Najaf inokura senzvimbo yechitendero yekushanya kwekuenda

Guta reNajaf muIraq riri kubudirira senzvimbo yekushanya kwechitendero yevaShia maMuslim, nezviuru zvevanhu vekuIran vanoita rwendo rwevhiki nevhiki kunzvimbo inoera yeImam Ali. Zvingave zvichipikisa guta reIran reQom sepakati pesimba rechitendero cheShia?

Sezvataipinda muchivanze chenzvimbo tsvene, mheremhere nemheremhere zvomumugwagwa zvakapera, uye takanzwa ruzha rwokuimba, uye kurova kusinganzwisisike kwezvibhakera zvichirova zvipfuva.

Mazana avarume aipfugama pauriri hwakakapeti achidzokorora shoko rokuti “Ali, Ali, Ali,” kakawanda, achitevera mutungamiriri wekwaya ine ndebvu, uyo akamira pamberi pavo, achivheyesa maoko ake, achiitisa rwiyo rwacho.

Vamwe vafambi vaidzungaira, vachikurukurirana chinyararire, kana kuti vainyengetera chinyararire. Asi kwaisava kuita kwavo chete ndiko kwakaita kuti varume ava vasiyane.

Rwiyo rwacho pacharwo rwakanzwika rwakasiyana, rune hasha, uye rusina utsinye kupfuura mutauro wemumigwagwa; vakanga vachiimba kwete muchiArabic, asi muchiPezhiya - zvakapfava, uye zvine mutsindo.

Vaimbi vaive maIran, mamwe ezviuru zvevafambi, kubva kumaguta akaita seTehran, Isfahan neQom, vanoenda kuNajaf svondo rega rega, kunzvimbo inovigwa Imam Ali.

Ali ibn Abi Talib akaurayiwa muno muzana remakore rechinomwe, akabayiwa kubva kumashure nebakatwa, sezvaaitungamirira vateveri vake mumunamato.

Kupondwa kwake kwakaumba chikamu chehondo yekutonga kweIslam yakatevera kufa kweMuporofita Mohammed, uye ichiri kuitika nanhasi.

KuVaMuslim veShia, Ali ndiye Imam wekutanga, mugari wenhaka yeCaliphate, uye chokwadi chekuvigwa kwake pano chakaita Najaf kwemakore mazhinji nzvimbo yetsika yekutenda kweShia.

Asi kutanga mukupera kwema1970, zviitiko zviviri zvakarangana kuti guta riderere.

Yekutanga yaive kusimuka kwesimba kwaSaddam Hussein. Senhengo yevashoma veSunni vekuIraq, Saddam aitya simba revaShia, ndokutanga kuputsa zvisina tsitsi mifananidzo yavo yechitendero netsika.

Imwe yacho yaive shanduko yeIslam mumuvakidzani weIraq kumabvazuva.

Shanduko mumhepo

Muna 1979, Iran yakava hutongi hwehutongi, uye Najaf yakapa nzira kuguta reQom sepakati pesimba rechitendero cheShia.

Asi, nhasi, muNajaf, kune pfungwa yakasimba yekuchinja mumhepo.

Pakuvamba pamangwanani mamwe chetewo, takashanyira imba isina kunyorwa pamugwagwa wakanyarara weguta. Vachengeti vepfuti dzeKalashnikov chete ndivo vakapa chero ratidziro yekukosha kwemurume aigara ipapo.

Iyi yaive imba yaSheikh Mohammed al-Yaqubi, mumwe wevashanu ayatollah patemberi.

“Guta harina kutongorasikirwa nezvarinoreva,” akadaro, agere muchidzidzo chake chine mutsetse webhuku, maoko ake akapeta zvakadzikama pamakumbo ake, ngowani yake chena nendebvu chena dzakabviswa nenguo refu yeshava.

"Mamwe maguta anogona kukwikwidza neNajaf," akadaro, "basa rayo rinogona kunge rakadzikiswa, asi kukosha kweNajaf hakuna kumbodzikiswa."

Ayatollah Yaqubi anoita kunge ane chivimbo chinyararire kuti Najaf yave kuwanazve chinzvimbo chayo senzvimbo inokwevera yekutenda kweShia.

Kune zvakawanda kune iyi kudhonza kwehondo pane kurwira pesvedzero pakati peayatollah.

Kubvunza mubvunzo, "Najaf kana Qom?", Kuita sarudzo pakati pemaonero maviri epasirese akasiyana.

Vafundisi veIran, vane hwaro hwesimba ravo muQom, vanotungamira mutsara wakananga wekupesvedzera unobva kuchitendero uchipinda mune zvematongerwo enyika.

Ayatollah Yaqubi, kune rumwe rutivi, anoti vatungamiriri vechitendero kuNajaf, vanoita zvese zvavanogona kuti vasiyane nezvematongerwo enyika, izvo zvaanodaidza kuti "kurwira simba".

Mumamiriro ekunze ekusawirirana kwemasekete pamberi pesarudzo muna Kurume, iye nevamwe vake maayatollah vakaramba kumanikidzwa kukuru kuti vatsigire mapato ezvematongerwo enyika echiShia pachena.

'Magineti dhonza'

Najaf's magnetic pull ine simba. Yakaburitswa kubva pazvirambidzo zvakaiswa pairi pasi peSaddam Hussein, guta riri kubudirira.

Mamiriyoni evafambi vanoshanyira guta iri gore negore vari kuunza mari nekugadzira mabasa.

Vanoona nezvekushanya kwechitendero vanoti bhizinesi harina kumbobvira rave nani.

Imwe yemari iyoyo iri kushandiswa pakuwedzera shrine pachayo.

Seri kwemusikiti wemosque, mumumvuri wedenga regoridhe, rinenge richipofumadza muchiedza chezuva, kuvakwa kuri kuenderera mberi. Vacheri vanoshanda nesimba, vachivaka kugona kweNajaf kutora mamwe mapilgrim.

Sezvo minamato yeChishanu yakadanwa, zviuru zvevanhu zvakaungana mukati menzvimbo tsvene, kubata nekutsvoda guva raImam Ali.

Ava vaive mapilgrim kubva pasirese, hanzu dzavo nemahedhibheti aive neruvara uye akasiyana-siyana semataira akashongedzerwa pamadziro emosque pachayo.

Kubva pane ino nzvimbo, Najaf inoratidzika kunge iri munzira isingadzivisiki kumusoro, zvese maererano nehupfumi hwayo, uye senzvimbo yetsika nechitendero.

Asi maonero kubva kuTehran anogona kutaridzika zvakasiyana. Sezvo kukura kweNajaf kunopokana nechiremera chechitendero cheQom, saka zvinodzikisira simba nechiremera cheIran, semutungamiri wezvemweya nezvematongerwo enyika wepasi rose maMuslim echiShia.