Kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu? Hongu, nyika yako iri pane iyi runyorwa!

Vashanyi vanodarika bhiriyoni imwe vari kushanya pasirese gore rega rega. Izvi zvinofanirwa kutumira meseji yerunyararo kuburikidza nekushanya kutenderera pasirese.

Vashanyi vanodarika bhiriyoni imwe vari kushanya pasirese gore rega rega. Izvi zvinofanirwa kutumira meseji yerunyararo kuburikidza nekushanya kutenderera pasirese.

Nehurombo Indaneti, magariro evanhu uye kushanya kwevanhu pachavo kungave kwakaita kuti kudyidzana kwevanhu kuve nyore, asi hurumende dzinenge nyika dzese pasi pano dziri kubvumira kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu. Nyika yako yakamira sei pakodzero dzevanhu, rusununguko rwenhau?

Amnesty International inoburitsa chirevo chayo che 2014/2015.
Unogona kudhawunirodha rondedzero uye kuwana runyorwa rwezvikanganiso munenge nyika dzese dzepasi. Mugumisiro wacho dzimwe nguva unokatyamadza.

Sekureva kwaSalil Shetty, Munyori Mukuru weAmestry International, iri rave riri gore rinorwadza zvikuru kune vaya vari kutsvaka kutsigira kodzero dzevanhu uye kune vaya vakabatwa munhamo yehondo.

Hurumende dzinotaura nemuromo kukosha kwekuchengetedza vanhuwo zvavo. Uye zvakadaro vezvamatongerwe enyika venyika vakakundikana zvinosiririsa kudzivirira avo vanoshayiwa zvikuru. Amnesty International inotenda kuti izvi zvinogona uye zvinofanirwa kushanduka.

Mutemo wepasi rose werubatsiro - mutemo unodzora maitiro ehondo - haugone kujeka zvakanyanya. Kurwiswa hakufaniri kuitirwa vanhuwo zvavo. Nheyo yekusiyanisa pakati pevagari vemo nevarwi ndiyo dziviriro yakakosha kune vanhu vakabatwa mukutyisa kwehondo.

Asi, nguva nenguva, vanhuwo zvavo vaitambura zvikuru mukurwisana. Mugore rekucherechedza makore makumi maviri ekupondwa kwerudzi rweRwanda, vezvematongerwo enyika vakaramba vachitsika-tsika mitemo inodzivirira vagari - kana kutarisa kure nekutyorwa kunouraya kwemitemo iyi kwakaitwa nevamwe.
UN Security Council yakaramba ichitadza kugadzirisa dambudziko muSyria mumakore apfuura, apo hupenyu husingaverengeki hungadai huchiri kuponeswa. Kukundikana ikoko kwakaenderera mberi muna 2014. Mumakore mana apfuura, vanhu vanopfuura 200,000 4 vakafa - vanhuwo zvavo vakawanda - uye kunyanya mukurwiswa nemauto ehurumende. Vanosvika mamiriyoni mana vanhu vanobva kuSyria vava vapoteri kune dzimwe nyika. Vanopfuura mamiriyoni 7.6 vakadzingwa mukati meSyria.

 Boka rine pfuti rinozvidaidza kuti Islamic State (IS, yaimbova ISIS), iyo yanga ichikonzera mhosva dzehondo muSyria, yakapamba, kuuraya-maitiro, uye kuchenesa madzinza pamwero mukuru kuchamhembe kweIraq. Zvichienderana, mauto eShi'a eIraq akapamba nekuuraya vanhu vazhinji veSunni, nerutsigiro rwehurumende yeIraq.

Kurwiswa kwaChikunguru paGaza nemauto eIsrael kwakakonzera kurasikirwa kwe2,000 hupenyu hwePalestine. Zvakadaro zvakare, ruzhinji rweavo - vangangoita 1,500 - vaive vanhuwo zvavo. Gwaro iri raive, sekupokana kwaita Amnesty International mukuongorora kwakadzama, kwakaratidzwa nekusakendenga uye kusanganisa mhosva dzehondo. Hamas yakaparawo mhosva dzehondo nekukanda maroketi zvisina tsarukano muIsrael zvichikonzera kufa kwevanhu vatanhatu.

KuNigeria, kunetsana kuchamhembe pakati pemauto ehurumende nechikwata cheBoko Haram chakapinda pasi rose nekupambwa, neBoko Haram, kwevasikana vechikoro mazana maviri nemakumi manomwe nevatanhatu muguta reChibok, imwe yemhosva dzisingaverengeki dzakaparwa neboka iri. Zvishoma zvakacherechedzwa imhosva dzinotyisa dzakaparwa nemauto eNigeria anochengetedza nevaya vanoshanda navo vachirwisa vanhu vanotendwa kuti inhengo kana vatsigiri veBoko Haram, dzimwe dzacho dzakanyorwa pavhidhiyo, dzakaratidzwa neAmnesty International muna Nyamavhuvhu; mitumbi yevakaurayiwa yakakandwa muguva rine vanhu vakawanda.

MuCentral African Republic, vanopfuura 5,000 XNUMX vakafa mumhirizhonga yemasekete pasinei nokuvapo kwemauto enyika dzakawanda. Kurwadziswa, kubatwa chibharo uye kupondwa kwevanhu vakawanda hazvina kumbobuda pachena pamapeji ekutanga enyika. Asi zvakare, ruzhinji rwevakafa vakanga vari vanhuwo zvavo.

Uye muSouth Sudan - nyika itsva kwazvo pasi rose - makumi ezviuru zvevanhu vakaurayiwa uye 2 miriyoni vakatiza misha yavo mumhirizhonga yezvombo pakati pehurumende nemauto anopikisa. Mhosva dzehondo uye mhosva dzakaitirwa vanhu kumativi ose.

Rondedzero iri pamusoro - sezviri pachena mushumo wepagore wemamiriro ekodzero dzevanhu munyika zana nemakumi matanhatu - hausati watanga kubuda. Vamwe vangakakavara kuti hapana chinogona kuitwa, kuti hondo yagara ichikanganisa vanhuwo zvavo, uye kuti hapana chinogona kuchinja.

Izvi zvakaipa. Zvakakosha kutarisana nekutyorwa kwevanhuwo zvavo, uye kuendesa kumatare edzimhosva avo vane mhosva. Rimwe danho riri pachena uye rinoshanda rakamirira kutorwa: Amnesty International yatambira chikumbiro ichi, chave kutsigirwa nehurumende dzinosvika makumi mana, chekuti UN Security Council itore bumbiro remitemo rinobvuma kurega kushandisa veto nenzira yaizovhara. Security Council chiito mumamiriro ekuuraya rudzi, mhosva dzehondo uye mhosva dzinopesana nevanhu.

Iroro ringava danho rinokosha rokutanga, uye rinogona kuponesa vanhu vakawanda.
Kukundikana, zvisinei, hakuna kungova maererano nekudzivirira hutsinye hwakawanda. Rubatsiro rwakananga rwakarambwawo kumamiriyoni akatiza mhirizhonga yaparadza misha nemataundi avo.
Hurumende idzo dzakanyanya kuda kutaura zvinonzwika pamusoro pekutadza kwedzimwe hurumende dzakaratidza kusada kuenderera mberi nekupa rubatsiro rwakakosha rwunodiwa nevapoteri ivavo - zvese maererano nerubatsiro rwemari, nekupa pekugara patsva. Vanosvika 2% yevapoteri kubva kuSyria vakagariswa patsva pakupera kwa2014 - nhamba inofanira kunge yakapetwa katatu muna 2015.

Zvichakadaro, nhamba huru yevapoteri nevanoenda kune dzimwe nyika vari kurasikirwa neupenyu hwavo muGungwa reMediterranean sezvavanoedza zvikuru kusvika kumahombekombe eEurope. Kushaikwa kwerutsigiro kunoitwa nedzimwe nhengo dzeEU kutsvagisa nekununura mabasa kwakonzera huwandu hwevanhu vafa.

Imwe nhanho yaigona kutorwa kudzivirira vanhuwo zvavo mukurwisana kungave kurambidzazve kushandiswa kwezvombo zvinoputika munzvimbo dzinogara vanhu. Izvi zvingadai zvakaponesa hupenyu hwakawanda muUkraine, uko vanoparadzaniswa neRussia vanotsigirwa (zvisinei nekuramba kusingagutsikane kweAmnesty International Report 2014/15)  neMoscow nepro- Mauto eKyiv ese ari maviri akananga nharaunda dzevanhu.

Kukosha kwemitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu kunoreva kuti panofanirwa kuve nekuzvidavirira kwechokwadi uye kururamisira kana mitemo iyi yatyorwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, Amnesty International inogamuchira chisarudzo cheUN Human Rights Council muGeneva kuti itange kubvunzurudza kwenyika dzakawanda pamusoro pemhosva yekutyorwa uye kushungurudzwa kwekodzero dzevanhu panguva yekurwisana kuSri Lanka, uko mumwedzi mishoma yapfuura yemakakatanwa muna 2009. makumi ezviuru zvevanhu vakaurayiwa. Sangano reAmnesty International rakaita mushandirapamwe pakuongorora kwakadai kwemakore mashanu apfuura. Pasina kuzvidavirira kwakadaro, hatingambofambi mberi.

Dzimwe nzvimbo dzekodzero dzevanhu dzakaramba dzichida kuvandudzwa. MuMexico, kutsakatika kwakamanikidzwa kwevadzidzi makumi mana nevatatu munaGunyana kwaive kuwedzera kwakashata kune vanhu vanopfuura zviuru makumi maviri nezviviri vakanyangarika kana
akashaika muMexico kubvira 2006; Vazhinji vanofungidzirwa kuti vakapambwa nezvikwata zvematsotsi, asi vazhinji vanonzi vakatozotsakatika nemapurisa nemauto, dzimwe nguva vachidyidzana nezvikwata izvi. Vashoma vakakuvadzwa vane mutumbi wakawanikwa vanoratidza zviratidzo zvekutambudzwa uye kumwe kubatwa zvisina kunaka. Vakuru vehurumende nevehurumende vakatadza kuferefeta mhosva idzi kuti vaone kubatanidzwa kwevamiriri vehurumende uye kuona nzira inoshanda yepamutemo kune vakabatwa, kusanganisira hama dzavo. Pamusoro pekushaikwa kwemhinduro, hurumende yakaedza kuvhara dambudziko rekodzero dzevanhu uye kwave kune huwandu hwekusarangwa, huwori uye kuwedzera mauto.

Muna 2014, hurumende munzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose dzakaramba dzichiomesera maNGOs uye masangano akazvimirira – chimwe chikamu chisiri chechokwadi chekurumbidza kukosha kwebasa revanhu. Russia yakawedzera kubata kwayo ne "mutemo wevatorwa" unotyisa, mutauro unoenderana neCold War. MuEgypt, maNGOs akaona kukanganisa kwakanyanya, nekushandiswa kweMubarak-era Law on Associations kutumira meseji yakasimba yekuti hurumende haizoshiviriri chero kupokana. Masangano makuru anorwira kodzero dzevanhu aifanira kubuda muUN Human Rights Council yeUniversal Periodic Review yeEgypt rekodhi yekodzero dzevanhu nekuda kwekutyira kutsiva.
Sezvakangoitika kakawanda, varatidziri vakaratidza ushingi pasinei nokutyisidzirwa uye chisimba chavaiitirwa.

MuHong Kong, makumi ezviuru akaramba kutyisidzirwa nevakuru vakuru uye akatarisana nekushandiswa kwechisimba zvakanyanya uye zvisina tsarukano nemapurisa, mune yakazozivikanwa se "umbrella movement", vachishandisa kodzero dzavo dzerusununguko rwekutaura nekuungana.

Masangano anorwira kodzero dzevanhu dzimwe nguva anopomerwa mhosva yekunyanya kuda chinzvimbo muzviroto zvedu zvekuunza shanduko. Asi tinofanira kuyeuka kuti zvinhu zvinoshamisa zvinogoneka.

Musi wa24 Zvita, chibvumirano chepasi rose cheArms Trade Treaty chakatanga kushanda, mushure mekunge chibvumirano chemakumi mashanu chayambuka mwedzi mitatu yapfuura.

Amnesty International nevamwe vanga vakurudzira chibvumirano ichi kwemakore makumi maviri. Taigara tichiudzwa kuti chibvumirano chakadaro hachikwanisiki. Chibvumirano ichi chavepo, uye chicharambidza kutengeswa kwezvombo kune avo vangazvishandisa kuita hutsinye. Inogona kuita basa rakakosha mumakore anotevera - apo mubvunzo wekuita uchange wakakosha.
2014 yakaratidza makore makumi matatu kubva pakagamuchirwa UN Convention against Torture - imwe Chibvumirano icho Amnesty International yakashandira kwemakore akawanda, uye chimwe chikonzero nei sangano iri rakapihwa mubairo weNobel Peace Prize muna 30.

Mhemberero iyi yaive neimwe nzira yekupemberera - asiwo chinguva chekucherechedza kuti kushungurudzwa kuchiri kutekeshera pasirese, chikonzero chakaita kuti Amnesty International itange chirongwa chepasi rose cheStop Torture gore rino.

Iyi meseji yekurwisa kurwadziswa yakawana mutinhimira wakanyanya zvichitevera kuburitswa kwegwaro reSeneti yeUS muna Zvita, iro rakaratidza kugadzirira kuregerera kushungurudzwa mumakore mushure mekurwiswa kwaGunyana 11 2001 kuUSA. Zvaishamisa kuti vamwe  cheavo vane mhosva yekurwadzisa vanhu vakaita sevachiri kudavira kuti hapana chekunyara nacho.

Kubva kuWashington kuenda kuDhamasiko, kubva kuAbuja kuenda kuColombo, vatungamiriri vehurumende vakaruramisa kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kunotyisa nekutaura nezvekuda kuchengetedza nyika "yakachengeteka". Chaizvoizvo, zvinopesana ndizvo zvazviri. Kutyora kwakadaro ndicho chikonzero chimwe chinokosha nei tichirarama munyika ine ngozi yakadaro nhasi. Hapagoni kuva nechengeteko pasina kodzero dzevanhu.

Takaona kakawanda kuti, kunyange dzimwe nguva zvinoita sezvisina kujeka pakodzero dzevanhu - uye pamwe kunyanya panguva dzakadai - zvinokwanisika kugadzira shanduko inoshamisa.

Tinofanira kutarisira kuti, tichitarisa kumashure ku2014 mumakore anotevera, zvatakararama muna 2014 zvichaonekwa se nadir - iyo yekupedzisira yakaderera - kubva kwatakasimuka tikagadzira ramangwana riri nani.

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Linda Hohnholz

Editor mukuru we eTurboNews yakavakirwa muTN HQ.

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