Vanhu gumi nemumwe vakafa nezuro manheru paOahu, pakadonha ndege yeBeech 65-A90 ichangobva kusimuka kubva kuDillingham Airfield omuNorth Shore yeOahu, Hawaii. Inoonekwa seyakanyanya kufa njodzi yekubhururuka nendege muUS State yeHawaii kwemakore makumi maviri apfuura.
Zviri pachena kuti ndege iyi ine nhoroondo yezvinetso. Muna 2016 National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) yakatumira mushumo unotevera nezve chiitiko pakashandiswa ndege iyi muCalifornia.
Musi waChikunguru 23, 2016, ingangoita 1900 Pacific masikati nguva, Beech 65-A90, N256TA, yakaramba ichikuvadza zvakanyanya zvichitevera kurasikirwa kwekutonga ichikwira pedyo neByron Airport (C83) Byron, California. Mutyairi wezvokutengeserana uye vafambi ve14 havana kukuvara. Ndege yakanyoreswa kuN80896 LLC, uye inoshandiswa neBay Area Skydiving pasi pezviga zve 14 Code of Federal Regulations Chikamu 91. Mamiriro emamiriro ekunze anooneka akakunda uye hapana chirongwa chekubhururuka chakaiswa kubhururuka kwedenga. Ndege yemuno yakasimuka paC83 dzinenge 1851.
Maererano nemutyairi wendege, sezvo ndege yakaswedera pedyo nenzvimbo yakarongwa yekusvetuka uye urefu, inenge 12,500 ft, kureva gungwa regungwa, akatanga kutendeuka kwekuruboshwe kuti aende kunzvimbo yekudonha. Akataura kuti kumhanya kwendege kwakamboti fambei zvishoma uye “pakarepo ndege yakabva yamira, ikakungurukira kuruboshwe, ndokutanga kutenderera ichidzika-dzika.” Akataura kuti ndege "yakaita madhiramu mashoma ekudzika." Mumwe wevaisvetuka, akagara pachigaro chevatyairi vendege, akanzwa “kutinhira kukuru” mukati menhevedzano yokunaya ndokutaura kuti “mutyairi wendege haana kudzoreredza matsimba panguva yokunaya, zvichiita kuti ndege iwedzere kumhanya zvakanyanya.” Akasvetuka akawedzera kuti panguva yekupora akanzwa g-force padumbu rake. Mutyairi wendege akataura kuti akadzosa ndege yacho kwenguva pfupi kuchimiro chemapapiro kwemasekonzi mashoma uye akaona kuti ndege yacho yaive inenge 90 ° kubva pane yakarongwa musoro, uye inononoka mumhepo.
Zvadaro, mutyairi wendege akataura kuti pane “kuvhunduka” kwezvinodzora uye “panguva imwe cheteyo ndege yakangoerekana yatsemuka nekuruboshwe,” yakamira kechipiri, ndokutanga kutenderera ichidzika. Mutyairi wendege akaudza vatyairi vedenga kuti vasvetuke kubva mundege. Maparachuti akateerera, uye vese vakabudirira kubuda mundege panguva iyi yechipiri spin chiitiko. Mutyairi wendege akabva atanga maitiro ekudzoreredza spin kusvika pasisina mhedzisiro kuburikidza ne9 kutenderera uye akataura kuti iyo roll rate yaive nekukurumidza zvakanyanya kupfuura yekutanga spin chiitiko. Akabva adhonzera marevere ezvibatiso zvese paminhenga ichibva yakwanisa kubuda mupinyi. Akaita kuti ndege yacho ive muchimiro chebapiro uye kukwirira, asi nguva pfupi pashure pacho, ndege yacho "yakatyoka kuruboshwe" ndokumira kechitatu. Mutyairi wendege akadzorerazve ndege yacho nokuderedza kukwirira kwendege uye kuwedzera kumhanya kwendege.
Mutyairi wendege akafuratira akananga kunhandare yendege uye sezvo ndege yaifamba zvisina tsarukano, akagadziridza rinhi remurifiti kuti rive pamhuno yaro izere kumusoro kumubatsira kuti afambe akatwasuka. Akataura kuti iyo yakazara mhino kumusoro yekumisikidza yakashandiswa panzira. Pamusoro pezvo, mutyairi wendege akabhururuka nzira 15 mapfundo nekukurumidza kupfuura zvaidiwa, kuitira kuti atsivise nyaya yekudzora yekudzikira kwakajeka kwekuita kweelevator.
Mutyairi wendege akatsanangura kumhara semhuno yakadzikira maererano nekumhara kwamazuva ose. Mushure mekumhara paC83, chapupu chakaona kuti iyo yakatwasuka yakatwasuka ndege, ine elevator yakasungirirwa, yakanga isipo. Zvikamu zvendege zvakaparadzana zvakazowanikwa mumunda mamaira mashoma kumaodzanyemba kwenhandare yendege.
Mutyairi wendege akataura kuti pakange pasina kukanganiswa nendege pandege dzakapfuura zuva iroro, kana panguva yekuongorora kwake kusati kwabhururuka kwendege yetsaona. Akataura kuti kunze kwakanga kwakachena uye kuti kwakanga kune chiedza chakareruka. Uyezve, haana kutaura nyaya dzeinjini panguva yekubhururuka.
Kuongorora kwepashure kwenjodzi kwendege kwakaratidza kuti ganda rebapiro repamusoro nerepasi rakanga risingashamisi. Injini inokwirisa uye yekuruboshwe yakachinjika stabilizer yekunamatira mapoinzi akaongororwa kuti awedzere, asi hapana akaonekwa. Hapana zviratidzo zve flutter zvakaonekwa kuruboshwe yakatsetseka stabilizer.
Iyo yekurudyi yakachinjika stabilizer, ine elevator yakabatanidzwa, iyo yakanga yaparadzana nendege, yakaongororwa. Iyo yerudyi yekusimudza uye yekusimudza trim tebhu yakaramba yakanamatira kune avo akanamatira mapoinzi. Kutsemuka kwakacherechedzwa pane hombe uye kunotevera kumucheto kwakachinjika spars pane yekurudyi yakachinjika stabilizer. Paive pakaita kuunyana pamusoro peganda. Bhaketi rekunamirwa raibatanidza kudzikamisa kwekurudyi kwakatwasuka kundege, uye kune imwe horizontal stabilizer, yairatidza nzvimbo dzakatyoka kudivi rekurudyi uko kwakanamirwa kudzikamisa kwakachinjika kwekurudyi.
Zvikamu zvekurudyi yakachinjika stabilizer, elevator, uye chibatiso chekunamatira zvakatumirwa kuNational Transportation Safety Board Materials Laboratory kuti iongororwe zvakare. Magnified optical optical yenzvimbo dzakatsemuka dzakaratidza zvinhu zvinoenderana nekuparadzaniswa kwe overstress. Hapana chinoratidza kuneta kana kuora kwakaonekwa. Deformation uye mapatani ekutyoka mukati mekurudyi yakatsetseka stabilizer spars yairatidza iyo stabilizer tip inokotama uye iyo yezasi spar zvakare yaive nekubvaruka kumusoro kwewebhu.
Bhuku rekubhururuka kwendege rinoti: “kasira fambisa koramu yekudzora izere kumberi, isa chidzoreso chakazara chakatarisana nekwainotenderera, uye deredza simba painjini mbiri kuti dzisashande. Zviito zvitatu izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa padyo panguva imwe chete sezvinobvira, zvino ramba wakabata chinzvimbo ichi chekutonga kusvika kutenderera kwamira uye wozomisa zvidzoreso zvese uye kuita kudhonza kwakatsetseka. Ailerons anofanira kunge asina kwaakarerekera panguva yekupora. "
Huremu hwendege uye kuenzana kwayo zvakaverengerwa pakubhururuka kwayakaita tsaona. Pakati pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi (CG) yaifungidzirwa kuva inenge 6-7 mayunitsi aft yemuganhu. Nekuda kwepakati pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi (cg) riri padivi pemuganho, huremu hunobvumirwa huremu hwakanga husingakwanisi kutsanangurwa panguva yetsaona. Maererano neFAA Pilot Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge inoti, “CG sezvainofamba ichienda kumusoro, mamiriro ezvinhu asina kugadzikana anoitika, izvo zvinoderedza kukwanisa kwendege pachayo pashure pokufambisa kana kuti nyonganyonga.”
