Iyo coco de mer palm yeSeychelles ndiyo zvinhu zvengano. Mbeu dzayo - huru uye dzinorema pasi rose - dzaimbotendwa kuti dzinokura pamiti iri pasi pemafungu eIndian Ocean, uye kubata masimba makuru ekuporesa. Kunyange pazvakazoitika kuti muchindwe unomera panyika yakaoma, ngano itsva yakatanga: Kuti mbeu iyi ibudise, chirimwa chirume nechikadzi chinombundirana pausiku hune dutu, kana kuti nyaya yomunzvimbomo inoenda.
Ngano dzinogona kunge dziri izvo chete, asi muchindwe uchine kukwezva kwakasiyana. "Coco de mer ndiyo yega chirimwa chinokwezva chinogona kukwikwidzana nepanda hombe kana kuti dindingwe," anodaro Stephen Blackmore paRoyal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK. Iye zvino sayenzi iri seri kwembeu dzemuchindwe unokwezva iri kuratidza kuva inofadzawo.
Saka chirimwa chinokura muvhu risina kunaka pazvitsuwa zviviri chete chinobudisa sei mhodzi dzinodambura rekodhi dzinosvika hafu yemita muhupamhi uye dzinogona kurema makirogiramu anosvika makumi maviri nemashanu?
Vakaona kuti mashizha ane chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu chenitrogen uye phosphorus concentrations inoonekwa mumashizha emimwe miti nemakwenzi anokura paSeychelles. Uyewo, mashizha ekare asati adonhedzwa, muchindwe wacho unonyatso bvisa zvokudya zvakawanda zvinovaka muviri pauri uye woashandisazve. Kuisa mari shoma mumashizha kunoreva kuti muchindwe une zvakawanda zvekuisa mari mumichero yawo.
Mubereki ane hanya
Asi haisiriyo chete nzira iyo mashizha anobatsira mafuta kukura muchero. Mashizha mahombe, ane mitsetse anoshanda zvinoshamisa pakudira mvura pasi pehunde panguva yekunaya kwemvura. Kaiser-Bunbury nevamwe vake vakaratidza kuti rukova rwemvura urwu rwunotorawo chero detritus ine hupfumi pamashizha - maruva akafa, mukume, tsvina yeshiri uye nezvimwe - uye inoisuka ichidzika muvhu pakarepo pazasi pechindwe. Nekuda kweizvozvo, huwandu hwenitrogen nephosphorus muvhu masendimita makumi maviri kubva pahunde hwaive hwakareba ne20 muzana pane muvhu nemamita maviri chete kubva pauri.
Blackmore akaona yekutanga-ruoko kuti zvinobudirira sei mashizha emugero wemvura - zviri nani pane mamwe magita pazvivakwa zvemuno, anodaro. "Asi kufunga pamusoro pazvo maererano kwete kungoyerera kwemvura asi yezvokudya kwaiva kusvetuka kwakakosha kwekufunga uye kunowedzera zvakawanda pakunzwisisa kwemuti uyu unoshamisa," Blackmore anowedzera.
Hans Lambers paYunivhesiti yeWestern Australia kuCrawley, uyo anodzidza nzira yezvinomera zvakachinjika kune yakaderera zvakanyanya phosphorus mwero muvhu riri kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kweAustralia, anoti mashizha ekugadzira zvinovaka muviri ecoco de mer inzira "yakasiyana zvachose" .
Kuwanikwa kwakabatanidzwa kune chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa pamusoro pemuchindwe: inoratidzika kuva yakasiyana muumambo hwemiti mukutarisira mbesa mushure mokunge yamera. Miti mizhinji yakamukira mhodzi dzinofamba – nemhepo kana muura hwemhuka – kuitira kuti madzinde asakwikwidzane nemubereki kuti awane zviwanikwa zvakafanana. Yakanyura pazvitsuwa zviviri uye isingakwanise kuyangarara, mhodzi dzecoco de mer kazhinji hadzifambe kure.
Asi vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti mbesa dzinobatsirika nekukura mumumvuri wemubereki, nokuti dzinokwanisa kuwana ivhu rinovaka muviri.
"Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakafadza vamwe vangu neni zvakanyanya nezveLodoicea," anodaro Kaiser-Bunbury. “Hatizivi nezvorumwe rudzi [rwomuti] runoita izvi.”
Pesky siblings
Izvi hazvisati zvatsanangura kuti sei mbeu dzakakura kudaro. Maererano neimwe dzidziso, tinofanira kudzokera kumazuva ekufa kwemadinosaur kuti tiwane tsananguro. Makore angangoita mamirioni makumi matanhatu nenhanhatu apfuura, chimiro chemadzitateguru emuchindwe chingangovimba nemhuka kuti dziparadzire mhodzi dzayo dzakakura - asi pamwe yakarasikirwa nemuchina uyu apo sliver yekondinendi crust inosanganisira maSeychelles yakabvaruka kubva kune yava kunzi India, ichiparadzanisa muchindwe. .
Izvi zvaireva kuti mbesa dzaifanira kuchinjira kuti dzikure mumumvuri wakasviba wevabereki vavo. Nemhaka yokuti mhodzi huru dzaive nechakanaka chekudya, mbesa dzakanga dzatove dzakashongedzerwa kuita kudaro, uye pakupedzisira dzakakunda mizhinji yemamwe marudzi emiti mumhoteredzo yezvipenyu: nanhasi, michindwe yecoco de mer ndiyo inotonga mumasango avo.
Pasi pemamiriro asina kujairika emasango anotongwa nemhando imwe chete, makwikwi ehama - pane kukwikwidza pakati pemarudzi - akafambisa shanduko, anodaro Kaiser-Bunbury. Izvi zvaireva kuti muchindwe wacho wakawedzera kukura uye mhodzi dzakakura kuti dzipe madzinde ane dura rakatokura rezvekudya kuti riwedzere mikana yekurarama kurwisa hama dzayo.
Kevin Burns paVictoria University yeWellington, New Zealand, anodzidza nzira iyo zvinomera zvinoshanduka pazvitsuwa zviri kure, seSeychelles, uye anoti coco de mer inoita seinotevera nzira yekushanduka-shanduka. “Zvirimwa zvinowanzoita mhodzi huru pashure pokunge dzadya zvitsuwa zviri kure, uye mhando dzemiti yezvitsuwa dzinowanzova nemhodzi dzakakura kudarika hama dzadzo dzokunyika,” anodaro. "Mbeu huru dzinowanzogara dzinde dzinokwikwidza."
Iyo coco de mer palm haisati yaburitsa zvese zvakavanzika zvayo, zvakadaro. Kunyatsoita maruva echikadzi - iyo yakakura kupfuura chero ipi zvayo yemichindwe - yakasvibiswa inoramba iri chakavanzika. Blackmore vanofungira nyuchi varikubatanidzwa, asi vamwe vaongorori vanofunga kuti madzvinyu anogona kutamisa mukume kubva mumiti yechirume '1.5-mita-kureba, phallic-inotaridzika catkins. Ngano yomunzvimbomo, panguva iyi, inokarakadza kuti miti yechirume inozvibvarura imene kubva pasi pamanheru ane dutu uye inopfigirwa mukumbundira kwenyama kworudo nevakadzi. Ndiyo mhando yenyaya inowedzera kukwezva kwemuchindwe.
Kunobva: - New Scientist - Journal reference: New Phytologist,
