Sezvo chibvumirano cheUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) COP27 chiri kuitika, pane tarisiro yekuti 'African COP' ichaunganidza mari nezviito zvinodiwa muAfrica inoshingirira kugadzikana kwemamiriro ekunze.
Murimi Ndaula Liwela, anobva kwaMachita kudunhu reZambezi kuNamibia, anonongedzera maruva akapararira emuti wemubaobab ari pasi pakaoma pedyo nemusha wavo. "Michero gore rino ichava duku uye shoma," anodaro, kunyange zvazvo muti unofananidzira uchizivikanwa nekukwanisa kuchengeta mvura uye kubudirira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Kwapera masvondo akati wandei mushure mekunge adyara mbesa dzake, “asi takarega kurima patakaona makore asati atombotanga kuvaka”.
Sezvo United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) COP27 ichaitika muSharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, kubva 6 kusvika 18 Mbudzi 2022, pane tarisiro yekuti 'African COP' ichaunganidza mari nezviitwa zvinodiwa pamamiriro ekunze- kusimba muAfrica, asi izvi hazvireve chinhu kuna Liwela, uyo ane hanya nekudyisa mhuri yake mukutarisana neramangwana risina kujeka.
Imba yake mudunhu rekuchamhembe kweNamibia iri mukati meKavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA), iyo nyika shanu paki inochinjika yakaumbwa kuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana ichitsigira vanhu vanogara munzvimbo. Haisi kure nerwizi Zambezi, asi ishoma mvura. Gore roga-roga, Liwela anowedzera raramo yake nekukohwa baobab nemimwe michero yemusango, asi gore rino, nyangwe iyi yesango inoratidzika kunge ingangomusiya.
Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzeAfrica dziri kuramba dzichikanganiswa nemwaka wokusanaya kwemvura uri kuwedzera kupisa uye mwaka wekunaya kwemvura unouya gare gare. Zviitiko zvakanyanyisa zvakadai sekusanaya kwemvura zviri kuwedzera mukuwanda uye kuoma.
“Nyaya yaLiwela haisi yega. Mugore rapfuura, takaita hurukuro nevarimi, vabati vehove, vanocheka huswa, nevamwe vakawanda vanovimba nezviwanikwa mudunhu rino. Vakaona kukanganisa kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pakukwanisa kwavo kuzviraramisa. Izvi zvinovasiya vari munjodzi, kwete kungokanganiswa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, asiwo nezvimwe zvinokatyamadza, sedenda reCOVID-19,” anodaro Sigrid Nyambe wekuWWF kuNamibia. Anga achishanda nenharaunda mudunhu rino kuunganidza ruzivo pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze munharaunda sechikamu chechirongwa cheWWF cheClimate Crowd. Ruzivo urwu runozivisa mapurojekiti ekubatsira nharaunda dzekumaruwa kujairana neshanduko dzavari kusangana nazvo uku ichideredza kudzvanyirirwa kwekusiyana kwezvipenyu.
Yazvino IPCC Working Group II shumo pamusoro peKukanganisa, Kugadziriswa, uye Kusagadzikana kunoratidza kuti njodzi dzakawanda dzemamiriro ekunze dzakakura kupfuura zvaimbotarisirwa, kunyanya kunyika dzemuAfrica dziri panjodzi. Nyika zhinji dzakasanganisira zvigadziriso zvechisikigo sechikamu chezvirongwa zvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze enyika, asi vanoda rubatsiro rwemari nehunyanzvi hwekuita padanho repasi.
Achitaura kuForum on Finance for Nature-Based Solutions yakarongwa neStanding Committee of Finance yeUNFCCC, Mutevedzeri weMunyori Mukuru weUN Climate Change, Ovais Sarmad akati: “Takatarisana nedambudziko rakapetwa kaviri rokushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye zvisikwa. Izvo zviviri zvakabatanidzwa zvisingaparadzanisiki. Kuparadzana kwakabatana, kwakabatana kunowedzera kuwedzera zuva nezuva. Kana zvisikwa uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze zvakabatana, zvinongomira zvine musoro kuti mhinduro dzemusikirwo dziri pamwoyo wekugadzirisa zvese. ”
Asi, maererano naInger Andersen, Executive Director weUnited Nations Environment Programme, mune imwe nyaya ichangopfuura yeUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “madhora anosvika mabhiriyoni 133 chete ndiwo anopinzwa mukugadzirisa kwakavakirwa, uye mari inofanira kupetwa katatu panosvika 2030. kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze, zvisikwa, uye kusarerekera kwepasi.”
“Mumakore mashoma apfuura, takaona matambudziko maviri, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye denda repasi rose - richipindirana. Zvese zviri zviviri zvinokanganisa nharaunda dzinotambura zvakanyanya uye zvinokanganisa mabatiro anoita vanhu nezviwanikwa zvavo, "anodaro director weWWF wemamiriro ekunze, nharaunda, uye mhuka dzesango Nikhil Advani. Semuyenzaniso, muNamibia, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye denda zvose zvakawedzera kushandiswa kusingagadzirike kwezviwanikwa, anodaro Advani, uyo anomhanyisa zvakare African Nature-Based Tourism Platform. Chirongwa ichi chakatangwa muna 2021 chekubatanidza vanopa mari kunharaunda dzine chekuita nekushanya kwechisikigo munyika gumi neimwe dziri kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kweAfrica, zvichibatsira kuona nharaunda nemabhizinesi akaomesesa uye zvavanoda zvakanyanya.
Vanopfuura hafu yevaNamibia vakabvunzurudzwa muna 2021-2022 chirongwa cheClimate Crowd vakashuma kukanganisa kwakananga pamhuka dzesango dzeko, kusanganisira kufa kwakanyanya uye kutama kwemhuka dzesango kune dzimwe nzvimbo uko mvura nechikafu zvakawanda. Makumi mashanu nesere muzana evakabvunzwa vakataura kuti zvirimwa zvakatadza kana kubereka zvishoma mumakore achangopfuura, uye 62% yakaratidza kuderera kwehutano hwezvipfuyo. Vanosvika zvikamu zvitatu muzvina zvevakabvunzwa vakati michero yemusango inokohwewa mwaka nemwaka iri kudererawo. Uye sezvo zviwanikwa zvinova zvakaoma kuwana, vanhu vakawanda nezvipfuwo zvavo vanorwisana nemhuka dzomusango.
"Iyo data yataunganidza inoratidza kuti isu tinofanirwa kutarisa zvakanyanya pakuedza kugadzirisa kunodzivirira vanhu vari panjodzi," akadaro. Mukati meKAZA, mune mienzaniso nemikana yekuvaka-kusimba kuburikidza nematanho ariwo maitiro ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze. Aya mapurojekiti ekuedza anoshanda, anofambirana nemasikirwo ari kuitwa kuburikidza neClimate Crowd anowanzo tora mhinduro dzakaumbwa neruzivo nemaitiro enharaunda.
Kuchengeta nyuchi ibhizimisi rinoenderana nenharaunda uye rinogona kupa mari yakawanda richibatsira nharaunda kuti dzirarame negoho risingafungidzike. Vechidiki vemunzvimbo idzi vanogara vasina mabasa uye vanoshaya mabasa ekuita kuti vawane mari sezvo kurima kwemvura kunoderera. MuNamibia, chimwe chirongwa chakadaro chinosanganisira kudzidzisa pwere dzinobva kumisha yeMuyako, Omega 3, uye Luitcikxom muBwabwata National Park mukuchengeta nyuchi. VaDavid Mushavanga vanova murimi wenyuchi vemuno avo vane ruzivo rwemakore anopfuura gumi nematanhatu vachaita chirongwa ichi vakabatana nesangano reWWF Climate Crowd nebazi rinoona nezvezvakatipoteredza, masango nekushanyirwa.
Mamwe mapurojekiti ari kuitwa kuNamibia achatarisa kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwemvura kuburikidza nekukohwa kwemvura inonaya uye zvibhorani zvinofambiswa ne solar, kurima kwakasimba kwemamiriro ekunze, kuisa zvitofu zvakachena, uye mamwe mararamiro akaita sekugadzira mabasa emaoko.
“Climate Crowd idanho repazasi-kumusoro, rinotungamirwa nenharaunda. Zvakakosha kutsigira zvirongwa izvo nharaunda inonzwa kuve muridzi wayo. Aya mapurojekiti anogona kuvabatsira kuvaka kusimba kune akawanda anovhundutsa uye zvinonetsa. Njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzakaita sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze dzinogona kukonzera kukanganisa munharaunda nehupfumi zvakanyanya kudarika izvo zvinokonzerwa neCCIDID-19, "anodaro Advani.
Kuburikidza neClimate Crowd neAfrican Nature-Based Tourism Platform, WWF inoshanda nemasangano ezvekutarisira zviwanikwa munharaunda mune dzimwe nyika dzakati wandei dzekumabvazuva nedzekumaodzanyemba kweAfrica kupa mari nerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi hwemhinduro dzinochengetedza zvisikwa uye kubatsira vanhu vachivaka kusimba kune ramangwana. zvinovhundutsa uye zvinoshungurudza.
Semuyenzaniso kuMalawi, chirongwa chakapihwa mari nguva pfupi yadarika chinotungamirwa nesangano reAfrican Nature-Based Tourism Platform inodyidzana naye KAWICCODA, chinotsigira kukwidziridzwa kwemamwe mabasa ekuchengetedza raramo munzvimbo yemakiromita mashanu yakatenderedza Kasungu National Park.
"Dambudziko remamiriro ekunze uye denda rinotyisidzira hutano hwevanhu uye zvisikwa, ndosaka tichida kukurumidza kuita mapurojekiti anoita kuti vanhu nezvisikwa zviwedzere kusimba. Tinogona kudzidza kubva muzvirongwa izvi zvinotungamirwa nevepasi pasi. Uye tobva tazvikwidza,” anodaro Advani.
NaDianne Tipping-Woods
