Kubva kune ma microorganisms kuenda ku beluga whales, kudziya kwegungwa kuri kukanganisa marudzi mazhinji uye mhedzisiro yacho iri kubuda kuburikidza ne ecosystems, sezvakatsanangurwa mushumo mutsva weIUCN. Pano, tinotarisa matambudziko anokonzerwa - uye kuti IUCN World Conservation Congress iri kutarisana nayo sei.
Kusvika pari zvino, makungwa akatidzivirira kubva pakukanganisa kwakaipisisa kwemamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nekutora kupisa kwakawanda kunokonzerwa nekubuda kwegasi regreenhouse, uye kutora chikamu chimwe muzvina checarbon dioxide yakaburitswa. Kudziyirwa kwegungwa nekuiswa acidization kunokonzeresa kwakawedzera kune mamwe matambudziko ehupenyu hwemugungwa, sekusvibiswa uye kubata hove zvakanyanya, uye huwandu hwemarudzi mazhinji huri kudzikira kana kushanduka mukupindura.
Zvisikwa zviri kufamba
Maitiro ekugovera emhando dzakadai sepelagic tuna, Atlantic herring uye mackerel, uye maEuropean sprats uye anchovies ari kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma mukupindura kushanduka kwetembiricha yegungwa. Dzimwe hove dziri kufamba makumi kusvika kumazana emakiromita pamakore gumi.
Asi haasi marudzi ose anokwanisa kurarama.
Mukati memakumi matatu emakore apfuura, sezvo pasi richidziya, kuwanda kwekucheneswa kwemakorari kwakawedzera zvakapetwa katatu. MuWestern Australia, nzvimbo dzakakura dzesango rekelp dzakaparadzwa panguva yekupisa kwegungwa. MuSouthern Ocean, kudziya kunofambira mberi kwakabatana nekudzikira kwekrill, nehuwandu hweshiri dzegungwa dzakawanda uye zvisimbiso zvakare zvichidzikira.
Kudziya kwegungwa kunofambisa nhevedzano yezvinokanganisa zvinobatanidza nzanga yevanhu. Nharaunda dzinovimba negungwa kuti dzirarame zuva nezuva - kazhinji nyika dzine urombo dzemahombekombe - dzinogona kurasikirwa zvakanyanya. Hove dzemugungwa, kushanya, kurima kwemvura, kutonga kwenjodzi yemahombekombe uye kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu zvese zviri kutyisidzirwa nekudziya kwegungwa kusanganiswa nekuredza zvakanyanya uye kukura kwevanhu.
Makungwa pamharadzano dzenzira
Chirevo ichi chinokurudzira zvakatevedzana zvezviito zvekugadzirisa izvi zvinokanganisa, zvinosanganisira kudzikisira kuburitswa kweCO2, kusimudzira nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemugungwa, nekuchengetedza makungwa makuru negungwa pasi peMutemo weGungwa uye nekuwedzera World Heritage Convention.
Vatori vechikamu pamusangano weIUCN World Conservation Congress uri kuitika muHonolulu, Hawai'i, vari kushanda kuti vagadzirise mamwe ematambudziko aya.
Vhiki rino, mazana evamiriri vachavhotera pachisungo chekuwedzera nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemugungwa kuitira kuchengetedzwa kwakanaka kwezvipenyu zvemugungwa. Kusiri kure nekwavari kusangana, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument pamhenderekedzo yeHawaii, nzvimbo yeUNESCO World Heritage, yakawedzerwa svondo rapfuura kuti igadzire nzvimbo huru yepasirese yegungwa.
"Ndinovimba zvikuru Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument haichengete zita racho kwenguva yakareba, kuti mumwe munhu achaenda mberi uye kudzivirira zvakanyanya" - Secretary of Interior of US Sally Jewell, achitaura paIUCN Congress yakavhurwa.
Chimwe chisungo chichavhoterwa paIUCN Congress chine chekuita nekufambisira mberi kwekuchengetedza uye kushandiswa kwakasimba kwezvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu mumakungwa makuru, ayo anoita zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemakungwa epasi.
Chikumbiro chekuzadzisa masisitimu anomiririra enzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa muAntarctica neSouthern Ocean ichavhoterwa zvakare.
Kongiresi inotarisirwawo kusarudza pamusoro pemafambisirwo ane chekuita nemaitiro ematunhu ekugadzirisa dambudziko repasi rose remarara emugungwa, uye nezvekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzemugungwa nedzemumahombekombe kubva kumarara emigodhi. Mukuona basa rakakosha rinoitwa nemakungwa mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kumwe kufamba kunoronga kutora nhoroondo huru yegungwa muutongi hwemamiriro ekunze.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- Chirevo ichi chinokurudzira zvakatevedzana zvezviito zvekugadzirisa izvi zvinokanganisa, zvinosanganisira kudzikisira kuburitswa kweCO2, kusimudzira nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemugungwa, nekuchengetedza makungwa makuru negungwa pasi peMutemo weGungwa uye nekuwedzera World Heritage Convention.
- The resulting ocean warming and acidification have added to other pressures on marine life, such as pollution and over-fishing, and the populations of many species are shrinking or shifting in response.
- The Congress is also expected to decide on motions dealing with regional approaches to tackling the global problem of marine litter, and on the protection of marine and coastal habitats from mining waste.
