Kurapa kwekushanya kunokonzeresa

Makumi mana nemashanu emamiriyoni eAmerica parizvino haana kuvimbisirwa uye mari yehutano muUnited States iri kukwira nekukurumidza kupfuura mibairo uye inflation. Kunyangwe vachishandisa yakawanda mukuchengetedza hutano kupfuura chero nyika ipi neipi ine hupfumi, muna 2000 United States yakamira pachinzvimbo makumi matatu nenomwe mukuongorora kweWorld Health Organisation kwehurongwa hwehutano hwepasi rose. Kuchinja hutano hwepamba yave iri nyaya hombe mumushandirapamwe wemutungamiri wenyika yeAmerica muna37, zvakadaro huwandu huri kukura hwevaAmerican nevanopa inishuwarenzi vari kutarisana nemhinduro dzenyika dzese.

Vanenge mazana manomwe nemakumi mashanu ezviuru zvevanhu vekuAmerica vakafamba mhiri kwemakungwa vachirapwa muna 750,000, uye huwandu hwevanonzi vashanyi vekurapa hwaigona kuwedzera kusvika pamamiriyoni gumi nemashanu muna 2007. Mumakumi emakore apfuura, indasitiri yezvokurapa yezvokurapa yaitungamirwa nemaitiro ekuzora uye mazino. Nhasi zvinhu zvese kubva kutsiva mabvi kusvika pakuvhiya kukuru kwemoyo zvinogona kuwanikwa munyika dzichiri kusimukira uko nzvimbo dzehutano dzinozivikanwa pasi rese dzinopa kurapwa kwepamusoro nemitengo yakaderera uye nguva pfupi yekumirira kupfuura muUnited States.

Yekutsiva-vharuvhu yemoyo yakatengwa pamadhora zviuru mazana maviri kana kudarika muchipatara cheAmerica inogona kuita madhora zviuru gumi muIndia, sekureva kweUniversity yeDelaware, kusanganisira nendege uye pasuru-yekushandira pazororo. Avhareji yekuchengetedza muThailand ingangoita 200,000 muzana kana ichienzaniswa neUnited States, uye pakati pe10,000 ne70 muzana muLatin America.

Chipatara cheThailand cheBumrungrad chakarapa mazana mana ezviuru zvevarwere vepasi rose muna 400,000, kusanganisira mazana matanhatu ezviuru zvevanhu vekuAmerica. Kutenda nekuwedzera kwevarwere vekunze, mari yechipatara yakazara muna2007 inofungidzirwa kuti ichakwira kusvika pamadhora mazana masere negumi nemasere.

Pakazara migumisiro yekushanyirwa kwekurapa yakasanganiswa. Kune rimwe divi, iyo indasitiri inogona kusimudzira mari iri kusimukira yenyika uye mari muzvipatara. Kukwidziridzwa muzvipatara zvemunyika zvakare kunoderedza kudzika kwekunze kwehuropi, sevarapi vepamusoro vanowana mabasa emuno kwete kusiira basa munyika dzakabudirira.

Ongororo yakaitwa neConfederation of Indian Industry inofungidzira kuti panosvika gore ra2012 indasitiri yezvokurapa yezvokurapa yaigona kuwedzera inosvika mabhiriyoni maviri emadhora kuGDP yepagore yenyika. Mukuru wezvipatara zveIndia zveWockhardt, zvinobatsira vekunze, akataura vanachiremba gumi nevaviri vekuIndia vachidzoka kubva kuUnited States neBritain kuzoshanda munzvimbo dzake.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvisinei, kushanya kwekurapa kunotyisidzira kuwedzera kukanganisika kwekuwana hutano hwakanaka munyika dzichiri kusimukira. Kunyangwe iri yakachipa nemitengo mizhinji yekuMadokero, zvipatara zvakazvimiririra zvinorapa vatorwa hazvisvikike neruzhinji rwevanhu, uye mari yavanounza kashoma inoita nzira yayo kune veveruzhinji. Sekureva kweshumo ya2006 yeWorld Health Organisation, isingasvike 4 muzana yemari yose yakashandiswa nehurumende yeIndia mumakore achangopfuura yakaenda kune hutano.

Kunze kwekudonha kwehuropi kunowanzo tsiviwa neicho chemukati chehuropi, sezvo vanachiremba vanosiya nzvimbo dzehutano dzeveruzhinji kunoshanda muzvipatara zvakazvimiririra. Gore rapfuura NPR yakataura nezvekushomeka kwechiremba veThai muchipatara cheguta guru nekuda kwemubhadharo wakakwira unopihwa kuBumrungrad.

Vamwe vanachiremba, zvisinei, vanopatsanura nguva yavo pakati pezvivakwa zveruzhinji nezvakazvimiririra kuyera kushandira chikamu cheveruzhinji nekutambira mari inokwana kutsigira mhuri dzavo. Mupepeti mupepanhau reThe Nation, pepanhau rebhizinesi reBangkok, rinokurudzira kusimudzirwa kwekushanya kwekurapa sechikonzero chekutadza kwenyika kuzadzisa chinangwa chayo chekupa chiremba mumwe pavanhu chiuru nemazana masere.

Mamiriro ezvinhu muCuba akarondedzerwa se "rusaruro mune zvekurapa." Mhando yepamusoro yekurapa inowanikwa kune vekunze uye kune veCuba elite ndeyemiganhu kune vazhinji vevagari vemunyika vasingakwanise kubhadhara kurapwa kwehutano mumadhora. Kubva pane kubvunzurudzwa nevagari veCuba, National Post yeCanada yakashuma kuti kuwana mishonga yekushandisa mishonga kwakadzikira zvakanyanya, kungave kwakatengwa nemadhora kana kungoiswa pamusika mutema.

Dzimwe nyika dziri kupindura kudambudziko reruzhinji urwu. Zvipatara zvakazvimiririra muPhilippines zvakakumbirwa kuti zvigare varwere vemunharaunda vanopa rubatsiro. Munyori wezvehutano muIndia, Naresh Dayal, akataura kuti zvipatara zvakazvimiririra zvinofanirwa kupa rubatsiro kuvarombo pasina muripo sezvo mari iri kuwedzera. Vamwe vakurudzira kuti India ibhadhare zvipatara zvakazvimiririra parizvino zvinopihwa rubatsiro kuti zvitsigire zvirongwa zveveruzhinji.

Parizvino seti yetsika dzakanakisa pakuenzanisa kushanya kwekurapa nekuvandudzwa kwehutano hweveruzhinji haisati yaita nzira yayo muzvibvumirano zvepasi rese kana maitiro ekubvumidzwa kuchipatara.

Kunyange zvakadaro, mari hombe yakachengetedzwa inosanganisirwa neyekurapa kwekushanya iri kukwezva varwere vazhinji nemakambani einishuwarenzi ehutano kupfuura nakare kose. Blue Cross & Blue Shield yekuSouth Carolina ikozvino inovhara mari yekufambisa kubva kuUnited States kuenda kuThailand kune varwere vanosarudza kurapwa kuBumrungrad.

Mitemo yakaunzwa muWest Virginia iyo yaizopa kukurudzira kuvashandi vehurumende vanoenda kunze kwenyika kunorapwa. Sekureva kweBusiness Svondo, vazhinji uye vakawanda veinishuwarenzi vachange vachipa sarudzo dzemhiri kwemakungwa kune avo vane mutemo mumakore mashanu kusvika gumi anotevera.

Kurapa kwekushanya haisi imwe nzira yekuchinja kukuru kweiyo US indasitiri yehutano. Kunze kwekukanganisa kune hutano hweveruzhinji mhiri kwemakungwa - pamwe nekukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwenzendo refu dzekufamba nendege dzakabatana neindasitiri iyi - kushanya kwekurapa hakufungidzirwe kudzikisira mari yezvehutano yenyika inopfuura 1 kusvika 2 muzana. Sarudzo dzemhiri kwemakungwa dzinodhurira varapi vehutano muUnited States angangoita mabhiriyoni gumi nematanhatu emadhora muna16, sekureva kweDeloitte Center for Health Solutions- chiverengero chingangosvika kumadhora mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nematatu kana kudarika mukati memakore gumi.

Nekuunza kukwikwidza kwepasirese kune indasitiri yakagara ichionekwa senzira yekudzivirira kuburitswa kwekushambadzira, kushanya kwekurapa kunogona kukwidziridza shanduko yekuvhara, mutengo, uye mhando kumba.