Padivi peMutungamiri neMunyori Clinton, Gurukota rezvekushanya kweJamaica, Hon. Edmund Bartlett akataura nhasi zviri kuitika Musangano wechina weClinton Global Initiative (CGI) Action Network paPost-Disaster Recovery paYunivhesiti yeVirgin Islands, St. Thomas, USVI kusuma Global Tourism Resilience uye Crisis Management Center.
Chinyorwa chehurukuro yake yakakosha:
Ini ndichatanga iyi kero yakakosha nekutaura kuti kana tikagona kushandisa izwi rimwe kutsanangura zvakanyanya indasitiri yezvekushanya yepasirese izwi rimwe chete ringave "rakasimba." Chikamu ichi chakatarisana nekutyisidzirwa kwakasiyana-siyana asi chakagara chichiratidzira kugona kusinganzwisisike kupora uye kukwira kumusoro. Zvisineyi, chikamu chekushanya chepasi rose chatarisana nedanho risati ramboitika rekusava nechokwadi uye kusagadzikana izvo vanogadzira mitemo vanofanira kupindura nehutsinye, hunoenderana. Isu tinofanirwa kuchengetedza musika wedu wekushanya, kunyanya vatori vechikamu vedu vekunze, vakabatsira kuunza nyika kumahombekombe edu. Huwandu hwevanoshanda munharaunda uye vane vane masevhisi vanopa vakawedzera kukosha kuhupfumi hweCaribbean. Imwe kambani, kunyanya, Sandals, yakabatsira kuisa Caribbean pamepu.
Kurumidziro iri kupihwa mukusimudzira kusimba kwenzvimbo dzekushanya kwepasi rose kwakavakirwa pakuwedzera kwekutyisidzira kwechinyakare kushanya kwepasirese senge njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga dzine chekuita nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kudziya kwepasi uye kubuda kwekutyisidzira kutsva kwakasimba senge denda, hugandanga uye cybercrimes zvine chekuita ne kuchinja kwekufamba kwepasi rose, kudyidzana kwevanhu, kuchinjana kwekutengeserana uye zvematongerwo enyika.
Segurukota rezvekushanyirwa kwenyika kubva kune imwe yenzvimbo dzinowanzoita njodzi pasi rose, ndinoshinga kutaura kuti, ndine maonero ekuona kukosha kwekuvaka kusimba muchikamu chekushanya. Haisi iyo Caribbean chete ndiyo inonyanya kuwirwa nenjodzi yepasirese nekuda kwekuti zvitsuwa zvakawanda zviri mukati meAtlantic hurricane belt uko masero emhepo anogadzirwa uye dunhu rinogara pamwe nemitsara mitatu inoshanda yekudengenyeka kwenyika, zvakare ndiyo yakanyanya nharaunda inoenderana nekushanya munyika.
Mashoko ezvehupfumi achangoburwa anoratidza kuti kurarama kwemunhu mumwe chete muvagari vana veCaribbean kune chekuita nekushanya ukuwo kufamba nekushanya zvichibatsira ku15.2 % yeGDP yedunhu iri pamwe nepamusoro pe25% yeGDP yeinopfuura hafu yenyika. Panyaya yeBritish Virgin Islands, kushanya kunopa 98.5% yeGDP. Huwandu uhu hunoratidza zvakajeka mupiro wakakura wehupfumi wechikamu kuCaribbean nevanhu vayo. Vanosimbisawo kukosha kwekugadzira nzira dzekudzikisa njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzinogona kukanganisa mabasa ekushanya mudunhu uye kukonzera kudzoserwa kwenguva refu mukukura nebudiriro.
Kunyanya kukosha, mushumo wechangobva kuitika wakaratidza kuti nzvimbo yeCaribbean ingangorasikirwa ne22 muzana yeGDP ne2100 kana nhanho iripo yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze isingadzoserwe nedzimwe nyika dziri kutarisira kutambura kurasikirwa kweGDP pakati pe75 ne100 muzana. Chirevo ichi chakatsanangura kukanganisa kukuru kwenguva refu kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pahupfumi hwedunhu sekurasikirwa nemari inowanikwa nevashanyi. Sezvo vazhinji vedu tichiziva kuti dunhu rakatarisana nenjodzi dzakasimba munguva pfupi yapfuura. Mwaka wedutu wakakonzera kurasikirwa kunofungidzirwa muna 2017 ye826,100 vashanyi kuCaribbean, zvichienzaniswa nekufanotaura kusati kwaitika. Vashanyi ava vangadai vakaburitsa US$741 miriyoni uye vakatsigira mabasa zviuru gumi neshanu. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti kudzoreredza kumatanho apfuura kunogona kutora makore anosvika mana apo dunhu richarasikirwa nemari inodarika US$11,005 bhiriyoni panguva ino.
Kunze kwekutyisidzira kuri pachena kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, vane chekuita nekushanya havagone kuramba vasina hanya nezvimwe zvinonetsa zviri kukurumidza kubuda mukati memamiriro ekudyidzana kwepasi rose. Tora somuenzaniso, kutyisidzira kwougandanga. Uchenjeri hwakajairika hwaive hwekuti nyika zhinji dzisiri dzekumadokero dzaiwanzovharirwa kubva mukutyisidzirwa kwehugandanga. Nekudaro kurwiswa kwemazuva ano kwehugandanga munzvimbo dzevashanyi dzakadai seBali muIndonesia neBohol muPhilippine vakatsvaga kuzvidza fungidziro iyi.
Zvakare kune dambudziko rekudzivirira uye kuve nedenda uye denda munzvimbo dzevashanyi. Ngozi yedenda uye denda chave chiripo chiriporipo nekuda kwechimiro chekufamba kwepasirese uye kushanya uko kwakavakirwa pahukama hwepedyo nekudyidzana pakati pemamirioni avanhu vanobva kumativi ese enyika zuva nezuva. Ngozi iyi yakawedzera mumakore achangopfuura.
Nyika nhasi yakabatana nehuwandu hwazvino, kumhanya, uye kusvika kwekufamba zvisina kumboitika. Nzendo dzinoda kusvika mabhiriyoni mana dzakatorwa nendege gore rapfuura chete. Chirevo cheWorldbank cha4 chakaratidza kuti denda rinogara kwegore rinogona kukonzeresa kudonha kwehupfumi nekuda kwekuedza kudzivirira kutapukirwa sekuderedza kufamba nendege, kudzivirira kufamba kuenda kunzvimbo dzine utachiona, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemasevhisi akadai seresitorendi, kushanya, kutakura vanhu vakawanda. , uye zvisingakoshi zvekutengesa zvekutengesa.
Pakupedzisira, maitiro ezvino edhijitari anoreva kuti isu zvino tinofanirwa kurangarira kwete chete kutyisidzira kunobatika asiwo kukura kusingaonekwe kutyisidzira kwakabatana nemabasa emagetsi. Kutengeserana kwakawanda kwakanangana nekushanya kwave kuitika pamagetsi kubva kutsvagiro yekwaunoenda kuenda kubhukisheni kuenda kunzvimbo dzekushanyirwa kukamuri kuenda kukubhadhara kutenga kwezororo. Kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo haichisiri nyaya yekudzivirira vashanyi vepasirese uye hupenyu hwenzvimbo kubva munjodzi yepanyama asi ikozvino zvinoreva kuchengetedza vanhu kubva kutyisidziro yecyber sekuba zvitupa, kubira maakaundi emunhu uye hutsotsi hwekutengesa.
Isu takaona apo magandanga e-cyber ane hunyanzvi akatokonzera kukanganisa kwese-system kune akakosha masevhisi mune dzimwe nyika huru munguva pfupi yapfuura. Nekudaro, ichokwadi chinosiririsa kuti nzvimbo zhinji dzevashanyi parizvino hadzina chero chirongwa chekuchengetedza chekubata nekurwiswa kwecyber.
Sezvo isu tichitsvaga kuvaka kusimba kwedu pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi zvina zvikuru zvekushanya kwepasirese zvakaonekwa mumharidzo yangu pamwe nemamwe asina kudomwa nemazita, chinhu chakakosha chegadziriro inoshanda yekusimba kugona kutarisira zviitiko zvine njodzi. Izvi zvinoshandura kutarisa kubva pakupindura kune zvinokanganisa kuenda kuzvidzivirira pakutanga. Kuvaka kusimba kunoda nzira yakarongeka yakavakirwa pakusimbisa kudyidzana padanho renyika, redunhu nepasirese pakati pevagadziri vemitemo yekushanya, vamiriri vemitemo, mabhizinesi ekushanya, maNGO, vashandi vekushanya, masangano edzidzo nekudzidziswa uye huwandu hwevanhu kuti vasimbise kugona kwemasangano kutarisira, kuronga, kuongorora. uye kuongorora zviito uye zvirongwa zvekudzikisa njodzi zvinhu.
Zvishandiso zvinodiwa zvinofanirwa kupihwa kutsvagisa, kudzidziswa, hunyanzvi, kuongorora, kugovera ruzivo, kuenzanisa uye mamwe maitiro ekuvaka masimba. Zvakakosha, kusimudzira kushanya hakuchakwanisi kukanganisa nharaunda sezvo iri iyo nharaunda inozochengetedza chigadzirwa chine hutano chekushanya, kunyanya kunzvimbo dzezvitsuwa. Nhamburiko dzekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze dzinofanirwa kudzika midzi mumitemo yekushanya kubva pakugadzira macode ekuvaka kusvika pakupihwa kwemvumo yekuvaka kusvika pamutemo wezvemamiriro ekunze akanakisa maitiro kune vanopa masevhisi kuvaka kubvumirana kwakajairwa nevose vane chekuita nezvekukosha kwekutora tekinoroji yegreen mukati. chikamu.
Mukupindura kushevedzo yekuvaka kusimba kwekushanya muCaribbean, ndinodada zvikuru kuti nzvimbo yekutanga yekusimbaradza yedunhu iyi inonzi 'The Global Tourism Resilience and Crisis Management Center' yakatangwa nguva pfupi yadarika paUniversity yeWest Indies, Mona Campus Jamaica. Nzvimbo iyi, inova yekutanga yerudzi rwayo, ichabatsira nekugadzirira, manejimendi, uye kupora kubva mukuvhiringwa uye / kana matambudziko anokanganisa kushanya nekutyisidzira hupfumi hunoenderana nechikamu uye mararamiro.
Iyo Center inotariswa pane zvina zvakakosha zvinounzwa panguva ino. Imwe kugadzwa kwejenari redzidzo pamusoro pekusimba uye kukanganisa kwepasirese. Dare rekunyora rakavambwa uye rinotungamirwa naProfessor Lee Miles vekuBournemouth University nerubatsiro rweGeorge Washington University. Zvimwe zvinounzwa zvinosanganisira kunyorwa kwepurani yekusimba; kusikwa kweiyo resilience barometer; nekugadzwa kweSachigaro Wedzidzo yekusimba uye kuvandudza. Izvi zvinoenderana nebasa reCentre rekugadzira, kugadzira uye kugadzira maturusi, nhungamiro uye marongero ekutungamira nzira yekupora mushure menjodzi.
Centre iyi ichange iine nyanzvi dzinozivikanwa pasi rose nenyanzvi munyaya dzemamiriro ekunze, manejimendi echirongwa, tourism management, tourism risk management, tourism crisis management, communication management, tourism marketing and branding pamwe nekuongorora nekuongorora.
Kunze kwekuvambwa kweResilience Center iyo inopa hwaro hwehurongwa hwakanaka hwekuvaka kusimbaradza kwevashanyi ndakaona zvakare kuti kusimba kunofanirwa kuve kwakabatana nekusimudzira kukwikwidza kwekuenda. Kusimudzira kukwikwidza kwekuenda kunoda kuti vagadziri vemitemo yekushanya vaone uye vatarise dzimwe misika yevashanyi.
Nzvimbo diki dzekushanya, kunyanya, hadzichakwanisi kuvimba chete nemisika mishoma yekushanya kunyanya muNorth America neEurope pamari yekushanya. Iyoyo haichisiri nzira inogoneka yekuchengetedza chigadzirwa chinogoneka chekushanya. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nzvimbo itsva dzemakwikwi dziri kubuda dziri kudzikisira mugove wevashanyi vekare uye zvakare nekuti kunyanya kutsamira pamisika yechinyakare kunoisa nzvimbo kune imwe nhanho yekusagadzikana kwekunze kwakashata. Kuti urambe uchikwikwidza uye ushingirire kukanganiswa kwezvinoitika mumisika yechinyakare masosi, nzvimbo dzinofanirwa kutariswa zvine hukasha zvikamu zvitsva kana niche misika kukwezva vafambi vanobva kunzvimbo dzisiri dzechinyakare.
Kwaive kufunga uku kwakatitungamira kuti titange maNetwork edu mashanu muJamaica- gastronomy, varaidzo nemitambo, hutano nekugara zvakanaka, kutenga uye ruzivo- sedanho rekushandisa masimba edu akavakirwa-mukati kuwedzera kukwezva kwepasirese kwechikamu chedu chekushanya apo. kukurudzira mikana yakawanda yezveupfumi munharaunda.
Mukupedzisa, musangano uyu uchaita kuti pave nekutsinhana kwemazano ane musoro uye kufunga nezve kusimba uye kugadzirisa dambudziko. Aya mazano achabatsira vese vanogadzira mitemo yekushanyirwa nevatambi varipo kuti vavake pane hurongwa huripo pamwe nekufunga gwara / chiono chitsva. Pakupedzisira kubvumirana kunofanirwa kusvikwa pamusoro pepasi rose resilience framework / blueprint iyo inogona kugamuchirwa nenzvimbo dzese dzevashanyi pasi rose.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- Kurumidziro iri kupihwa mukusimudzira kusimba kwenzvimbo dzekushanya kwepasi rose kwakavakirwa pakuwedzera kwekutyisidzira kwechinyakare kushanya kwepasirese senge njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga dzine chekuita nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kudziya kwepasi uye kubuda kwekutyisidzira kutsva kwakasimba senge denda, hugandanga uye cybercrimes zvine chekuita ne kuchinja kwekufamba kwepasi rose, kudyidzana kwevanhu, kuchinjana kwekutengeserana uye zvematongerwo enyika.
- Not only is the Caribbean the most disaster-prone region of the world on account of the fact that most islands are situated within the Atlantic hurricane belt where storm cells are produced and the region sits along three active seismic fault lines, it is also the most tourism-dependent region in the world.
- As a minister of tourism from one of the most disaster-prone regions of the world, I dare say that, I have a firsthand perspective of the importance of building resilience in the tourism sector.
