Mipumburu yeGungwa Rakafa yekutsvaga kuratidzwa

1. Kuvigwa pasi pevhu mubako muRenje reJudea zvinhu zvakawanikwa izvozvi zvakawanikwa nevanochera matongo veIsrael nevanoongorora.
2. Kuwanikwa uku kunosanganisira zvidimbu zveganda zvemipumburu yemubhaibheri yevaporofita vadiki gumi nevaviri.
3. Yekutanga Mipumburu yeGungwa Rakafa yakawanikwa muna1947 apo vapambi vakapinda mubako uye netsaona vakaiwana, uye wanga uri mujaho pakati pevapambi nevanochera matongo kubva ipapo.

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Yekutanga Kuwanikwa kweMipumburu yeGungwa Rakafa mune angangoita makumi matanhatu emakore kwakaziviswa munaKurume 6 neIsrael Antiquities Authority (IAA), zvichiratidza kukunda kukuru kune vanochera matongo uye kuita kufarira kwevapambi. Uku kutsva kutsva kunoratidza kuratidzwa kwazvino pakati pemapoka maviri aya.

Israeri inyika iyo hafu yenyika inoonekwa senzvimbo yekare yezvakaitika kare, uye masikati machena, sekutaura, vanochera matongo nevanochera zvisiri pamutemo vari kuita nhangemutange yeruzhinji kuti vaone kuti ndiani anogona kutanga kuisa maoko pazvigadzirwa zvekutanga.

Kuburikidza nekushanda kwazvino, iyo Israel vanochera matongo uye vaongorori vakakwanisa kusvika pazvinhu zvakavigwa mubako muRenje reJudhiya zvisati zvazivikanwa nekutorwa nevapambi, Joe Uziel, mukuru we Mipumburu yeGungwa Rakafa unit kuIAA, yakaudza The Media Line. Mukuwedzera, ivo "vakavawana mumamiriro avo epakutanga," akadaro.

Kuwanikwa uku kunosanganisira zvidimbu zveganda zvemipumburu yemubhaibheri yevaporofita vadiki gumi nevaviri, kunyanya mabhuku aZekariya naNahumi, akanyorwa muchiGiriki chekare. Zvakare zvakawanikwa mubako, rakanzi "Gomba Rezvinotyisa" nekuti raingogona kusvikwa nekudzokorora pasi padombo chairo, aive makore zviuru zvitanhatu-mafupa emwana uye hombe, izere bhasiketi inotangira makore gumi nemazana mashanu, munyika.

Renje reJudhiya, Uziel akadaro, inzvimbo yekuba zvinhu nekuti mamiriro ekunze anochengetedza zvinhu nenzira isingagone kumwe kunhu.

Mipumburu yeGungwa Rakafa kunyanya inosimbisa kukwikwidza pakati pevanochera matongo nevapambi.

Yekutanga Mipumburu yeGungwa Rakafa yakawanikwa mu1947 apo vapambi vakapinda mubako uye netsaona vakaiwana, Uziel akadaro, kunyangwe nhoroondo zhinji dzenhoroondo dzichiti mukomana mudiki mufudzi ndiye akatanga kuwanikwa. “Zvino, mumashure, mukati memakore makumi mana nemakumi mashanu, paive nemhando yemakwikwi pakati pevapambi nevanochera matongo kuyedza kusvika kumapako kutanga. Nguva zhinji, vapambi ndivo vakatanga vasvikako, ”akadaro.

Dambudziko iri rakawedzera mukati megore rapfuura, pamwe nekuti vanhu vazhinji vaive vasina mabasa, saka vakatanga kutsvaga zvekare zvinhu zvekare kuti vatengese.

Prof. Noam Mizrahi, mudzidzisi mukuru muDhipatimendi reBhaibheri paHebrew University yeJerusalem haabvumirani neichi chimiro chevanochera matongo zvisiri pamutemo, kunyanya avo vakawana Mipumburu yeGungwa Rakafa.

"Handina chokwadi chekuti vanozozvitsanangura sevapambi, izvo zvatoratidza maonero enzvimbo iyi," akadaro. "Mipumburu yekutanga yeGungwa Rakafa yakawanikwa nevafudzi vechiBedouin netsaona uye vanhu pavakangonzwisisa kuti kwaive kuwanikwa chaiko, vafudzi nevamwe vanhu vakaenda kuJudea Desert kuti vaone kana paine zvimwe zvakawanikwa zverudzi urwu, zvavakawana," akadaro akadaro.

Nyanzvi dzezvokuchera matongo dzinoti zvakakosha kuti utange kusvika kune zvigadzirwa zvekutanga kuti uzviwane zvisina kuvhiringidzika nenzira sezvinobvira.

Panyaya yekutsvaga kutsva, zvakawanikwa mubako rakacherwa nevanochera matongo mushure mekuchera zvisina mvumo.

"Kana mamiriro ekuchera matongo akanganiswa, ipapo huwandu hweruzivo hworasika zvachose," akadaro Mizrahi. "Mumamiriro ekuchera matongo, isu tinogara tine mazano mune nyaya yekutsvagiswa, uye nyaya yekudzingwa inotitaurira zvakawanda nezve nzanga netsika yenguva iyoyo."

"Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei paine rudzi rwemujaho nekuti vanochera matongo vanodzidza zvakawanda kubva muchirevo umo mipumburu iyi nezvimwe zvinhu" zvakazorora, akawedzera.

Zvakadaro, zvitsva zvakawanikwa hazvina kuvhiringidzwa zvakakwana kuti zvipe vanochera matongo zano rekuti mipumburu yacho yakasiiwa riini mubako.

"Ngatitii tinotora izvo zvatawana uye tinoita ongororo yakakosha kuti tizviongorore, sekufambidzana neradiocarbon, iyo ingatarise mupumburu, asi zvaisazotiudza payakaiswa mubako uye ndicho chikamu chakakosha chenyaya," Uziel akadaro.

"Hatina kufambidzana tichishandisa radiocarbon, asi isu tinoziva paleographically maringe nemhando dzetsamba dzinotangira kune zana zana makore apfuura kubva kwayakawanikwa," akadaro Uziel. "Yakaendeswa imomo nevapanduki vaitiza mauto eRoma uye vaive vakahwanda uye vakamirira zuva ravanogona kudzoka."

"Izvi zvinotitaurira zvakawanda nezvekukosha kwakaita mupumburu kuvanhu ava nekuti kana ukatarisa pane zvinoda vanhu kana kushushikana, vanoenda navo izvo zvakakosha kwazvo," akadaro.

Kuchera zvisiri pamutemo idambudziko rakadai muIsrael zvekuti IAA ine yuniti yakazara yakatsaurirwa kumisa kuchera kusingatenderwe.

Nyaya iyi yakatangira pakagadzwa nyika yeIsrael uye iri kuramba ichitowedzera, sekutaura kwaDr.Eitan Klein, mutevedzeri wemukuru webazi rezvekudzivirira kuba kuAAA.

Klein akataura kuti vaongorori veIAA, avo vanobvumidzwa kuita pasi pemutemo semapurisa, vanowana dzinosvika mazana matatu emakesi ekupamba gore rega rega muIsrael.

"Dambudziko iri rakawedzera mukati megore rapfuura, pamwe nekuti vanhu vazhinji vaive vasina mabasa, saka vakatanga kutsvaga zvekare zvinhu zvekare kuti vatengese," akadaro.

Mutemo wekare weIsrael wakagadzwa muna 1978, nhungirwa yemutemo unopesana nemaitiro akasimbiswa panguva yeBritish mandate, iyo inosimbisa kuti chega chega chigadzirwa ndecenyika yechiJuda. Mutemo unorambidzawo kushandiswa kwesimbi inoongorora, kuchera panzvimbo dzekare nekutengesa zvinhu zvipi nezvipi zvakawanikwa panzvimbo dzekare pasina mvumo.

Nzvimbo dzekare dzinovhurwa apo nyanzvi yezvinocherwa mumatongo kubva kuIAA inopinda mune imwe nharaunda uye inowana zvisaririra zvechinhu cheakaitika kana nzvimbo kekutanga, mushure meizvozvo marongero acho anoziviswa kuzviremera Pane imwe nguva yakasimbiswa sekare, nharaunda dzesaiti dzinoburitswa.

"MuIsrael, tine nzvimbo dzinopfuura makumi matatu neshanu dzakare dzisina West Bank uye gore rega rega tinowana zvimwe," akadaro Klein. "Chaizvoizvo, hafu yenyika, nyika yeIsrael, inzvimbo yekare."

Kamwe kana mamiriro ekuchera matongo akanganiswa, ipapo huwandu hweruzivo hworasika zvachose.

Chirango chekuchera zvisiri pamutemo chibhadhariso uye / kana kusvika makore mashanu mutirongo, asi Klein anoti matare anowanzopa mutongo wegore rimwe kusvika kumakore maviri.

Mutevedzeri wemutungamiriri anoti hondo yekurwisa kupamba inoitika kunzvimbo dzakasiyana.

"Tiri kurwisana nayo munzira zhinji, tinoiti" nzira yeIsrael yakabatana yekurwisa kutengeswa zvisiri pamutemo kwezvinhu zvekare nekubiwa, "akadaro Klein.

Anoti zviito zvinoda kutorwa "kuvapambi vari mumunda kuti vavabate panguva yekuchera zvisiri pamutemo; kupokana nepakati, iye munhu anotora chigadzirwa kubva kune mupambi ndokuuya nacho kumutengesi wekare; kurwisana nevatengesi - nguva zhinji hazvisi pamutemo kutengesa mhando dzakadai. "

"Kumwe kurwa kubiridzira zvinhu zvekare," Klein akawedzera. “Unofanirwa kuve nevanhu kumiganhu yenyika pamwe nepasi rose. "Tiri kutarisawo kumaokisheni uye kuunganidzwa kwakavanzika kune dzimwe nyika kuti tione kana chimwe chinhu chakabiwa muIsrael chakabudirira kusiya nyika."

Mutevedzeri wemutungamiriri anotora basa rechikamu chake nhanho.

"Kana tiri kubata mapoka makumi matanhatu evapambi gore rega uye toisa maoko edu pamazana ezvekare zvisiri pamutemo gore rega, kwandiri zvinoita sekunge tiri kuita basa rakanaka, asi zvakadaro pane zvakawanda zvekuita," akadaro.

Nhasi, sekureva kwaUziel, vanochera matongo vari kuita mujaho wakasiyana nevacheri vasiri pamutemo pane zvavaive vakaita pakawanikwa Manyoro eGungwa Rakafa.

"Rudzi rwakasiyana rwemakwikwi nekuti izvozvi tiri kuyedza kudzivirira kupamba zvachose, hatisi kuyedza kuwana chero chaicho kutsvaga, A kana B," akadaro Uziel. Kunyangwe munzira varuzivo vezvokuchera matongo vachiwana zvinhu zvinoshamisa senge zvakawanikwa zveGungwa Rakafa zvavachangobva kuwana, "pfungwa huru ndeyekugadzira huvepo muRenje reJudhiya kudzivirira kupamba zvakapambwa," akadaro.