Vanotsvaka mafaro vachakwira chitundumuseremusere chakasungirirwa pasi pehukuru, huviri-boom humai kusvika kumucheto kwenzvimbo mune dhizaini yakavhurwa neChitatu naMhandara Galactic.
The SpaceShipTwo spacecraft nemutakuri wayo weWhiteKnightTwo vachatanga bvunzo dzekutanga zhizha rino kuzungunusa riwaya remuchadenga system rakagadzirwa napayona wemuchadenga Burt Rutan nekambani yake Scaled Composites.
“Chaizvoizvo 2008 richava gore rechitundumuseremusere,” akadaro muzvinabhizimisi wokuBritain Sir Richard Branson, muvambi weVirgin Group, uyo akafumura muenzaniso wechikero 1/16 wechitundumuseremusere chitsva pano paAmerican Museum of Natural History. "Tinofara chaizvo nezvehurongwa hwedu hutsva uye zvichange zvichiitwa nehurongwa hwedu."
Zvichienderana neRutan's SpaceShipOne, chitundumuseremusere chinoshandiswa zvakare chakahwina Mubairo wemadhora miriyoni gumi weAnsari X wekubhururuka muchadenga muna 10, SpaceShipTwo imotokari yakaparurwa nemhepo yakagadzirirwa kutakura vatyairi vatanhatu nevatyairi vaviri kuenda kune suborbital space uye kumashure.
Asi kusiyana neSpaceShipOne, iyo yakatanga kubva pasi peiyo imwe-kabhini yeWhiteKnight inotakura, hunyanzvi hutsva huchadonha kubva patwin-cabin high-altitude jet inogona kupeta senge crafter yekudzidzira vashanyi. WhiteKnightTwo inotakura injini ina uye mapapiro anosvika 140 tsoka (42 metres), achikwikwidza bhomba reB-29, uye yakavakwa kuti ibate maroketi asina kurongwa anokwanisa kuburitsa masatellite madiki munzira, vakuru veVirgin Galactic vakadaro.
Mhandara Galactic iri kupa matikiti ari muSpaceShipTwo spaceliners pamutengo wekutanga wemadhora mazana maviri ezviuru, kunyangwe Branson akati mutengo unotarisirwa kudonha mushure memakore mashanu ekutanga ekushanda. Kambani yekushanyirwa kwemuchadenga inoronga kuzopedzisira yaburitsa ndege kubva muchiteshi kuNew Mexico's Spaceport America, nenzendo dzekuwedzera kuburikidza neaurora borealis dzichaitwa kubva kuKiruna, Sweden.
"Zvinofadza," akadaro mukuru wezvekushambadza weBritish Trevor Beattie, mumwe wevane zana vane matikiti eVirgin Galactic varipo pakuvhurwa. "Ndinoda kuenda izvozvi ... nenhanho imwe neimwe, iri kuswedera pedyo."
Parizvino, Mhandara Galactic ine vangangosvika mazana maviri vakavimbiswa vafambi vendege dzinouya, madhora mamirioni makumi matatu mumadhipoziti uye nezve 200 kunyoresa kubva kune vatengi vanofarira kubhururuka muSpaceShipTwo.
Rutan, ane Mojave, Calif.-based Scaled akapedza 60 muzana yekutanga SpaceShipTwo, akati kambani yake iri kuvaka zvishoma zvishanu zvemotokari dzepasi - uye mbiri WhiteKnightTwo vatakuri - yeMhandara Galactic.
"Ichi hachisi chirongwa chidiki nechero fungidziro," akadaro Rutan, achiwedzera kuti kambani yake inotarisira kuvaka inokwana 40 SpaceShipTwos uye gumi neshanu inotakura craft mumakore gumi nemaviri anotevera.
Chese chitundumuseremusere chakagadzirirwa kubhururuka kaviri pazuva, nevatakuri vavo veWhiteKnightTwo vanokwanisa kusvika kunosvika mana zuva nezuva, Rutan akadaro. Kwemakore gumi nemaviri, vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zana vaigona kubhururuka kuenda kunzvimbo yepasi mukati memotokari, akawedzera.
Kubhururuka kwakakura
Vafambi veMhandara Galactic vakaita saBeattie nevamwe vakatoita bvunzo dzecentrifuge kuti vaone kuvhurwa kwechiitiko uye kupindazve, izvo zvinogona kushandisa masimba anosvika katanhatu kusimba kwePasi pamuviri wemunhu.
Will Whitehorn, Mhandara Galactic CEO, akati mumwe nemumwe mufambi weSpaceShipVaviri vachange vakashongedzerwa sutu yekumanikidza senzira yekuchengetedza, vasununguke kufamba-famba mukamuri rakaenzana nendege yeGulfstream uye kuona paNyika kuburikidza nehupamhi, 18-inch (46- cm) mahwindo mukati memaminetsi akati wandei ekurema anopihwa pane imwe neimwe spaceflight.
"Nekuti zvakajeka, kana uchizoenda muchadenga, unenge uchida kuona maonero," Whitehorn akadaro.
Kabhini yeSpaceShipTwo yakakura kudarika kapusuro yevanhu vatatu inoshandiswa paSpaceShipOne, uye imwe neimwe yeWhiteKnightTwo makabati ekutakura anotakura akafanana neayo chitundumuseremusere kuti chiite chishandiso chekudzidzisa chinobatsira, akadaro.
Nhengo dzemhuri dzevafambi kana vamwe vashanyi venzvimbo vanogona kuona SpaceShipTwo ichivhurwa kubva mukati meWhiteKnightTwo kabhini, imwe neimwe inogara 25 tsoka (7.6) metres kubva pakati-yakaiswa spaceship.
Nepo bvunzo dzekutanga dzakarongerwa imwe nguva chirimo chino uye yekutanga ndege dzemuchadenga dzakanangidzirwa muna 2009, Whitehorn akasimbisa kuti kuchengetedza kwakakosha.
"Tiri munhangemutange isina munhu, kunze kwemujaho wakachengeteka," akadaro Whitehorn.
Rutan akati ari kunanga chinhu chekuchengetedza chakafanana nechokutanga ndege dzemakore ekuma1920, iyo inofanirwa kunge ichiri nani zvakapetwa ka100 pane kuchengetedzeka kwechitundumuseremusere chemazuva ano chinoshandiswa nehurumende huru nhasi.
“Usadavire chero munhu anokuudza kuti chengetedzo yechitundumuseremusere chitsva yakachengeteka sendege yemazuva ano,” akadaro Rutan.
Iyo yekuvandudza uye chirongwa chekuyedza cheSpaceShipTwo uye chikepe chayo chekutakura chakadzikiswa nekuputika kwetsaona kwakauraya vashandi vatatu veScaled muna Chikunguru wapfuura paMojave Air uye Space Port. Svondo rapfuura, California state occupation and security inspectors vakataura Scaled nekutadza kupa dzidziso yakakwana yevashandi uye vakabhadharisa femu iyi mari inodarika zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu zvemadhora.
Rutan akati femu yake yanga ichishanda nevaongorori vehurumende nevakuru vakuru kuti vawedzere kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi, asi chaicho chakakonzera kuputika panguva yerocket oxidizer flow test haisati yazivikanwa. SpaceShipTwo's rocket engine haizopedzisiswe kudzamara kwabva kuputika kwaiswa pasi, akadaro.
Patricia Nyasha Smith, mubatsiri weFAA maneja wekufambisa kwenzvimbo yekutengeserana, akarumbidza kuzvipira kweMhandara Galactic uye Scaled kune chengetedzo mushure mekuvhurwa kweSpaceShipTwo.
"Ndiwo mweya wemabhizimusi uchaendesa nyika ino mberi," akadaro Smith. "Izvi zvichabata semoto wemusango watisati tamboona."
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