Tourism muSri Lanka: Brain drain kana huropi kuwana?

Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka

Zvakawanda zvakataurwa nezvazvo nezvekushanya kwekushanya kweSri Lanka, uye nekushomeka kuri kuita kwevanhu kwekuti indasitiri ichafanirwa kusangana nayo.

Zvakawanda zvakataurwa nezvazvo, uye zvakakurukurwa pamusoro pekushanya kwekushanya kweSri Lanka, uye nekushomeka kuri kuita kwevanhu kwekuti indasitiri ichafanirwa kusangana nayo. Munguva pfupi yadarika chirongwa chakazvimirira chega, chakarongwa naWe Mutungamiri (cheUSAID) chakaburitsa mepu yemigwagwa inoshanda uye yakazara yekuti ungagadzirisa sei zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi. (Iwe Unotungamira: Sri-Lanka-Tourism uye Hospitality Workforce Kukwikwidzana Mugwagwa-2018-2023).

Kunyangwe huwandu hwakadzama uye ongororo zvichinetsa kutorwa nenzira kwayo nekuda kwekushayikwa kweruzivo rwakakodzera, zvinowanzo gamuchirwa kuti vangangoita zviuru zana vashandi vakananga pamatanho akasiyanasiyana vachazodiwa kushandira kukura kunotarisirwa muKushanya mumakore matatu anotevera. (Hupfumi Unotevera 100,000)

Iyo mepu yataurwa pamusoro pamepu inotsanangudza kekutanga, yakazvimirira chikamu chekuona izvo zvinofanirwa kuitwa, neakajeka matanho uye zvirongwa zvekuita. Inoongorora kushomeka kuri kuuya mumakore mashoma anotevera, inoongorora kuti ndedzipi dzimba dzekudzidzisa dzinowanikwa munyika, ndezvipi zvikanganiso, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa zvikanganiso izvi. Inotarisawo kudiwa kwekugadzira ruzivo rwakasimba pakati pevechidiki nezve akasiyana mikana yemabasa muindasitiri yekushanya kune vanhu vakasika.

Chimwe chinhu chakabatwa pamepu ino yemigwagwa huwandu hukuru hwevane ruzivo veSri Lankan vanoshanda kunze kwenyika, uye mazano ekuyedza kuvanyengerera kana zvibvumirano zvavo zvapera. Izvi zvakatungamira kukurukurirano yakati wandei nezve kubuda kwevashandi vakarovedzwa vanogamuchira vaenzi kuMiddle East neMaldives.

Nekudaro zvakanzwika kuti ino ichave iri nguva yakakodzera yekukurukura iyi nyaya zvakadzama mune monograph.

SRI LANKAN VASHANDI VEMASIMBA

Yemunharaunda basa

Icho chinhu chinozivikanwa kuti iyo Sri Lanka ine mwero wepamusoro wekuverenga we95% (Ministry of Yepamusoro Dzidzo) ine vashandi ve8,249,773 pamusoro pemakore gumi nemasere (Department of Census and Statistics 18). Iko kusashanda kwemabasa kuri nezve 2016%.

"Huwandu hwevakadzi vari kutora chikamu chevashandi veSri Lanka hwaderera kusvika pa36 muzana muna 2016 kubva pa41 muzana muna 2010" sekureva kweWorld Bank. Izvi zvakadzikira kwazvo kupfuura avhareji yepasirose ye54% (World Bank: Vashandi vechikadzi chikamu chevatori vechikamu 2016). Mumarudzi eAsia izvi zvinogona kuve nekuda kwekuroora, kurera vana, uye zvinoenderana mabasa epamba uye kusarura kwevanhukadzi.

Basa rekunze

Mari dzinotumirwa kuSri Lankans dzinoshanda kunze kwenyika dzakatora kukosha kwakanyanya kune hupfumi hweSri Lankan. Mazuva ano mari dzevashandi dzave mari inotenga mari yekunze yeSri Lanka uye mari yekubhadhara munyika yanga ichinyanya kutsamira pamari inowanikwa nevashandi vekunze. Kutumirwa kwevashandi muna2017 kwakadzikira 1.1 muzana kusvika US $ 7.16 bhiriyoni kubva paUS $ 7.24 bhiriyoni yakanyorwa panguva imwecheteyo ya2016. (Ceylon Nhasi 2018). Kukosha kwemari dzinotumirwa kuSri Lanka pakubhadharisa mari pamwe nehupfumi, kwakakura zvekuti vamwe vakatsanangura hupfumi hwenyika yeSri Lankan se'hupfumi hunoenderana nemari '.

Vashandi vekunze vekuSri Lanka vakakwira kusvika ku1,189,359 (ingangoita 14% yevashandi vari pamusoro pemakore gumi nemasere ekuberekwa muna Zvita 18 maererano negurukota rinoona nezvekunze kwenyika Thalatha Athukorala.

Iko kune avhareji 'kubuda' pagore kweanosvika mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu ezviuru ayo mazana matanhatu muzana muzana varume. Vasikana veimba vanosvika kusvika pa260,000%. (Sri Lanka Bureau Yekunze Employment -SLBFE 66).

Basa rekushanya renzvimbo

Tourism inoonekwa seimwe yemaindasitiri ekutanga anopa huwandu hwakawanda hwemikana yebasa kune vechidiki. The Sri Lanka Development Authority (SLTDA) 2016 mushumo wepagore wakaratidza kune 146,115 vashandi mumagiredhi ese mumabasa akananga muindasitiri. Nekudaro, indasitiri yekushanya ine mhedzisiro yakakura, uko kunofungidzirwa kuti ega ega mabasa zana akagadzirwa muSri Lankan tourism sector, anogadzira anenge zana nemakumi mana emabasa asina kunanga muzvikamu zvekuwedzera.WTTC, 2012). Zvichienderana neizvi, huwandu hwese hwevashandi vekushanya hweSri Lanka hunofanirwa kunge hwakatenderedza 205,000. Nekudaro, iyo chaiyo isina kurongeka chikamu chinosanganisira vakasiyana-siyana vekutengesa varume, vatengesi vemahombekombe, nezvimwewo vane chekuita nekushanya, vanosanganisira nhamba inotyisa. Nekudaro nyanzvi dzemaindasitiri dzine maonero ekuti iko kukanganiswa kwekushanya pakurarama kwevanhu kunogona kudarika mazana matatu ezviuru.

Sekureva kweSLTDA mamwe makamuri gumi nemashanu nemakumi matatu nemazana matatu nemazana matatu achauya mukushanda panosvika 15,346 mune 2020 zvivako zvitsva muchikamu chepamutemo. Munyori uyu akafungidzira kuti vashandi vatsva vanodiwa kuti vashandise makamuri matsva aya vanozosvika zviuru makumi masere nenomwe chete muchikamu chakananga / chepamutemo). Tichifunga nezve kuwanda kweiyo chikamu chisina kurongeka, huwandu uhwu hunogona kuwedzera kusvika kune vanopfuura mazana maviri ezviuru, zvichikonzera huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwevashandi mukushanya vangangoita zviuru mazana mashanu kana kupfuura panosvika 189. WTTC inotarisira kuti huwandu uhu huchakwira pa602,000 vanhu).

Izvi zvinobva zvoreva kuti ingangoita 7% -8% yevashandi veSri Lankan vachange vachiita zvekushanya na2020.

Vashandi vekushanya vemuno mune vekunze basa

Ichokwadi chinozivikanwa kuti huwandu hwakawanda hwevashandi vane hunyanzvi hwekugamuchira vaeni muSri Lank vanoshandiswa kuMiddle East neMaldives. Nekudaro, hapana huwandu hwakavimbika hweaya manhamba aripo.

Nekudaro dzimwe fungidziro dzekuchengetedza dzichaitwa seinotevera, kufungidzira idzi nhamba.

Hwerengedzo inofungidzirwa SL yevashandi kunze kwenyika: - 1,189,359
Peresenti yeVasikana vepaimba (Ref. SLFBE): - 26%
Fungidzira kuti 12% yeiyo isiri-imba yevasikana chikamu mabasa ane chekuita nekushanya.

Nekudaro pane izvi hwaro kuputsika kunofungidzirwa kuchave kunotevera:

pic 2 | eTurboNews | eTN

Ongororo iyi inoratidza kuti vamwe vashandi vanosvika zana nemakumi mana ezviuru zveSL vanogona kushandirwa kune dzimwe nyika. Sekureva kweSLFEB, paavhareji 140,000 vashandi vanoenda kunoshandira kunze kwenyika gore rega. Kana zviyero zvimwechetezvo zvataurwa pamusoro zvashandiswa, zvino zvinoreva kuti kukwezva kwegore kana 'kubuda' kwevashandi vekushanya gore rega rega kungave vangangoita zviuru makumi matatu.

Nyaya

Kubva pane ongororo yakakosha, zvinoonekwa kuti vamwe vashandi vekushanya vanosvika zana nemakumi mana vanoshandirwa kunze kwenyika uye nemazvo 'vanorasikirwa' vangangoita vashandi zviuru makumi matatu gore rega rega.

Iyo nyaya iriko saka ndeyekuti ichi chinhu chakanaka here kana chakaipa.

Pakutanga kuona zvinoita sekuti SL iri kurasikirwa nevashandi vayo vane hunyanzvi hwekushanya kune zvivakwa kunze kwenyika, izvo zvinonyatsoita 'drain drain'.

Zvisinei, kunyatsodzidza nezvezviitiko izvi kunoratidza mufananidzo wakasiyana.

Step 1 - Sezvo vazhinji vevashandi vezvekushanya vachiziva muindastiri indasitiri muSL, kazhinji, vechidiki vasina kudzidziswa vechidiki vanopinda nzvimbo yekutandarira kuti vatange basa ravo rekushandira mukugamuchira vaeni. Ivo vanotanga kubva kumahombekombe ezasi, kuwana ruzivo uye vanoshanda munzira yavo vachikwidza munzvimbo yepamusoro mudhipatimendi ravo rakasarudzwa kana munda. Kunyangwe hwaro hwekushambidzika uye hunhu hunodzidziswa munzvimbo yekutandarira. Naizvozvo, mazhinji akanaka emahotera emahotera ndeechokwadi nzvimbo dzekudzidzira dzevechidiki vanoda hoteli.

PIC 3 | eTurboNews | eTN

Step 2 - Mushure memamwe makore ekuwana ruzivo, muchengeti anokwira munzvimbo dzekutandarira kunzvimbo dzakakwirira dzebasa.

Step 3 - Pakupedzisira munhu wacho anogona kusiya nzvimbo yekutandarira kunoshanda muhotera yeguta re5-nyeredzi, kuti awane ruzivo uye ruzivo. Kazhinji kazhinji chiroto chejaya kushanda muhotera yekirasi yeguta, izvo zvinomupa kuratidzwa kwakazara kweindasitiri.

Step 4 - Mushure memamwe makore ebasa mu5-nyeredzi yeguta hotera, mudiki anoshuvira anogona kutsvaga basa kunze kwenyika. Mubhadharo wakanaka, pekugara, matikiti emhepo uye zvimwe zvakanaka zvinokwezva aya majaya nemhandara kunze kwenyika pabasa rekondirakiti. Mazhinji emahara emahotera emahara anoshanda muMiddle East neMaldives anotarisa vashandi vane ruzivo rwakanaka munzvimbo yechishanu-nyeredzi. Nekudaro, hachisi chinhu chisina kujairika kuona kubuda kwakadzikama kwevashandi vakadzidziswa kuenda kune dzimwe nyika kunoshanda ikoko.

Step 5 - Munzvimbo yakanaka yekugamuchira vaeni yekune dzimwe nyika, kunyanya nemhando dzepasi rose, pane mukana wepamusoro wezviitiko zvakanaka uye ruzivo, kazhinji zvinoshanda mukubatana kwepedyo nevanozivikanwa venyanzvi vepasi rose muminda. Nenzira iyi wechidiki anowana hupfumi hwezivo uye ruzivo apo achiripwa mushe pamabasa ake.

Step 6 - Yakawanda yakadai yekune dzimwe nyika basa iri pane yakatarwa kontrakiti, pamwe inogona kudzoreredzwa pamusoro pe mashoma macircule. Pakupedzisira mushandi anowana mari yakakwana yekurarama kumusha kuSri Lanka uye afunga kudzoka. Paanodzoka aine ruzivo rwake rutsva uye ruzivo pasi pebhandi rake, mazhinji mahotera muguta kana nzvimbo dzekuzorora dzinomutora zviri nyore, pachinzvimbo chakakwirira zvakanyanya kupfuura asati aenda.

Nekudaro, kutenderera kwakavharwa, nemushandi mudiki iye zvino ave pachinzvimbo chepamusoro pese pabasa uye munharaunda, aine imwe mari inochengetwa mubhangi yekutarisira mhuri yake.

mhedziso

Kubva pane ongororo uye kuongorora kwambotaurwa, zviri pachena kuti mune indasitiri yezvekushanya, kubuda kwevashandi vanoenda kunze kwenyika, kunogona kunge kusiri chinhu chakashata kune indasitiri. Vashandi vanoenda kunze kwenyika vanodzoka vane hunyanzvi uye vane ruzivo pakupera kwechibvumirano chavo kunze kwenyika.

Kune dzakawanda dzakadai nyaya dzinokurudzira uye dzakanaka dzekugamuchira vaeni vashandi vanodzoka. Nekudaro zvinogona kunge zvisiri dutu rese nerima kune indasitiri yehotera nekuda kwevashandi vanobva kuSri Lanka kunofara kunze kwenyika. Zvakasiyana nekuzvitora se'Bongo - Drain ', pamwe indasitiri yekugamuchira vaenzi inofanirwa kufunga izvi se'Bongo - Kuwana'.

 

Srilal Miththapala 1 | eTurboNews | eTN

Munyori, Srilal Miththapala, ane ruzivo rwekutanga rwekuona vashandi vakadaro vachidzoka mushure mekusimudzira mabasa avo kunze kwenyika. Imwe yakakosha kutaurwa ndeye yeGarden Maintenance Executive pane imwe nzvimbo yekutandarira munyori akabatanidzwa nayo. Uyu mushandi aive akapedza kudzidza nezvekurima uye akakurumidza kukwidziridzwa semushandi wezvekurima kuti atarise nharaunda nharaunda nhumbi. Akawana basa semubatsiri wehorticulturist kuRitz Carlton muBahrain, kwaakazopedzisira asimuka kuve mukuru wekurima weboka reMiddle East mashandiro, kuhwina mibairo yakati wandei pamarongedzero ebindu rehotera. Mushure mekushandira kwemakore gumi nemaviri, iye zvino adzoka, aine basa rakavhurika, kuti adzokere kuboka reRitz Carlton chero nguva.

Nezvomunyori

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Srilal Miththapala - eTN Sri Lanka

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