Vafambi vari kunetseka nekukwira kwemitengo yendege, kukanzurwa kwendege, uye tara dzakazara vanhu vari kunzwa chimwe chikonzero chekuti vafungezve nezvekufamba nendege.
Vamwe vanoti kubhururuka nendege hakuna kunaka.
Pakutanga mwedzi uno, vavakidzani nevanorwira zvakatipoteredza vakaita zviitiko muBritain yese kuratidza kunetsekana nezvekutengesa ndege. Vachipa masiki eMutungamiriri wehurumende Gordon Brown uye nendege dzinosimudza makadhibhodi, vakadaidzira hurumende kuti ichengetedze kubuda kwekabhoni kubva mundege uye kukwidza mari dzekuti vasarambe vachibhururuka.
Seri kwechiito ichi pane gakava rakavakirwa patsika riri kuedza kunyadzisa vanofamba nendege munyika dzakabudirira kuti vabhururuke zvishoma. The nub: Nyika haifanire kutambura nemhedzisiro yeindasitiri iri kukurumidza kukura (kana yanetsa) yekufambisa mhepo. Nekudaro, gakava rinoenda, mutengi ane tsika anofanirwa kufunga kaviri asati atenga matikiti endege.
“Kana tichizoderedza kubatsira kunoita kufamba nendege mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, saka vanhu vari munyika dzakapfuma vane mutoro wokuti vatarise tsika dzavo dzokubhururuka nendege,” anodaro John Stewart, sachigaro weAirportWatch, mubatanidzwa weBritain wokuderedza kubhururuka nendege nendege. kuwedzera. Imhaka yekuti vazhinji vanobhururuka nendege havagare munyika dzichiri kusimukira, anodaro.
Kufungidzira kwekukura kukuru kwekufamba nendege kuri kukonzera nharo dzetsika dzanhasi. Sangano reWorld Tourism Organisation rinoronga kuti huwandu hwevafambi vekune dzimwe nyika hwekutandara hupeta kaviri kubva pa842 miriyoni muna 2006 kusvika pamabhiriyoni 1.6 muna 2020. Vazhinji vevafambi ivavo vanotarisirwa kuenda nendege.
Sainzi haina kumisa nyaya yetsika. Kuburitswa kwendege parizvino kuri kuita 3 muzana yekubuda gasi rinopisa pasi rose, sekureva kwaDaniel Sperling, director weInstitute of Transportation Studies paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Davis. Anoti kukwira chitima kuyambuka United States kunoburitsa mhepo inosvika makumi maviri muzana kubva muzana pane avhareji yendege yekuyambuka nyika. Asi kuita rwendo uri wega mumotokari kunoburitsa kabhoni inosvika makumi matanhatu nenhanhatu pamakiromita epaavhareji kupfuura avhareji yekubhururuka.
Kuti kubhururuka nendege kunokuvadza zvakatipoteredza kunogamuchirwa nevakawanda. Gakava retsika rinotsamira panzvimbo pamibvunzo yakadai sokuti: Kukuvadzwa kwakadini kunogamuchirwa? Kubhururuka kunopembedzwa riini? Uye betsero dzokudyidzana kwetsika, dzinoitwa kuti dzibvire kupfurikidza nokubhururuka, dzinopfuura rini mari inotakurwa nemhoteredzo naavo vanogara pedyo nenjanji dzendege?
Zviremera zvetsika dzakasiyana-siyana zvakapindirana. Muna 2006, Bhishopi weAnglican weLondon, John Chartres, akati kubhururuka nendege kune imwe nyika kuzororo “chiratidzo chechivi” nokuti kunofuratira “chinodikanwa chikuru chokufamba pasi pano. Vezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza vakarongawo kubhururuka senyaya yehunhu sezvo zvichinzi zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza mukutsvaga zvisina basa. "Unogona kuva mutsvene wezvakatipoteredza - tyaira motokari yakasanganiswa, gadzirisa, chengetedza mvura yako - uye kana ukatora ndege imwe chete, inoputika kabhoni yako kubva mumvura," anodaro Elle Morrell, director wegreen-lifestyle. chirongwa kuAustralia Conservation Foundation. Imwe ndege yerwendo rwokudzoka kubva kuSydney ichienda kuNew York City, anodaro, inogadzira yakawandisa mumhepo yecarbon-dioxide pamunhu mumwe nemumwe sezvo avhareji yeAustralia yaizoburitsa mugore rose risingabhururuka.
"Tinokumbira vanhu kuti vatore izvi zvakanyanya," Ms. Morrell vanodaro, "uye vadzivise kufamba nendege kwavanogona."
Kupokana netarisiro yekunyepedzera, indasitiri yendege iri kudzokera kumashure. Air Transport Association, boka revatengesi vane nhengo dzinosanganisira vatakuri veUS, vanoti indasitiri iri kugara ichivandudza kushanda kwemafuta uye kuderedza ruzha. Uye kushandisa vamwe vanhu mamirioni gumi nemazana mana kunogona kuve nekukosha kwehunhu pachahwo, anodaro mutauriri weATA, David Castelveter. "Ingave kurudziro ine musoro here kana inoshanda kupa kuti vanhu vabhururuke zvishoma, zvichipihwa huwandu hwemabasa uye zviitiko zvehupfumi zvinofambiswa neindasitiri yendege?" VaCastelveter vanodaro. “Tinoti mhinduro ndeyokuti, ‘Aiwa. Titenderei kuti tirambe tichitarisa nzira dzekudzikisa huturu.' ”
Ndege hadzisi dzoga mukugadzira nyaya yetsika yekubhururuka. Mumwe mudziviriri ndiMartha Honey, mukuru mukuru weThe Center on Ecotourism and Sustainable Development, Washington, DC-based research organisation. Anotaura kuti kuchengetedzwa kwechisikigo munyika zhinji dzichiri kusimukira kunogona kusimudzira misheni yavo chete nerutsigiro kubva kune vashanyi vekunze vanobhururuka ikoko.
“Pane zvese zvine chekuita nekushanya, kufamba nendege ndiko kuri kukanganisa zvakanyanya maererano nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Icho ichokwadi chose,” Muzvare Honey vanodaro. “Asi sangano reEurope rinoti, ‘Gara kumba; usakwira ndege' zvine njodzi kunyika dzine urombo … idzo dzinonyanya kukosha kuwana mari kubva kushanya dzinobva kune zvakasikwa. Zvakatoipawo isu sevanhu kuti tisafambe tichiona nyika. Mubvunzo ndewokuti, 'Unozviita sei, uye uchizviita noungwaru?' ”
Huchi inokurudzira kutora mamwe matanho ekuderedza kukanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze. Kana vangosvika kune imwe nzvimbo, anodaro, vafambi vanogona kusarudza zvifambiso zvepasi zvisingadhuri. Vanogona zvakare kutenga ma carbon offsets, ayo anowanzo tsigira zvirongwa zvekudyara miti kana mamwe-simba masosi, mukuyedza kudzikamisa kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwenzendo dzavo.
Vamwe vamiriri vekufamba zvine hungwaru, zvisinei, vanoyeuchidza vanobhururuka kuti zvigadziriso hazvibvisi zvakanaka uye nyore kubvisa kabhoni inogadzirwa nejaunts.
“Kuregeredza kunowanzoshandiswa sechishandiso chebvumirano [nehana yomunhu] kuti ‘Hei, ndinogona kubhururuka, ndinotofanira kurega,’” anodaro Tricia Barnett, mutungamiriri weTourism Concern, sangano rokuBritain rinotsigira vanhu vomunzvimbomo. uye nharaunda dzakakanganiswa nekufamba. "Iyoyo haisiriyo mhinduro." Anokurudzira vanofamba nendege kuti vaedzewo kuwedzera parwendo rwavo kuti vadye chikafu chakasimudzwa munharaunda, kushandisa zvifambiso zveveruzhinji, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura.
PaClimate Institute, boka reWashington, DC-rikatarisana nemhinduro dzekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, Director John Topping haanzwe chikonzero chikuru chekuti vanobhururuka vanzwe vaine mhosva. Anoona musika sekutotyaira mamwe maitiro anorerutsa kudzvanywa kwemamiriro ekunze. Vafambi vebhizinesi vanochengetedza mari nekuita misangano chaiyo, anodaro, uye vanofamba-famba mapfupi vanoona kuti dzimwe nguva vanogona kushandisa nguva shoma nemari pakufamba nekukwira mabhazi nekunzvenga nhandare dzendege. Tichitarisa kune ramangwana, Virgin Atlantic ndege dziri kuongorora kushandiswa kwebiofuels mundege. Parizvino, zvifambiso zvinongogumira kune izvo zvinofambiswa nepetroleum-based jet fuels.
Asi sezvo vanhu vekuAmerica vachiwanzotyaira mota kupfuura zvavanobhururuka, vamwe vamiriri vanokurudzira kuti vatange vagadzirisa maitiro avo emumugwagwa.
“Zvinobatsirei kusakwira ndege,” anobvunza kudaro Julia Bovey, mukuru wezvekufambiswa kwemashoko weNational Resources Defense Council, “kana uri kutyaira uchienda kubasa zuva nezuva mumotokari inosvika mamaira 12 kuenda kumarita?”
csmonitor.com
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- “If we’re going to reduce aviation’s contribution to climate change, then the onus is on people in the rich world to look at their flying habits,”.
- One round-trip flight from Sydney to New York City, she says, generates as much in carbon-dioxide emissions per passenger as an average Australian would generate in an entire flightless year.
- “Would it be a logical or practical recommendation to suggest that people fly less, given the amount of jobs and economic activity that the aviation industry drives.
