:

“Ndinofunga kutambisa nguva. Pane ngano iyi yekuti tinogona kutora magandanga kubva muboka revanhu dai takangoziva rumwe ruzivo. "

Nekune rimwe divi, vamwe vanhu vangazviona zvichinyaradza kuti hurumende iri kushandisa tekinoroji kuchengetedza miganhu yedu.

Ah, chimwezve chinhu: Marekodhi ako akakodzera kuona here? Zvimwe kwete, kunze kwekunge wanga uchisangana nedambudziko rekuyambuka miganhu yenyika yedu. Chimwe chinhu, zvinyorwa zvacho zvishoma. Mufaira rangu, semuenzaniso, vakuru vakuru vakadzima (zvichida) zvikamu zvinonyanya kufadza, zvaive zvekuti vakuru vakuru vakaongorora sei njodzi yangu. Zvakare, zvinyorwa zvinonyanya kuganhurirwa kune ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa nevakuru vendege uye pasipoti, saka pamwe haungashamiswe nechero chaunoverenga mavari. Pakupedzisira, panogona kuva nemari. Kunyange zvazvo pakanga pasina muripo kwandiri pandakakumbira marekodhi angu, waigona kubhadharisa mari inosvika madhora makumi mashanu kana paine kunetsa kuwana marekodhi ako. Ehe, kune mutengo kune vateresi uye kune yedu yekuchengetedza zviwanikwa pese kana chikumbiro chaiswa, zvakare.

Zvisinei, kana iwe uri kuvharirwa pamuganhu kana kana iwe uchifungidzira dambudziko nemarekodhi ako, saka nenzira dzose kumbira kopi. U.S. Customs uye Border Protection inodiwa nemutemo kuti marekodhi ako awanikwe kwauri, kunze kwezvimwe. Chikumbiro chako chinofanira kunyorwa papepa uye chisainwe newe. Bvunza kuti uone "ruzivo rwune chekuita neni muAutomated Targeting System." Iti chikumbiro chako "chakaitwa maererano neMutemo weRusununguko rweRuzivo, sezvakagadziridzwa (5 U.S.C. 552)." Wedzera kuti unoda kuti kopi yemarekodhi ako agadzirwe uye atumirwe kwauri usina kutanga waaongorora. Tsamba yako inofanira, sezviri pachena, kupa ruzivo rwakakwana kuitira kuti mukuru mukuru awane rekodhi yako. Saka ipa nhamba yako yepasipoti uye kero yekutumira. Isa zuva pane tsamba yako uye ita kopi yezvinyorwa zvako. Pahamvuropu yako, unofanira kunyatso dhinda mazwi ekuti "FOIA Chikumbiro." Inofanira kunyorerwa ku“Freedom of Information Act Request,” U.S. Customs Service, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20229. Iva nemwoyo murefu. Ndakanga ndamirira kwerinosvika gore kuti ndigamuchire kopi yemarekodhi angu. Zvino kana uchitenda kuti pane kukanganisa murekodhi yako, kumbira kugadziriswa nekunyorera tsamba kuCustomer Satisfaction Unit, Office of Field Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Room 5.5C, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20229