Kunonamata kuNormandy

GIVERNY - Kune chimwe chinhu chechipiri chimiro pamusoro penzvimbo dzedunhu reFrance reNormandy. Mushure mezvose, vashanyi vazhinji vane mufananidzo weiyi iconic locales yakamisikidzwa mukuziva kwavo nguva refu vasati vatombosvika. Zvakafanana nedhejà vu, zvichikonzerwa nezana ramakore rechi19 mafambiro ehunyanzvi akakurudzirwa nevanyori vanonzi ivo vanodhirowa.

Matenga anoshamisa pamhenderekedzo dzeDeauville; iyo yakajeka-yakawanda-yakapendwa quaint chiteshi che Honfleur; mawere ane hutongi eEtretat; iyo Cathedral paRouen kana runako rwakareruka rweminda yakadzikama yaClaude Monet kuGiverny. Ese masayiti aya akaurayiwa nekusadururika nekanzuru yeavo vanodhirowa avo, vanotungamira nemufananidzo wekusimbisa weMonet, vakagadzirisa hunyanzvi hwemazuva ano.

Mutambo wezhizha muNormandy watanga kukwevera vafambi kuenda kune kufungidzira. Vashanyi vanokurudzirwa kuti vaone kufamba kwesangano mumataundi, misha, uye nzvimbo dzenzvimbo ino yeFrance kuchamhembe kweParis. Hunhu hunovhenekera uye nzvimbo dzinoyevedza pano dzakwezva zvizvarwa zvevanyori uye mutambo wakashongedzwa uyu chiitiko chakakosha chekufungidzira. Iko kudzoka kwemarudzi.

Iyi nharaunda yeFrance pamhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kwenyika ndiyo nzvimbo yekuzvarwa yesangano rakazochinja pfungwa dzounyanzvi dzepanyika.

"Impressionism yaive mhedzisiro yeshanduko refu, iyo yakatanga pagungwa reNormand uye mubani reSeine muma1820s mushure memusangano wevanyori vechirungu avant-garde vakaita saTurner, Bonington, naCotman, nevamwe vavo veFrance Gericault, Delacroix, Isabey , ”Akadaro Jacques-Sylvain Klein, director weImpressionist Normandy festival uyezve munyori webhuku, Normandy, chivako chekufungidzira.

"Sangano iri rakaramba richichinja pano kubva mukufarira zvisikwa, pre-impressionism, uye pakupedzisira muma1870 patakanyatsosvika panguva yekufungidzira," akaenderera mberi.

Nepo kuratidzwa kukuru kweEurope nemifananidzo yayo yehunyanzvi uye yetsika nhoroondo yanga iri tsika yakareba kwenguva inopfuura mazana matatu emakore, uyu mutambo zvino unowedzera Normandy kunzira iyoyo yekushambadzira yenhoroondo ichibvumira vashanyi kutevedzera nhanho dzakatungamira kuchikwata chakaunza pendi kubva kuratidzwa kwemabourgeois achifamba mumahombekombe munzvimbo dzakakwirira kuitira kukoshesa mamiriro enzvimbo, zvisikwa, mwenje, uye nezvakawanda zvemavara.

Iyo nzira yekufungidzira yakasiya mucherechedzo wayo pano nekuyedza kwevanyori vakaita saJean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, nharaunda dzemunyori wechiDutch Johan Barthold Jongkind, uye kunyangwe muimbi weBritish JMW Turner, avo vese vanoratidza kubatana kwaNorman.

Asi angave aive mabhururu ekupenda eTrouville kumahombekombe egungwa uye akazara mabasa emhepo aEugene Boudin anotungamira mukumukira kwekuwana kwemudzidzi wake mudiki, Claude Monet. Raive Monet ra1872 kupenda Impression, Kubuda kwezuva nekusununguka kwaro kwemavara uye mwenje pachiteshi chengarava muLe Havre iyo yakazova chimiro chezita rekufungidzira; nongedzo mune yehunyanzvi iyo yaikoshesa ipapo ipapo kusununguka kwekuratidzira kwemavara uye mamiriro kune iyo nzvimbo.

Kubudikidza nemazana ezviitiko uye kuratidzira, ino inopfupisa yakawanda-yekuraira mutambo weEmpressionist Normandy inopa nyaya yakagadziriswa yekukudziridzwa kwefesitism kubudikidza nezvakaitika, nharaunda dzayakaberekerwa, uye kunyangwe kufamba kuri kuramba kuchikurudzira pane zvakasikwa zvehunyanzvi.

Ichi chiitiko, chinoenderera kusvika munaGunyana, chaive chipfungwa cheaimbove Mutungamiriri weFrance Laurent Fabius. Inoratidzira mazana maviri ekuratidzira mumazana nemisha nemataundi eNormandy. Mutambo uyu unotarisirwa kukwezva mazana nezviuru zvevashanyi kudunhu iri.

Uye kunyangwe iwe usingawani iwo huwandu hwakawanda hwehunyanzvi hwekufamba uko hwakagara-hwakaenda nzira yavo kuParis uye kuunganidzwa kwepasirese; zviratidziro zvenguva pfupi zvenguva pfupi, kuunganidzwa kwenzvimbo, uye nzvimbo chaidzo dzakatangwa nefungidziro dzinokwezva vashanyi munyika yezana ramakore rechi19.

Mumuganhu mudiki weHonfleur kumahombekombe ekumaodzanyemba kwechikepe cheRwizi Seine kune iyo Eugene Boudin Museum, yava kuitisa chiratidziro Honfleur, Pakati Petsika uye Yemazuva Ano, 1820-1900. Migwagwa yakamisikidzwa nedzimba dzekare inoratidza Honfleur, maresitoreti ayo madiki uye nekukurumidza anoonekwa port-maonero. Iyi yaivewo imba yenguva imwe chete yaEuguene Boudin, uye iyi pre-impressionist yakanangana nekuratidzira kunoisa hwaro kuburikidza nemifananidzo yaCamille Corot, Gustave Courbet, naEugene Boudin, avo vaizokurudzira Claude Monet kutanga kutora mapendi ake panze.

Zviratidziro zvinoshanduka zvemabhishi eNormandy hunhu hwekuchinja kwemaonero eanogadzira canvas. Kubva kumahombekombe emahombekombe aikoshesa hupenyu hwepamusoro hwezuva iri - maparasi uye vakadzi vakapfeka zvakanaka vakaperekedzwa nemabourgeois gentlemen, vanyori vemaficha vakavhiringidza huwandu uye vakapinza nzvimbo sendege yakabatana.

"Izvi zviitiko zvepamahombekombe zvaive shanduko panguva iyoyo," akadaro Rosaleen Aussenac, mutungamiri kuEugene Boudin Museum. “Muzana ramakore rechi19 pawakapenda vanhu, iwe waigara uine hunhu hukuru - mambokadzi kana mambokadzi wawaive wakakomberedza vatambi vakasiyana siyana. Asi shanduko dzakauya apo kamwe kamwe waive usina chokwadi chekuti ndiani mutambi mukuru uye munhu wese aive padanho rakaenzana. Uku kwaive kufunga kunoshamisa muzuva ravo. ”

Iyo ipfupi yekutyaira mukati megungwa iguta reCaen, imwe-nguva ducal estate yakavambwa naWilliam Mukundi muzana ramakore regumi nerimwe. Pano Caen Museum yeFine Arts iri kuisa paImpressionist prints, hupfumi kubva kuBibliotheque Nationale de France. Chiratidziro chemabasa zana nemakumi maviri chinosanganisira icho chakanyorwa naEdgar Degas, Edouard Manet, Camille Pisarro, nemabasa mashoma aMary Cassatt. Chiratidziro ichi chinoratidzira zvishoma kupfuura kuti hunhu hwekupusa hwakadudzira zvisina tsarukano kune yekudhinda svikiro uye hunobvumidza kuramba kwaClaude Monet kuve nechekuita mukudhinda kuita.

Kuchiteshi chengarava-guta reLe Havre, iyo Malraux Museum inozvirumbidza iunganidzwa inoremekedzwa yemifananidzo yekuratidzira. Vhiki rino miziyamu ichatanga chiratidziro Chisina Kuburitswa Degas: Degas kubva kuSenn Donation, muunganidzwa wemamwe makumi maviri nemashanu asina kudhirowa dhizaini uye vafundisi vaEdgar Degas vakaunganidzwa nemuzana ramakore rechi205 mutengesi wedonje uye muteresi wemifananidzo Olivier Senn.

Guta reRouen ndeimwe nzvimbo yekumira munzira yekufungidzira muNormandy. Kudongorera kubva kuchitoro chenguva imwechete yenguo yepasi pechechi kubva kuKathedral kuRouen kunokupa izvo zvingangove maonero akasarudzika enzvimbo chaiyo iyo Claude Monet akapenda makumi matatu anozivikanwa mawonero enzvimbo inoshamisa yekunamatira.

Mazhinji emapendi anozivikanwa zvino echechi yeRouen, akaurayiwa naMonet muna 1892 na1893, ari kushamisika pakuona pane kuratidzwa kwakazara kwemutambo, Guta reImpressionism: Monet, Pissarro, uye Gaughin muRouen. Yakapihwa kuRouen Fine Arts Museum, zana nemakumi matatu emabasa akakosha akaunganidzwa kubva kune zvakavanzika uye neruzhinji muunganidzwa, mamwe acho asina kumboratidzwa muFrance.

Nguva refu mushure mekunge asiya mucherechedzo pachizvarwa chevanyori, vakasimba vane zera repakati, vane ndebvu chena vane ndebvu Claude Monet nemhuri yake panguva iyoyo vakagara mumusha mudiki weNormand weGiverny. Yakanga iri pano muNormand nzvimbo iyo iyo zvakare yakawanazve kuda kwekugara. Achiti iye "aingogona chete kupenda uye kurima gadheni," pamusoro pemakore akatevera akafamba nezve kugadzirwa kweanorarama yake yehunyanzvi; zvakasununguka-zvakasimwa mapindu, dziva diki, uye bhiriji reJapan iro raaizopenda zvakanyanya mumakore ake ekupedzisira.

"NaGiverny, Monet akakwanisa kusanganisa zvishuwo zvake zviviri sezvaakaramba achirarama semunhu anogara pamba pano," akadaro Laurent Echaubard, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weGiverny-based Foundation Claude Monet, "Sezvaakakura aizoita kukura." matambudziko ehutano uye Giverny yaizove yake imwechete sosi yekurudziro. Aizoenderera achipenda pano kudzamara afa. ”