RIYADH, Saudi Arabia - Sultan al-Mazeen nguva pfupi yadarika akamira pachiteshi chepeturu kuti azadze SUV yake, achibhadhara masendi makumi mana neshanu garoni - chikamu chimwe chete mugumi icho vanhu vekuAmerica vanobhadhara mazuva ano.
Asi nyanzvi yeSaudi inoti vanhu vekuAmerica havafanirwe kuita godo. Inflation yasvika makore makumi matatu epamusoro pazvinhu zvese muumambo iri kuita kuti maSaudis anzwe murombo zvisinei nekudonha kwemari yemafuta.
"Ndinoudza vanhu vekuAmerica, musanzwa godo nekuti gasi rakachipa pano," akadaro al-Mazeen, makumi matatu nematanhatu.
Nepo maSaudis asinganzwe kurwadziwa papombi, vanozvinzwa kwese kwese, vachibhadhara zvakanyanya kuzvitoro zvegirosari nemaresitorendi uye nerendi uye zvekuvaka. Panguva iyo nyika iri kuwedzera kutengesa oiri nemitengo yakakwira kusvika parekodhi madhora zana nemakumi mana neshanu padhiramu svondo rapfuura, inflation yasvika pazvikamu gumi nerimwe kubva muzana, ichityora nhamba mbiri kekutanga kubva mukupera kwema145.
"Gasi mitengo yakadzikira pano, todii?" akadaro Muhammad Abdullah, ane makore makumi matanhatu ekura pamudyandigere. “Ndoita sei nepeturu? Kunwa? Ende nayo kuSupermarket?”
Al-Mazeen anoti mari yake yekutenga girosari yepamwedzi yakawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri — kusvika pamadhora mazana maviri neshanu — zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura, apo oiri yaisvika madhora makumi manomwe padhiramu. Munguva iyoyo, mutengo wemupunga wakawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri kusvika kumasendi 215 papaundi, uye paundi yemombe yakakwira inopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu kusvika kumadhora mana.
Uyezve, maSaudis ari kunetseka nekushaikwa kwemabasa - anofungidzirwa pa30 muzana pakati pevechidiki vane makore gumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi maviri nematanhatu - uye musika wemasheya uri pasi pegumi muzana kubva pakutanga kwegore.
Vazhinji veSaudis vari kuona kuti iyi boom yemafuta haizove nemhedzisiro yakafanana neyakaitika kuma1970s, iyo yakasimudza maSaudis kubva kumamvemve kuenda kuhupfumi. Panguva ino, hupfumi hausi kudonha nekukurumidza kana muhuwandu hwakafanana.
Chimwe chikonzero kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehumambo, anodaro John Sfakianakis, mukuru wezvehupfumi kuSaudi British Bank. Muma1970, huwandu hweSaudi Arabia hwaive 9.5 miriyoni. Nhasi, inosvika 27.6 miriyoni, kusanganisira 22 miriyoni vagari veSaudi.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti nyika, iyo inodzora inenge mari yese yemafuta, inofanirwa kuparadzira hupfumi pakati pevanhu vakawanda. Kunze kwehurongwa hwerupo hwekugara zvakanaka hunosanganisira dzidzo yemahara kubva kukireshi kusvika kuyunivhesiti nezvimwe zvinobatsira vagari, bazi rehurumende rinopinza vanhu mamirioni maviri uye 2 muzana yebhajeti inoenda kumihoro.
"Nyika, hongu, yakapfuma, asi nyika ine zvakapetwa katatu huwandu hwevanhu yainofanirwa kutsigira," akadaro Sfakianakis. "Kunyangwe dai Saudi Arabia iine inflation yakaderera (muma1970s), nyika nezvido zvenyika zvakakura kupfuura zvavaimboita."
Saka hurumende ine mukana wekuti ikwidze mari dzemihoro yekubatsira vanhu kugadzirisa mitengo yakakwira. United Arab Emirates nguva pfupi yadarika yakakwira muhoro wevashandi vehurumende ne70 muzana - asi dai maSaudis akaita zvimwe chetezvo, vangadai vakarohwa nekushomeka kwebhajeti, Sfakianakis akawedzera.
Dzimwe nyika dzeGulf dzakarohwa zvakatoipisisa nekukwira kwemitengo. MuUAE, inflation inotarisirwa kusvika gumi nemaviri muzana gore rino, uye muQatar iri pa12 muzana, sekureva kwaMerrill Lynch chirevo pakutanga kwegore rino.
Asi nyika idzodzo dzine vanhu vashoma uye saka vanogona kuparadzira mafuta avo, gasi uye hupfumi hwemari nekukurumidza uye muhuwandu kudzikamisa marwadzo. Nekuda kweizvozvo - zvinopesana nemufananidzo wavo kuMadokero - maSaudis ari kure nevanhu vakapfuma muGulf. Mari yehumambo inosvika zviuru makumi maviri nemazana manomwe emadhora - zvichienzaniswa nemadhora makumi matanhatu nemakumi manomwe emadhora eQatar, iyo ine vagari vanosvika hafu yemiriyoni.
Muhurukuro nebepanhau reKuwait reAl-Siyassah, King Abdullah vakati "vakuru vane mazano akakodzera" uye vane hurongwa hwekurwisa inflation.
“Hurumende inokwanisa kushandisa mari yayo kugadzirisa kukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu zvakakosha. Humambo huchashandisawo mari yahwainayo kurwisa kukwira kwemitengo uye kudzosa zvinhu zvese,” vakadaro mambo vasina kutsanangura kuti sei.
Nyanzvi munyaya dzezvehupfumi dzinoti chiri kukonzera kukwira kwemitengo kuri kudiwa nedzimba mudzimba, nzvimbo dzemuhofisi nechikafu — panguva iyo mitengo yezvekudya nemidziyo yepasi rose iri kukwira. Gwaro rakaburitswa nebazi reEconomy and Planning svondo rapfuura rinoti mari yekurojesa iyo inosanganisira rendi, mafuta edzimotokari nemvura, yakakwira nezvikamu gumi nezvisere nemazana mashanu kubva muzana, ukuwo mari yechikafu nezvinwiwa yakakwira nezvikamu gumi nezvishanu kubva muzana.
Inflation yeSaudi inowedzerwawo nedhora risina simba, nokuti riyal yakasungirirwa kumari yeUnited States, ichiwedzera mutengo wekutengesa kunze kwenyika - uye humambo hunopinza zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha.
Kupinda kwemari yemafuta muhupfumi ndiko kwakonzerawo, asi handizvo zviri kukonzera kukwira kwemitengo sedzimwe nyaya, akadaro Sfakianakis nedzimwe nyanzvi dzezvehupfumi.
Muchiratidzo chekuti inflation haizoparare chero nguva munguva pfupi iri kutevera, iyo Cabinet yeSaudi yakasarudza munaKurume 31 kudzikisa mutero wetsika pa180 chikafu chikuru, zvinhu zvevatengi uye zvekuvakisa kweanenge makore matatu, maererano neshumo Sfakianakis yakanyorera Saudi British Bank. .
Zvakadaro, humambo hwakagadzirirwa kunakidzwa nebhajeti rakakura rakasara nekuda kwemitengo yakakwira yemafuta gore rino. Mari yekutengeswa kwemafuta inotarisirwa kusvika pamadhora mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu emadhora gore rino, sekureva kweshumo mwedzi wapfuura neJadwa Investment, kambani yakazvimirira yeSaudi. Izvi zvinoenzaniswa neavhareji yemabhiriyoni 260 chete emadhora pagore muma43 ose, mushumo wacho wakadaro. Inofungidzira kuti bhajeti rekuwedzera richave madhora mabhiriyoni makumi matanhatu nemapfumbamwe muna 1990 zvichienzaniswa nemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi mana nenomwe muna 69.
Asi Saudi Arabia inoisa yakawanda yemari yayo yemafuta mukudyara uye midziyo kunze kwenyika, muchikamu seruzhowa kana mitengo yemafuta ichidonha mune ramangwana, ichidzvanya bhajeti.
Sheik Abdul-Aziz Al Sheikh, mukuru wehumambo mufti uye vepamusoro vechitendero, vakurudzira hurumende kuti igadzirise mitengo yezvinhu zvakakosha.
"Kuedza kwese kunofanirwa kuitwa kuti kuve nekukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu muumambo hwese," mufti akadaro mumharidzo muRiyadh muna Kukadzi, maererano neArab News zuva nezuva.
