Ndege yakachengeteka zvakadii?

Hatifungi zvakanyanya nezvekuchengetedzwa kwendege munyika ino. Pave neanopfuura gore uye 11 miriyoni nendege kubva pakaitika tsaona yekupedzisira ine chekuita nendege huru yeU.S. Asi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi kuchengetedzwa kwendege hakuwanzo kupihwa. Kana ukafamba mhiri kwemakungwa unogona kuzviwana uchibhururuka nendege yausingazivi, kana kuti zvakatonyanya, zita raunoziva nekuti iyo ndege yakagadzira nhau dzemusoro netsaona inotyisa.
Vanhu vanowanzondibvunza kana imwe ndege yakachengeteka kubhururuka uye nehuwandu hukuru hwendege itsva pasi rose zviri kuramba zvichinetsa kuziva maitiro ekuchengetedza uye rekodhi yeimwe ndege. Ruzivo rwekuchengetedzwa kwendege runowanikwa paInternet kubva kune akati wandei pamutemo masosi. Iyo Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inochengetedza runyorwa rwenyika dzisingazadzise mwero wekuchengetedza wakatarwa neInternational Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). Asi runyoro urwu runoshanda chete kunyika dzine ndege dzinotsvaga kodzero dzekumhara dzeUS uye haisiyanise maitiro ekuchengetedza ndege dzega.

European Union (EU) inochengetedza rondedzero yendege dzakarambidzwa, asi chinyorwa ichi chinopotsa mazana endege dzisingashuvire kushandira EU. Semamiriro ekuva nhengo iyo International Air Transport Association (IATA) inoda kuti vendege vapfuure ongororo yekuchengetedza. Parizvino 190 dzeIATA's 240 nhengo dzendege dzakabudirira kupasa ongororo yekuchengetedzwa kweIATA, asi IATA haisanganisi mazana endege dzinongobhururuka nzira dzepamba dzinosanganisira hofori dzakaita seMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero.

Tsime nyowani, kubva kuIJet Intelligent Risk Systems, inoongorora marekodhi ekuchengetedza uye maitiro endege dzakawanda dzisingabatanidzwe kubva kuEU, FAA, uye IATA zvinyorwa. iJet's Worldcue Airline Monitor (WAM) yakaunganidza dossier pane mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu nendege pasirese kusanganisa nendege dzakawanda diki uye dzepamba. WAM inoramba ichiunganidza data nezvendege yega yega uye inoongorora iyo ndege ichipesana negumi nemana maitiro ekuunganidza mubatanidzwa wekuchengetedza mwero kune yega yega mutakuri.

WAM inoongorora kuumbwa kwezvikepe zvendege uye zera; makore echiitiko chekushanda kwevatakuri; vagadziri vekugadzirisa; kugona uye zvitupa; muridzi uye mamiriro emari endege; mabatiro evatengi; mibatanidzwa; codeshares uye kudyidzana nedzimwe ndege; chero ndege yekumisa ndege mumakore maviri apfuura; pamwe nenhau dzichangoburwa dzendege. WAM zvakare inokonzeresa ICAO certification, IATA kuchengetedzwa kwekuongorora kubvumidzwa, uye EU runyorwa rwendege dzakarambidzwa kupinda muyero yendege yega yega. Ndege dzakatemerwa "inofarirwa" kana "isina-inosarurwa" zvichienderana nechikamu chavo. Parizvino ndege makumi masere neshanu dzinosanganisira WAM's isiri-inofarirwa yendege runyorwa.

Pamakumi masere neshanu endege dzisina kufarirwa, ina dzave kushanda kweasingasviki makore maviri. Ndege itsva inofanirwa kunge iine makore maviri ehunyanzvi hwekushanda nevatyairi kuti ikwanise kuwana mwero waunoda kunyangwe ikapasa kuongororwa kwekuchengetedza uye iine rekodhi redziviriro isina mhosva. Ndege nyowani seSkybus, iyo yakatanga muna 85, ichafanirwa kumirira rimwe gore kuti iwane chinzvimbo chaunoda. Asi WAM yakapa Mhandara America chinzvimbo chaidiwa nekukurumidza nekuda kwekubatana nekambani yemubereki Mhandara.

Pamakumi masere nerimwe endege dzisina kusarudzwa neWAM dzinoshanda kweanopfuura makore maviri, nhamba huru kwazvo (81) iri mudunhu reAsia-Pacific, nenomwe dzendege idzi dziri muIndonesia, zvichitevera tsaona dzinouraya dzakaitika munyika iyoyo. Kune 23 dzisina-inofarirwa ndege muAfrica, gumi nemana muRussia uye Commonwealth of Independent States, uye matanhatu imwe neimwe kuMiddle East, South America, uye Central America/Mexico. Ndege imwe chete muNorth America uye imwe kuWestern Europe ndiyo iri pane isingasarudzwe uye dzese ndege idzi dzakamiswa nekuda kwemari.

Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) mumwe wevatengi gumi veJet vari kushandisa WAM kuongorora njodzi yendege. ADM ine mabasa munyika makumi matanhatu mumakondinendi matanhatu, maererano naMark Cheviron, Mutungamiriri weSecurity and Services. Tichishandisa chigadzirwa chitsva cheJet, "tinogona kuita zvisarudzo zvine ruzivo nezvendege dzipi isu sekambani - uye zvinonyanya kukosha, vashandi vedu - vanosarudza kufamba navo," anodaro Cheviron.

ADM inowanzo shandisa WAM kaviri pasvondo kuongorora nzendo dzepasirese. Nekuda kwekuti WAM inogona kusungirirwa kune yesangano rekufambisa chishandiso chekufambisa, ADM inogamuchirawo zviziviso zveotomatiki pese apo mushandi anonyorera ndege nendege isingafadze.

Kunyangwe WAM ichipa chinzvimbo chakasarudzika kana chisiri-chinofarirwa kundege yega yega, vatengi vanogona kuongorora zvibodzwa zvendege padanho rega rega voita ongororo yavo. Cheviron anoti ADM hairegi kambani yendege kana ikatadza kugutsa imwe yenzira dzakawanda dzekuongorora. “Tinotarisa zvinhu zvakati kuti zvinoita kutsunga ikoko,” anodaro. "Chinozonyanya kutinetsa ndechekuti ndege ikagamuchira zviyero zvenjodzi huru mumapoka akati wandei, kusiyana nekushaya simba mune imwechete kana maviri."

"Kana kambani yendege ichishaya zvitupa, ichimhanyisa ngarava dzekare uye munguva pfupi yapfuura yakave neshanduko dzisina chokwadi muhutungamiriri, ndinofunga kuti inosimudza mireza yakawanda kupfuura kana iyo ndege yakasangana nechiitiko chimwe chete mumakore gumi apfuura," anodaro Cheviron.

Kana mufambi akaronga rwendo pandege isingafadzirwe, boka rekufambisa rekambani yeADM richatsvaga dzimwe nzira dzekufamba kuti dzienderane nehurongwa hwemufambi uye richashanda nemushandi kugadzirisa mafambiro sezvinodiwa.

WAM ndeyekuwedzera kune iJet's Worldcue Travel Risk Management solution, iyo inongorondedzera kutyisidzira kwepasirese uye zviitiko kune mafambiro evafambi kuti avabatsire kudzivirira zvinogona kuoma, sekureva kweMutungamiri weJet, Bruce McIndoe. Mari yegore yekunyoresa ye $ 2,000 inopa vatengi kuwana kusingagumi kuWAM, kana vatove vanyori veWorldcue Travel Risk Management.

"Pamberi pebasa idzva reJET, taivimba nemhando dzakasiyana dze data kuti tigadzire ruzivo nezvendege dzisina mubvunzo," Cheviron akandiudza.

Kunyangwe iine dhatabhesi rakakura rendege mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu, WAM haisati yavhara ndege dzese dzepasirese. Saber Travel Network, inoshandiswa nemasangano mazhinji ekufambisa, inonyora ruzivo rwendege kune anopfuura mazana mana endege. Asi iJet ichawedzera ndege nyowani kuWAM pane chikumbiro chemutengi.

Hongu kunyangwe tsvakiridzo yakadzama haisi vimbiso yetsaona pane chero ndege - pupurira tsaona ichangobva kuitika yeBritish Airways Boeing 777 paHeathrow Airport yeLondon. Asi zvinonzwa zviri nani kuziviswa paunenge uchibhururuka uchienda kunzvimbo iri kure nendege isingazivikanwe.