UN inotsvaga kuwedzera mhinduro kumatambudziko eEl Niño muAfrica neAsia/Pacific

ROME, Italy - Kuedza pamwe chete kudzivirira kumwe kutambura kwevanhu, kusimbisa kusimba uye kuchengetedza mararamiro mushure mekuparadza kweEl Niño pasi rose kunofanirwa kukurumidza kukwidziridzwa nehurumende nenharaunda dzepasi rose, vatungamiri veUnited Nations (UN) vakadaro nhasi.

Vanhu vanodarika mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu pasi rose, vangangoita mamiriyoni makumi mana muEast and Southern Africa chete, vanofungidzirwa kuti havana chikafu nekuda kwekukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze eEl Niño.

Vakuru vemasangano matatu eUnited Nations ari muRome akakurudzira kugadzirira kukuru kubata nekugona kuitika gare gare gore rino chiitiko chemamiriro ekunze eLa Niña, ane hukama zvakanyanya nekutenderera kweEl Niño kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya kurima nekuchengetedza chikafu.

Nyanga dzeAfrica, Southern Africa, Central America's Dry Corridor, Caribbean Islands, Southeast Asia nePacific zvitsuwa zvakarohwa zvakanyanya.

Masayendisiti ari kufanotaura kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemamiriro ekunze, La Niña, ari kusimukira. Izvi zvichawedzera mikana yekunaya kwemvura iri pamusoro peavhareji uye mafashamo munzvimbo dzakakanganiswa nekusanaya kwemvura kune El Niño, panguva imwe chete zvichiita kuti pave nemukana wekuti kusanaya kwemvura kunoitika munzvimbo dzakafashukira nekuda kweEl Niño.

UN inofungidzira kuti pasina chiito chinodiwa, nhamba yevanhu vanobatwa nemigumisiro yakasanganiswa yeEl Niño/La Niña inogona kudarika mamiriyoni zana.

Kugadzirisa mhinduro kumatambudziko aya uye kuunganidza nharaunda dzepasi rose kuti dzitsigire hurumende dzakakanganisika, masangano eUN nevamwe vanobatana vakasangana pamuzinda weRome weFood and Agriculture Organisation yeUnited Nations (FAO) nhasi. Musangano uyu waisanganisira reInternational Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) neWorld Food Programme (WFP).

Gurukota muhofisi yemutungamiri weLesotho, VaKimetso Henry Mathaba, gurukota rinoona nezvezvipfuyo, masango nenharaunda dzeSomalia, VaSaid Hussein Iid, pamwe negurukota rezvevashandi vehurumende, vashandi nekugara zvakanaka kwevanhu muZimbabwe, Amai Priscah Mupfumira. Vatauri vepamusoro vaisanganisira Munyori Mukuru weWorld Meteorological Organisation, Petteri Taalas, uye Nhume Yakakosha yeUN kuEl Niño neClimate, Ambassador Macharia Kamau.

Vatori vechikamu vakacherechedza kuti mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mana emadhora inotarisirwa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nerubatsiro zvenyika dzinenge dzawirwa neEl Niño uye kuti chikamu chemakumi masere kubva muzana cheiyi ndechekuchengetedza chikafu uye zvinodiwa pakurima.
Musangano uyu wakurudzira kuti paitwe danho rekudzoreredza raramo yekurima iyo yakanganiswa zvakanyanya nekusanaya kwemvura kunoenderana neEl Niño. Kuita pari zvino kuchaita kuti varimi vave nemwero wakakwana wezvekushandisa mukurima mumwaka unotevera wekurima.

Pamusoro pezvo, FAO, IFAD neWFP dziri kuita zvakapetwa kaviri kuedza kudzikisira kukanganisa uye kushandisa mikana yakanaka yechiitiko cheLa Niña mumwedzi iri kuuya. Izvi zvinoreva kuita zvine hungwaru kugadzirira kunaya kwemvura iri pamusoro-soro mune dzimwe nzvimbo uye nekusanaya kwemvura kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Director-General weFAO José Graziano da Silva akayambira kuti kukanganisa kweEl Niño pakurarama kwekurima kwakura uye neLa Niña pamusuwo mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuipa.

"El Nino yakakonzera kunyanya dambudziko rekudya nekurima", Graziano da Silva akadaro. Akazivisa kuti FAO ichaunganidza imwe mari nyowani kuti "iite kuti itarise danho rekutanga, rekurima, chikafu uye kudya kunovaka muviri, kudzikisira kukanganisa kwezviitiko zvinotarisirwa uye kusimbisa hunyanzvi hwekupindura nekukurumidza kuburikidza nekudyara kwakagadzirirwa."

Kuunganidza zviwanikwa zvekukurumidza kuita izvozvi kunogona kuponesa hupenyu uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa uku uchidzikisa mutengo mune ramangwana, akadaro Executive Director weWFP Ertharin Cousin.

"Kukanganisa kukuru kwechiitiko ichi chepasi rose cheEl Niño, kuchiwedzerwa nehurombo hunoramba huchienderera mberi uye nzara isingaperi munyika dzakawanda, kunotyisidzira kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu kwemamiriyoni evanhu vasingakwanise kurarama nazvo," akadaro.

"Mapurazi akakundikana, mikana yebasa yapera, uye chikafu chinovaka muviri chave chisingawanikwe munharaunda dzakawanda," Cousin akawedzera. "Asi matambudziko matsva ekubatsira vanhu haadzivisike kana tikaisa mari mukutsigira nharaunda uye nekupa maturusi nehunyanzvi hunodiwa kutsungirira kuvhunduka kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze."

Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weIFAD, Lakshmi Menon, akayeuchidza nharaunda yepasi rose kuti isakanganwe nezvevarimi vadiki, avo vanonyanya kutarisana nemamiriro ekunze aya. “Varimi vadiki vekumaruwa vanowirwa nedambudziko renjodzi idzi nekuti vazhinji vavo vanorarama nekurima vachirarama nemvura inonaya, uye havakwanise kusimuka kubva mumatambudziko. Isu tinofanirwa kuisa mari mukuvaka hupenyu hwavo hwenguva refu saka kana mitsetse inotevera yeEl Niño neLa Niña yasvika, vanenge vakagadzirira uye vanokwanisa kuramba vachirima chikafu chemhuri dzavo,” vakadaro.

Nhumwa yeUnited Nations yeEl Niño neClimate, Ambassador Macharia Kamau vakati: “Zviri pachena kuti mamiriro ekunze aya ari kushungurudza vanhu vagara vari munjodzi, zvichityisidzira kukanganisa kubudirira kwemakumi emakore apfuura uye kukanganisa kubudirira kwezvinangwa zveSustainable Development.”

Vakataura kuti nharaunda yerubatsiro yakabatana nehurumende nevatungamiriri vematunhu vakagadzira zvirongwa zvakawanda kuitira kuti vapindure kuchiitiko cheEl Niño chazvino, uye kuti zvirongwa izvi zvine matunhu mazhinji uye zvinoda mari yenguva refu, inofanotaurwa kuitira kuti vaone kuti varipo. yakaitwa zvizere.

Kupindura kuEl Niño, kugadzirira La Niña

Kusanaya kwemvura kwabata nzvimbo huru dzekumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kweAfrica uye kwarovawo Indonesia, Papua New Guinea neViet Nam, ukuwo madutu ane chekuita neEl Nino akaparadza goho muFiji nedzimwe nyika dzakavakidzana nayo.

Vatori vechikamu vakacherechedza kuti kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica "hwindo remukana" remwedzi mitatu risati ratanga mwaka wekudyara wa2016/17 uye kuti kupindira kwakakwana, kusanganisira kugoverwa kwezvekurima kunodiwa nekukurumidza kudzivirira kuvimba kwemamiriyoni emhuri dzekumaruwa pazvirongwa zvekubatsira vanhu zvakanaka. kusvika muna 2018.

KuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia, kusanaya kwemvura nemvura yemunyu kuri kukanganisa raramo yevarimi muViet Nam uye zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu mumhuri uye kuwanikwa kwemari. Nemwaka wemonsoon uri kuswedera pedyo, varimi vazhinji vanofanirwa kutenga zvekushandisa pamabasa avo ari kuuya ekurima nekurima. Ndichiri mudunhu rePacific iyo Federated States yeMicronesia, Marshall Islands nePalau dzakatozivisa mamiriro enjodzi uye kunaya kwemvura kusingawanzo kuenderera mberi munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe nekumadokero kwePacific kutyisidzira mararamiro uye kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu 1.9 miriyoni.

Kushanda pamwe chete

Basa reFAO

Kuchamhembe kweAfrica, FAO iri kutsigira mhuri dzinodarika 50 000 dzinosanganisira muZimbabwe nekudya kwezvipfuyo nembeu yecowpean inoshingirira kusanaya kwemvura, uye kuMalawi, nekubayisa zvipfuyo zvidiki nemajekiseni ezviyo zvinoshingirira pakusanaya kwemvura pamwe nerutsigiro pakudiridzira. MuLesotho neMozambique, FAO yanga ichisimbisa davidzo yenyika nekupa rutsigiro rwekudyidzana.

Munyika yose yeNyanga yeAfrica, yakabatana nehurumende NGOs nemamwe masangano eUN, FAO iri kuronga zvirongwa zvine chekuita nekusanaya kwemvura, kupa zvekurima, kubatsira kugadzirisa zvimiro zvemvura uye hutano hwemhuka nekugadzirwa, uye kuongorora nekudzora zvirwere zvezvirimwa nemhuka.

Mudunhu reAsia Pacific, mhinduro yeFAO yeEl Niño inosanganisira ongororo yakadzama yemamiriro akaita zvinhu muViet Nam uko zvakare iri kumirira kupa mhodzi nezvishandiso zvechimbichimbi. MuFiji, FAO parizvino iri kupa rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi kumhuri 1 050 sechikamu chemhinduro yeCyclone Winston. FAO iri kushanda nevadyidzani muPapua New Guinea kutsigira mhuri dzevarimi mumatunhu akakanganisika nembeu dzinoshingirira kusanaya kwemvura uye michina yekudiridzira yakangwara (semuenzaniso masisitimu edrip-irrigation). MuTimor-Leste, imwe mbeu yechibage nembeu dzemavhavha zviri kugoverwa kuvarimi vakawirwa nedambudziko reEl Niño.

Basa reIFAD

Kuvaka kusimba kwemamiriro ekunze mukusanaya kwemvura uye zvimwe zviitiko zvakanyanya zvemamiriro ekunze chinhu chakakosha mumapurojekiti anotsigirwa neIFAD uye izvi zviri kubatsira mhuri dziri munjodzi kurarama nematambudziko eEl Niño. Semuenzaniso, kuEthiopia zvirongwa zvidiki zvekudiridzira zvakaita kuti varimi vasanyanya kuvimba nekurima kunonaya. Izvi zvinosanganisirwa nekudzidziswa mukushandiswa kwakasimba kwemvura, nzira dzekucheresa mvura uye kugadziridza ivhu rinenge raparara. MuMekong Delta yekuViet Nam, mapurojekiti anotsigirwa neIFAD ari kubatsira varimi kuti vawane mhando dzemupunga unoshingirira mumunyu uye kusiyanisa mihoro yavo mukurima diki remvura, kuitira kuti vasangovimba nemupunga uye varambe vachiwana mari munguva yekusanaya kwemvura. .

Basa reWFP

World Food Programme yakakurumidza kuwedzera mabasa ekuyamura kubatsira nharaunda dziri kunetsekana nedambudziko reEl Niño, ichipa chikafu chekukurumidza pazvinenge zvichidiwa kana mari yekutenga chikafu uko misika iri kushanda. KuEthiopia vanhu vanodarika mamiriyoni manomwe nemazana matanhatu vakawana rubatsiro rwechikafu kubva kuWFP uye vanhu vanodarika mazana maviri ezviuru vakatambirawo mari.

KuSwaziland, WFP yakatanga kugoverwa kwechikafu nechimbichimbi uye muLesotho, yatanga kutamisa mari. KuMalawi, WFP ichawedzera chirongwa chayo chitsva chekubatsira chikafu mumwaka wakaonda kuti chisvike vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni mashanu panosvika Mbudzi. MuPapua New Guinea, vanhu vanopfuura 5 260 vakawirwa nedambudziko rekushaya chikafu chine chekuita neEl Niño vari kuwana rubatsiro rwechikafu rweWFP.

Resilience-kuvaka inobatanidzwa mumhinduro dzechimbichimbi kana zvichibvira. MuZimbabwe, chirongwa chekuedza kurimwa kwembesa chichitsigirwa nekambani yeFoodSECuRE inodzidzisa varimi vadiki kurima zvine hungwaru hwemamiriro ekunze uye kushandisa mbeu dzinoshingirira kusanaya kwemvura. Sangano reRural Resilience risk management Initiative (R4) rakapa muripo une chekuita neEl Niño kumhuri dzinenge dzichirima muEthiopia, Malawi neSenegal. WFP inoshandawo pamwe chete neAfrican Risk Capacity (ARC), dziva reinishuwarenzi kudzikisa mutengo wekupindura njodzi idzi dzisati dzave dambudziko revanhu. "