IATA: Dambudziko repasi rese rekubatanidza mweya rinotyisidzira kugadzirisa hupfumi hwenyika

The International Mhepo Yekufambisa Sangano (IATA) yakaburitsa data inoratidza kuti dambudziko reCCIDID-19 rakakanganisa kudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, richizunza matunhu emaguta akabatana zvikuru pasi rose. 
 

• London, guta rekutanga pasirese rakabatana zvakanyanya munaGunyana 2019, yaona kudzikira kwe67% mukubatana. Pakazosvika Gunyana 2020, yaive yadzika kusvika pasere. 
   
• Shanghai parizvino ndiro guta repamusoro-soro rekubatana nemaguta mana epamusoro akabatana ese muChina — Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou neChengdu. 
   
• New York (-66% inowira mukubatana), Tokyo (-65%), Bangkok (-81%), Hong Kong (-81%) neSeoul (-69%) vose vakabuda mugumi. 
   

Chidzidzo ichi chinoburitsa kuti maguta ane huwandu hukuru hwehukama hwehukama hwave kutonga, zvichiratidza kuti kubatana kwenyika dzese kwakavharwa.

"Kuchinja kunoshamisa kwenzvimbo dzekubatanidza kunoratidza chiyero icho kubatana kwenyika kwakarongedzerwa zvakare mumwedzi yapfuura. Asi chakakosha ndechekuti masaisai haana kusimuka nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwekubatana. Izvo zvakaderera zvachose mumisika yese. Nzvimbo dzakachinja nekuti chiyero chekudzikira chaive chikuru kune mamwe maguta pane mamwe. Iko hakuna vakundi, vamwe vatambi vakakuvara vashoma. Munguva pfupi pfupi takagadzirisa zana rekufambira mberi mukuunza vanhu pamwe nekubatanidza misika. Meseji yatinofanira kutora kubva muchidzidzo ichi idanho rekukasika kuvaka patsva network yezvekufambisa nendege,” akadaro Sebastian Mikosz, Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri Mukuru weIATA anoona nezvehukama hwekunze.

IATA's 76th Annual General Meeting yakadana hurumende kuti dzivhure miganhu zvakachengeteka vachishandisa kuyedza. "Kuyedzwa kwakarongeka kwevafambi ndiyo mhinduro yekukurumidza kuvakazve kubatana kwatakarasa. Tekinoroji iripo. Nhungamiro dzekushandisa dzakagadzirwa. Ikozvino isu toda kuita, kukuvadzwa kweiyo network yekufambisa kwendege kusati kwave kusagadzirisika, "akadaro Mikosz.

Kutakura nendege ndiyo injini huru yehupfumi hwenyika. Munguva dzakajairika mabasa anosvika 88 miriyoni uye madhora 3.5 trillion muGDP inotsigirwa nendege. Inopfuura hafu yeiyi basa uye kukosha kwehupfumi iri panjodzi kubva mukudonha kwepasi rose kudiwa kwekufamba kwendege. “Hurumende dzinofanirwa kuziva kuti kune mibairo mikuru kuhupenyu nemararamiro evanhu. Mabasa anosvika mamiriyoni makumi mana nematanhatu anotsigirwa nezvifambiso zvendege ari munjodzi. Uye kusimba kwekusimbaradza kwehupfumi kubva kuCOVID-46 kuchakanganiswa zvakanyanya pasina rutsigiro rwetiweki inoshanda yekufambisa nendege, "akadaro Mikosz.

IATA's air connectivity index inoyera kuti maguta enyika akanyatsobatana sei nemamwe maguta pasi rose, izvo zvakakosha pakutengeserana, kushanya, kudyara uye kumwe kuyerera kwehupfumi. Chiyero chakaumbwa chinoratidza huwandu hwezvigaro zvinoendeswa kunzvimbo dzinopihwa kubva kunhandare huru dzendege yenyika uye kukosha kwehupfumi kwenzvimbo idzi.

COVID-19 kukanganisa kwekubatana nedunhu (Kubvumbi 2019-Kubvumbi 2020, IATA Yekubatanidza Index chiyero)

Africa yakatambura kuderera kwe93% mukubatana. Ethiopia yakakwanisa kubvisa maitiro. Pakati pekutanga kwedenda muna Kubvumbi 2020, Ethiopia yakachengetedza hukama nenzvimbo makumi masere nemasere ekunze. Misika mizhinji yendege yaivimba nekushanya, seEgypt, South Africa neMorocco, yakakanganiswa zvakanyanya.  

Asia-Pacific yakaona kuderera kwe76% mukubatana. Misika yakasimba yendege yemudzimba, yakaita seChina, Japan neSouth Korea yakaita zvirinani pakati penyika dzakabatana zvakanyanya mudunhu iri. Kunyangwe musika mukuru wendege wepamba, Thailand yakakanganiswa zvakanyanya pamwe nekuda kwekuvimba kwakanyanya kwenyika pakushanya kwenyika. 

Europe vakawana kudonha kwe93% mukubatana. Nyika dzeEurope dzakaona kudzikira kwakanyanya pamisika mizhinji, kunyangwe kubatana kweRussia kwakamira zvirinani kupfuura nyika dzeWestern Europe.

Middle East Nyika dzakaona kubatana kwadzikira ne88%. Kunze kweQatar, mazinga ekubatanidza akaderedzwa neanopfuura 85% kune nyika shanu dzakabatana zvakanyanya mudunhu. Kunyangwe pakavharwa muganho, Qatar yakabvumira vafambi kuti vafambe nepakati nendege. Yakanga iri zvakare hubhu yakakosha yekutakura mhepo.

North America kubatana kwakadzikira 73%. Kubatana kweCanada (-85% kuderera) kwakarohwa zvakanyanya kupfuura United States (-72%). Muchikamu, izvi zvinoratidza musika mukuru wendege wepamba muUnited States, uyo kunyangwe kudzikira kwakanyanya kwevatyairi, wakaramba uchitsigira kubatana. 

Latin America yakatambura kudonha kwe91% mukubatana. Mexico neChile dzakaita zvirinani kupfuura dzimwe nyika dzakabatana zvakanyanya, pamwe nekuda kwenguva yekuvharika kwedzimba munyika idzi uye nekutemerwa kwadzakaitwa. 

Pamberi kwedenda

Pamberi peCOVID-19 denda, kukura kwekubatana kwemhepo yaive nyaya yebudiriro yepasi rose. Mumakumi maviri emakore apfuura huwandu hwemaguta akabatana zvakananga nemhepo (guta-pair kubatana) zvakapetwa kaviri panguva imwecheteyo, mari yekufambisa nendege yakaderera nehafu.

Nyika gumi dzepamusoro dzakabatana pasi rose dzakanyanya kuona kuwedzera kwakakosha mukati menguva ya2014-2019. United States yakaramba iri nyika yakabatana zvakanyanya, nekukura kwe26%. China, panzvimbo yechipiri, yakakura yekubatanidza ne62%. Vamwe vatambi vakatanhamara mugumi vepamusoro vaisanganisira nzvimbo yechina India (+89%) uye yechipfumbamwe Thailand (+ 62%).

Tsvagiridzo yeIATA yakaongorora mabhenefiti ekuwedzera kwekubatana kwemhepo. Mhedzisiro dzakanyanya dzaive:
 

• Kubatana kwakanaka pakati pekubatana uye kubereka. Kukwira kwegumi muzana mukubatana, zvine chekuita neGDP yenyika, kuchawedzera budiriro yevashandi ne10%.
   
• Mhedzisiro yacho yakakura kune nyika dzichiri kusimukira. Kudyara mari mukufambiswa kwendege munyika umo kubatana kwakadzikira kuchava nemhedzisiro yakakura pakubudirira kwavo uye kubudirira kwehupfumi pane imwe nhanho yakafanana yekudyara munyika yakasimukira.
   
• Mari yekushanyirwa inogona kudzoserwa kuumba capital assets. Zvifambiso zvendege zvakabatsira mukuwanisa mikana yemabasa uye nehupfumi hwakawanda kuburikidza nekushanya kunokonzeresa mhedzisiro, kunyanya muzvitsuwa zvidiki. Mumisika yemisika ichiri kusimukira, panogona kunge paine kushomeka kwezvinodiwa, saka mari yekushanya inogona kuzadza mukaha.
   
• Mitero yemitero inowedzera kubva mukusimudzirwa kwezvehupfumi. Kubatana kwemhepo kunofambisa basa rehupfumi uye kukura mune imwe nyika, iyo inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakanaka pamitero yehurumende.