Botswana inokurudzira kurambidza kuvhima nekutengesa sezvo nzou iri kuderera

Zvakabuda mutsvagurudzo dzenzou dzichangoburwa uye dzakapamhamha dzeBotswana dzinofungidzira huwandu hwevagari venyika pa126,000 nzou, kudzikira kubva pa131,600 2014 yakataurwa mugore raXNUMX. Chirevo ichi chinoratidza humbowo hwakadzokororwa hwekuwedzera kukuru kwekuuraya nzou munzvimbo ina dzinotyisa muNorth Botswana. dutu renhau gore rapfuura.

Chirevo ichi cheNzou dzisina Border (EWB) chinouya mushure mekunge komiti yedare remakurukota yakapa gwaro ravo rekuvhima kuna Mutungamiriri Masisi neChina svondo rapfuura, izvo zvinokurudzira kwete kungobvisa kurambidzwa kwekuvhima, asiwo kuunzwa kwenzou yenguva dzose inovhima uye inobatanidza nyama yenzou. canning indasitiri yezvikafu zvezvipfuyo, pamwe nekuvhara dzimwe nzira dzemusango dzinofamba.

Hurumende yeBotswana yakamboendesa chikumbiro kuCITES mukugadzirira musangano weCoP18 muna Chivabvu gore rino, ichikumbira kugadzirisa runyorwa rweCITES rweAfrica savannah nzou kuti ibvumidze kutengeserana nemikombe yekuvhima, mhuka mhenyu nemasheya akanyoreswa (ehurumende) nyanga dzenzou.

Maererano neAfrican Elephant Status chirevo (2016), Nzou dzeBotswana yakadzikira ne15% mumakore gumi apfuura. Chirevo ichi chinoratidza pachena kuti nzou dzeBotswana hadziwedzerwe, sezvazvinowanzofungidzirwa mumikoto yezvematongerwo enyika neyekuvhima. Kunyangwe hazvo huwandu hwayo huchiri hwakakura kwazvo muSouth Africa, iyo inokwana zana, zviuru zvishoma pasi pezvi 10 kazhinji yakataurwa nevanyori vezvematongerwo enyika pamwe nenhepfenyuro muBotswana. Mukuyedza kutsigira kuburitsa nekuvhima.

Nzou yeEWB ye126,000 yakavakirwa padunhu-rakapamhama ongororo yemuchadenga, inovhara nzvimbo hombe kupfuura chero yedzidzo yapfuura neEWB. Iyo yakabatana EWB uye DWNP timu yakabhururuka kwemazuva makumi matanhatu nemaviri, ichinyora anopfuura 62 km yetransects uye ichifukidza pamusoro pe32,000 km² yeBotswana, kusanganisira Chobe, Makgadikgadi uye Nxai Pan National Parks nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza Wildlife Management Areas, Okavango Delta neMoremi Game Reserve, nenzvimbo dzevafundisi muNgamiland, Chobe neCentral District. 

Hotspots ina dzekuchengetera nzvimbo dzinoratidzwa muNorth Botswana

Kubva ongororo yekupedzisira muna2014, boka rekutsvagisa reEWB rakawana kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwenhamba yezvitunha zvitsva nenzva dzichangoburwa, kureva nzou dzakafa mukati megore rapfuura rezvisikwa uye kuuraya.

Chikwata cheEWB chakasimbisa kuti pane zvitunha zana nemakumi masere nemasere zvitunha zvisingasviki gore rimwe chete, makumi manomwe nemaviri akasimbiswa pasi kana nekuwongorora kwemuchadenga sekuurayiwa nevanovhima zvisiri pamutemo uye vamwe makumi maviri nevaviri kubva kumafoto ekuongorora sevapambi vevanhu. Uye zvakare, makumi manomwe nemapfumbamwe akura kupfuura zvitunha zvegore rimwe akaongororwa mune imwe hotspot, iyo makumi matanhatu neshanu yakasimbiswa seyakaiswa. Iyo yose-yezera chitunha chitunha yakawedzera kubva pa128% kusvika pa72% pakati pa22 na79, inowanzo gamuchirwa seinoratidza huwandu hwenzou dzinogona kunge dzichiderera.

Nzou inosara yese inoratidza humbowo hwakajeka hwekuponda neyakafanana modus operandi. Vavhimi vanopfura mhuka nemhando yepamusoro pfuti pavanouya kuzonwa panzvimbo dziri kure dzemwaka. Kana nzou ikasafa pakarepo, mumwe wevanovhima zvisiri pamutemo anoitadzisa kufambisa nekukuvadza musana wedemo nedemo. Makwani adzo akabvarurwa, zvichikuvadza dehenya zvakanyanya, hunde inowanzo bviswa kumeso, uye chitunha chakavharwa nematavi akachekwa mukuedza kuviga mhuka yakafa.

Iwo ma poacher anoita kunge anoshanda mune imwe nharaunda, achinongedza mabhuru nemanyanga makuru, vasati vaenda kune inotevera nzvimbo. Ivo havasi mukumhanya kuri pachena, sezvo musasa wevapambi vakawanikwawo padyo neumwe wemasumbu ezvitunha.

Boka rekuongorora pasi rakasimbisa kuti ruzhinji rwenzou dzakabatwa zvechokwadi nzombe dziri pakati pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu kusvika makumi mashanu ekuberekwa. Izvi zvinoenderanawo nehuchapupu mumushumo wekuti huwandu hwebhuru hwadzikira kubva pavanhu mazana maviri nemazana matanhatu muna35 kusvika pa45 muna21,600.

Kuuraya poaching kunoonekwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo ina dzinotyisa dzekuchamhembe kweBotswana - nzvimbo iri pakati pePan Handle neCaprivi Strip, mukati nekukomberedza chikamu cheSavuti cheChobe kusanganisira Khwai neLinyanti, padhuze neMaun, uye munzvimbo iri pakati peChobe neNxai Pan.

Dare revasayendisiti vapfumbamwe vakazvimiririra ve nzou vakaongorora iyo EWB mushumo uye vakawana sainzi kunge dombo rakasimba. Imwe nhengo yakati, "uyu mushumo wakanyatsonaka uye wakanyatso nyorwa unoratidza hutsinye hwakanyanya".

Zvakadaro, hurumende yeBotswana ichiri kuyedza kukakavara pamusoro penyaya dzakasiyana dzakatsanangurwa mushumo, sechikamu chekuvhiringidza kwezvematongerwo enyika. EWB anoramba zvakasimba zvinotaurwa nehurumende uye vanoti vanoona zvinosuwisa kuti hurumende haina kuvabata zvakananga kuti vataure nezvechirevo ichi.

Kunze kwekufa kwenzou kwakawanda, zvipembere gumi nezvitatu zvakaurayiwa nevanovhima zvisiri pamutemo mumwedzi gumi nerimwe chete muBotswana, matatu acho ari muOkavango Delta. Kuwedzera kwekuuraya mhuka dzesango kunotyisa, asi zvinosuruvarisa kuti hakuna kungowanikwa muBotswana.

Dr Iain Douglas-Hamilton, nhengo yedare rekuongorora, anoti "mumaonero angu [iyo EWB] kuverenga inoratidza kuti kuuraya nzou kwakawedzera kusvika padanho rakakura kupfuura zvaifungidzirwa kare, kunomutsa mukana wekuti kumwe kukura kunogona kuitika".

Imwe nhengo inowedzera kuti, “zvinonzwisisika kutaura kuti, kana hura hwekuvhiya huchienderera mberi, panogona kunge paine kuderera kukuru kwenzou dzenzou. Vezvematongerwo enyika havambodi kuona zvakashata kushambadzirwa asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuita seyambiro, uye matanho ekudzivirira anofanira kutorwa ”.