Qatar Air Blockade Kutonga: Kukunda UAE, Bahrain, Egypt, uye Saudi Arabia

Idzi inhau dzakanaka kwete chete dze Qatar Mhepos, asi kuQatar serudzi.

Nhanho nhanho nharo dzeSaudi Arabia, Bahrain, Egypt, uye United Arab Emirates kuratidza kuti mhepo yavo yakatarisana neQatar iri kubviswa, uye chinzvimbo cheQatar chakasimbiswa. Aya ndiwo mazwi egurukota rezvekutakurwa kweQatar, Jassim Saif Ahmed Al-Sulaiti vachipindura mutongo wakapihwa neInternational Court of Justice kuNetherlands nhasi.

MunaJune we2018, Qatar yakatyisidzirwa nevavakidzani vayo Bahrain, Egypt, iyo UAE, neSaudi Arabia kuti ichinjwe kuita chitsuwa.

Nhasi, mukukunda kukuru kweQatar, Dare reInternational Court reHague rakatonga muna Chikunguru 14 kuti mutungamiriri wezve ndege weUN ane mvumo yekunzwa kunyunyuta pamusoro pekuvharirwa “zvisiri pamutemo” kwakaitwa Qatar kweanopfuura makore matatu neSaudi Arabia , Bahrain, Egypt, uye United Arab Emirates.

Muna Chikumi 2017, bloc inotungamirwa neSaudi yakadimbura hukama hwehukama neQatar, ichipomera nyika yakapfuma zvisingaite asi nyika diki yekutsigira hugandanga hwepasi rose nekuita mukutsigira Iran - muvengi mukuru wedunhu reSaudi Arabia. Miganhu yakabva yangovharwa uye veQatari vemunyika vakadzingwa kubva kune dzaivharira nyika mune izvo zvisati zvagadziriswa gakava.

Ndege chete yekutengesa muQatar ndeyehurumende yeQatar Airways iyo yaifanira kutanga kutsausa ndege dzayo kutenderedza nzvimbo dzemhepo dzenyika dzinovharira. Ndege yendege yaivewo ne4 neimwe misika yakura yakaparadzwa pakarepo.

Nyika yeQatar yakamhan'arira UN's International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) mukuyedza kuhwina mutongo wekuti kuvharirwa kwaive zvisiri pamutemo izvo zvaizotendera Qatar Airways kutanga kubhururuka zvakasununguka pamusoro peSaudi Arabia, Bahrain, Egypt, uye United Arab Emirates.

ICAO yakapa mutongo wekuti yaive nekodzero yekunzwa chichemo asi bloc inotungamirwa neSaudi yakakwidza danho rakazopedzisira raenda kuInternational Court of Justice. ICJ yakaramba zvese zvikonzero zvitatu zvekukwidza zvakasimudzwa nebato rinotungamirwa neSaudi, ichiona kuti ICAO ine simba rekunzwa zvataurwa neQatar.

Nyika dzakadzivirira dzainge dzaedza kupokana kuti ndege dzepasi rese dzinotonga pamusoro pekushandiswa kwenzvimbo yemhepo - inozivikanwa seChicago Convention - haina kushanda nekuti mamiriro aive akakura zvakanyanya, uye blockade yaingova mhedzisiro yakanangana neQatar kutsigira nekupa mari magandanga.

Gurukota rinoona nezvekutakurwa muQatar, Jassim Saif Ahmed Al-Sulaiti, vakapindura mutongo uyu vachiti nyika dzinotungamirwa neSaudi dzinogona "kuzotarisana nematare edzimhosva nekuda kwekutyora mutemo wepasi rose."

"Nhanho nhanho nharo dzavo dziri kubviswa, uye chinzvimbo cheQatar chakasimbiswa," akaenderera mberi.

Kukwidza Kunoenderana nehutongi hweICAO Council pasi peChinyorwa 84 cheConferensi yeInternational Civil Aviation (Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia neUnited Arab Emirates v. Qatar)

Dare rinoramba kukwidza kwakaunzwa neBahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabi, uye United Arab Emirates kubva Mutongo weICAO Council

HAGUE, 14 Chikunguru 2020. Dare reInternational Court reJustice (ICJ), bazi rinotonga reUnited Nations, nhasi ratura mutongo waro paKwidzwa Kukwikwidzana Nesimba reICAO Council pasi peChitsauko 84 cheConferensi yeInternational Civil. Kubhururuka (Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia uye United Arab Emirates v. Qatar).

Mukutongwa kwaro, kunova kwekupedzisira, pasina kukwikwidza nekusunga Mapato, Dare

(1) inoramba, pamwe chete, kukwidzwa kwakaunzwa neHumambo hweBahrain, Arab Republic yeEjipitori, Humambo hweSaudi Arabia neUnited Arab Emirates musi wa4 Chikunguru 2018 kubva Chisarudzo cheKanzuru yeInternational Civil Aviation Organisation, yakanyorwa 29 Chikumi 2018;

(2) inobata, nemavhoti gumi nemashanu kune rimwe, kuti Kanzuru yeInternational Civil Aviation Organisation ine simba rekufadza chikumbiro chakaunzwa kwairi neHurumende yeHurumende yeQatar musi wa30 Gumiguru 2017 uye kuti chikumbiro chakataurwa chinogamuchirwa.

Nhoroondo yezvakaitika

Nechikumbiro chakabatana chakamisikidzwa muRegistry yeDare musi wa4 Chikunguru 2018, Hurumende dzeBahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, neUnited Arab Emirates dzakakwidza chikumbiro chakanangana nesarudzo yakapihwa neICAO Council musi wa29 Chikumi 2018 mukutongwa kwakaunzwa pamberi kanzuru na
Qatar musi wa30 Gumiguru 2017, zvichiteerana neChinyorwa 84 cheConferensi yeInternational Civil Aviation (iyo "Chicago Convention"). Idzo nhanho dzakatangwa zvichitevera kudzvanywa neHurumende dzeBahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia neUnited Arab Emirates yehukama hwehukama neQatar uye kugamuchirwa, musi wa5 Chikumi 2017, enhanho dzekudzivirira dzine chekuita netambo yepasi, yegungwa uye yemuchadenga yekutaurirana ne iyo State, iyo yaisanganisira zvimwe zvinomisa ndege. Zvinoenderana neBahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, uye United Arab Emirates, idzi
matanho ekudzvanyirira akatorwa mukupindura kutyorwa kweQatar nezvezvisungo zvayo pasi pezvimwe zvibvumirano zvepasi rose izvo States zviri mapato, kusanganisira, kunyanya, chibvumirano cheRiyadh che23 na24 Mbudzi 2013, uye nezvimwe zvisungo pasi pemutemo wepasi rose.

Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, pamwe neUnited Arab Emirates vakasimudzira kupokana pamberi peICAO Council, vachipokana kuti kanzuru haina masimba "ekugadzirisa zvirevo zvakasimudzwa" neQatar mukushandisa kwayo uye kuti zvirevo izvi hazvigamuchirwe. Nesarudzo yayo ye
29 Chikumi 2018, Dare rakaramba kuramba uku. Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, uye United Arab Emirates nokudaro vakasarudza kukwidza sarudzo pamberi peDare, sezvakapihwa neChinyorwa 84 cheChicago Convention, ndokumhan'arira Chikumbiro chakabatana.

Mukukumbira kwavo kwakabatana kuDare, Vakwikwidza vanokwidza zvikonzero zvitatu zvekukwidza Sarudzo yakapihwa neICAO Council musi wa 29 Chikumi 2018. Chekutanga, vanotaura kuti Sarudzo yeKanzuru "inofanirwa kusendekwa padanho nekuti maitiro akagamuchirwa na [ iyo yekupedzisira] yaive nekukanganisa uye iri kutyora misimboti yezvakakodzera maitiro uye kodzero yekunzwikwa ”. Munyaya yavo yechipiri yekukwirira, vanotaura kuti Kanzuru "yakakanganisa pachokwadi uye mumutemo mukuramba kuramba kwekutanga. . . maererano nekwaniso yeICAO Council ”.

Sekureva kweVanokwikwidza, kuti vataure pagakava iri zvinoda kuti kanzuru itonge pamusoro pemibvunzo inowira kunze kwenzvimbo yavanotonga, kunyanya pamusoro pekutendeseka kwematanho, kusanganisira "mamwe maratidziro enhandare yemhepo", akagamuchirwa neVakwikwidza. Mune imwe sarudzo, uye nezvikonzero zvakafanana, vanopokana kuti zvirevo zveQatar hazvigamuchirwe. Pasi pechikonzero chavo chechitatu chekukwikwidza, vanopikisa kuti Kanzuru yakatadza payakaramba kuramba kwavo kwechipiri kwekutanga.

Kupokana uku kwakange kwakavakirwa pane chirevo chekuti Qatar yakanga yakundikana kugutsa chisungo chekutaurirana chiri muChinyorwa 84 cheChicago Convention, uye nekudaro kanzuru yakashaikwa masimba. Sechikamu chekupokana uku, vakapokana zvakare kuti zvataurwa neQatar zvaive zvisinga gamuchirwe
nekuti Qatar yakanga isina kuteedzera zvinodiwa nemaitiro zvakatemwa muChinyorwa 2, subparagraph (g), yeICAO Mitemo yeKugadzikana KweMisiyano

Maumbirwo eDare

Dare rakanyorwa seinotevera: Mutungamiri Yusuf; Mutevedzeri weMutungamiri Xue; Vatongi Tomka, Abraham, Cançado Trindade, Donoghue, Gaja, Sebutinde, Bhandari, Robinson, Crawford, Gevorgian, Salam, Iwasawa; Vatongi vanotaura nezveBerman, Daudet; Registrar Gautier.

Mutongi CANÇADO TRINDADE anokwidziridza imwe pfungwa kuKutongwa kweDare; Mutongi GEVORGIAN anoisa chirevo kuKutongwa kweDare; Mutongi ad hoc BERMAN anoisa imwe pfungwa kune Kutongwa kweDare.

Dare reInternational Court reJustice (ICJ) ndiro rinotungamira dare reUnited Nations.

Yakagadzwa neChibvumirano cheUnited Nations muna Chikumi 1945 ndokutanga zviitiko zvacho muna Kubvumbi 1946. Dare rinoumbwa nevatongi gumi nevashanu vakasarudzwa kwetemu yemakore mapfumbamwe neGeneral Assembly neSecurity Council yeUnited Nations. Chigaro cheDare iri paRunyararo Palace muHague (Netherlands). Dare rine basa rakapetwa kaviri: chekutanga, kugadzirisa, zvinoenderana nemutemo wepasi rose, kuburikidza nemitongo ine simba rinosunga uye isina kukwikwidza kumapato ane chekuita, makakatanwa epamutemo akaunzwa kwairi neMatunhu; uye, chechipiri, kupa mazano pamusoro pemibvunzo yepamutemo yakatumirwa kwairi nenhengo dzakabvumiranwa dzeUnited Nations nemasangano ehurongwa