Coney Island payakaenda ichibva kunzvimbo yejecha muBrooklyn ichienda kunhandare yemahombekombe yeguta kuma1880, ese marudzi ezvinonakidza akabuda. Paive nedzimba dzekumwa doro, ma roller coasters, anonzi "ma freak show" uye imwe-ye-ye-mhando gaudy chimiro inozivikanwa seElephantine Colossus. Yakavakwa muna 1884 naJames V. Lafferty (1856-1898) uyo aifunga kuti danho rakakura rekuvaka kwaive kugadzira zvivakwa zvine chimiro chemhuka, shiri uye kunyangwe hove. Pakati pemakore gumi nemaviri isati yatsva, hotera yejumbo-saizi muBrooklyn yaizivikanwa seColossus yeArchitecture uye Elephantine Colossus. Chinyorwa che1924 Eagle chinyorwa chakapa kukura kunge 175 tsoka kureba uye 203 tsoka pakureba.
Zvinoenderana ne "Brooklyn… uye Maitiro Akaita Nzira Iyoyo" naDavid W. McCullough (1983), chivakwa ichi chaive nemakamuri evaenzi makumi matatu nenhatu uye chakagadzirwa nematanda aine tini sheathing. Yakanga iine yakareba yakakomberedza tusks uye yakawandisa howdah.
David McCullough akanyora,
“Kuti vasvike kunzvimbo yekucherechedza iri howdah, vatengi vakapinda gumbo rekumashure rakanyorwa kuti Entrance uye vakakuvadza masitepisi ekutenderera. Rimwe gumbo rekumashure - rimwe nerimwe raive nemamita makumi matanhatu kutenderera - ndiko kubuda, uye rimwe remakumbo epamberi raive chitoro chefodya. Usiku, mabhikoni aipenya kubva mumaziso akareba mamita mana. ”
Makumi gumi apfuura, Lafferty ane makore makumi maviri nemashanu akavaka iyo Inexhaustible Cow kuWest Brighton. Ichi chinzvimbo chakakurumbira chakapa zvinwiwa, kubva pamukaka kuenda kumashampeni ,, kune akaomeswa Coney mushanyi huro. Lafferty akayedza pfungwa yake yenzou makore mashoma padyo neAtlantic City ine diki dhizaini yaakadaidza kuti Lucy iye Nzou. Lafferty yakatsigirwa nehupfumi hwemhuri yake uye yaitungamirwa nechiono cherudzi rutsva rwekusimudzira zvivakwa izvo zvaizokwezva tarisiro kumatongo ejecha matongo kwaaitarisira kutengesa nzvimbo dzekuvakira dzimba dzekuvakira.
Atlantic City panguva iyoyo yakanga ichikura nekukurumidza kuita guta reVictorian rezororo rakakomberedza Absecon Lighthouse, chiratidzo chaive chiratidzo cheiyo nzvimbo yegungwa. Lafferty aida kumisikidza imwe inonakidza nzvimbo uye pfungwa yenzvimbo yake nyowani budiriro mu "South Atlantic City." Kuti awane kutariswa neruzhinji uye nepepanhau, akasarudza yaive pfungwa inovhundutsa: chivakwa chakaumbwa kunge mhuka hombe. Kuti unzwisise zvizere Lafferty's feat, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti muma1880s, pfungwa yekumisikidza chimiro chakaumbwa senge mhuka yakanga isinganzwike kunyangwe seinjiniya nyowani matekinoroji uye matekinoroji eanokurumidza maindasitiri zera akaita akaomesesa ekuvaka mapurojekiti theoretically zvinogoneka.
Muna 1881, Lafferty akachengetedza mugadziri kuti agadzire chivakwa chakaumbwa senzou kubva kune yekunze nyika yeBritish Raj yaipembererwa mumagazini enhoroondo anonakidza. Panguva imwe chete achichengetedza gweta repamutemo, Lafferty akatsvakawo kudzivirira chero munhu muUnited States kubva kuvaka zvivakwa zvemhuka kunze kwekunge vamubhadharira mvumo. Vanoongorora maUS Patent Hofisi vakawana Lafferty kuti ive yenhau, nyowani uye yakakosha pfungwa. Muna 1882, vakamupa patent ichimupa kodzero yekuita, kushandisa kana kutengesa zvivakwa zvemhuka kwemakore gumi nemanomwe.
Zvimwe zvakavezwa pane kuveza, kuvakwa kwaLucy kwaisanganisira-kuumba maoko angangoita miriyoni yematanda ematanda kuti agadzire inodiwa mutoro inotsigira ye90-ton dhizaini neheheath yenyundo. Iyo inoshamisa nzou chivakwa, icho chakaunza kuburitswa kwenyika Kuzivikanwa Lafferty kwaitarisirwa, yaive yekutanga pane matatu aakavaka. Iyo hombe — gargantuan, chivakwa chine nhurikidzwa gumi nembiri chakakura zvakapetwa kaviri saLucy - chinonzi "Elephantine Colossus" chakavakwa pakati peConey Island, New York, paki yekuvaraidza. Nzou yechitatu yeLafferty, diki zvishoma kuna Lucy, yaive "Chiedza cheAsia," chakagadzwa senzvimbo yepakati yechimwe chirongwa chekutengesa ivhu cheLafferty muSouth Cape Chivabvu. Colossus akazopisa pasi, akabatwa nemoto musi waGunyana 27, 1896 uye Chiedza cheAsia chakabviswa, ndokusiya Lucy ari iye chete akapona.
Pakazosvika makore ekuma1880, kunyangwe zvivakwa zenzou zvaive zvichikwevera vanhu vazhinji, vaLafferty vakawedzeredza dzimba dzekudyara dzaive dzichirasikirwa nemari. Lucy nenzvimbo dzakakomberedza Absecon Island dzakabatwa dzakatengeswa kunaJohn naSophie Gertzer, avo vaishandisa chivakwa chenjuzu neimwe nzira sekukwezva kwevashanyi, hotera diki, imba yemahombekombe yemahombekombe, brothel uye tavern. Zvichakadaro, "South Atlantic Guta" rakakura kuva nharaunda inobudirira yemahombekombe iyo yakazoshandura zita rayo kuva Margate. Muna 1920, Lucy the Elephant tavern akamanikidzwa kuvhara nekupfuura kweProhibition. Pakadzimwa mutemo iwoyo muna 1933, akabva angoita bhawa zvakare. Muma1950, apo America nyowani yakabuda kubva muHondo Yenyika II kuvaka mawebhusaiti emigwagwa mikuru uye kutora ndege senzira isingadhuri yekufamba kuenda kunzvimbo dzekunze dzekuzorora, Lucy akadzima kubva kuruzhinji rwevanhu ndokuwira mukuipa. Pakazosvika ma1960, akange ari njodzi yenjodzi yeruzhinji yakatemerwa kuputswa.
Muna 1969, pamberi pebhokisi raipwanya, "Save Lucy Committee" yakaumbwa neMargate Civic Association yakatanga makumi maviri emakore ehondo dzeveruzhinji izvo zvakaita kuti Lucy aende kumahombekombe epasi peguta uye ndokudzoreredza chimiro chakasarudzika senzvimbo yenhoroondo uye kukwezva kwevashanyi. . Kubva 1973, mari inokwana yakaunganidzwa mumishandirapamwe yakatsaurirwa ye "Save Lucy" yekudzoreredza hunhu hwekunze nekunze kweiyo 90-ton yehuni-uye-tin pachyderm. Asi kurwa kwekutsvaga mari kunoenderera nanhasi sezvo boka rinoshanda kutsvaga mari yekuwedzera inonyorwa pasi pemitengo isingagumi yekugadzirisa uye kurwisa ngura, kuora uye kunyangwe mheni ichirova chikara chikuru chehuni.
Munyori, Stanley Turkel, ane masimba anozivikanwa uye mupangamazano muindastiri yehotera. Anoshanda muhotera yake, kugamuchira vaeni uye kuita zvehunyanzvi zvine hunyanzvi mukutarisira kweaseti, kuongororwa kwekushanda uye kushanda kwezvibvumirano zvekutengesa zvehotera uye kupihwa rutsigiro. Vatengi varidzi vemahotera, vatengesi uye masangano ekukweretesa. Mabhuku ake anosanganisira: Great American Hoteliers: Mapiyona eiyo Hotel Indasitiri (2009), Yakavakirwa Kupedzisira: 100+ Yemakore-Mahotera Mahara muNew York (2011), Yakavakirwa Kupedzisira: 100+ Makore-Akare Mahotera Kumabvazuva kweMississippi (2013) ), Hotel Mavens: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt naOscar weWaldorf (2014), Great American Hoteliers Vhoriyamu 2: Mapiyona eiyo Hotera Indasitiri (2016), nebhuku rake nyowani, Yakavakirwa Kupedzisira: 100+ Gore -Old Hotels West of the Mississippi (2017) - inowanikwa mune hardback, mapepa, uye Ebook fomati - umo Ian Schrager akanyora muzita rekutanga: "Iri bhuku chairo rinopedzisa trilogy ye182 hotera nhoroondo dzechinyakare zvivakwa zvemakamuri makumi mashanu kana kupfuura… "Ndinonzwa nemoyo wese kuti chikoro chese chemuhotera chinofanira kuve nemaseti emabhuku aya uye nekuaita kuti averengere vadzidzi vavo nevashandi."
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