EASTER ISLAND, Chile - Inyika inogarwa nevanhu zvakanyanya pasi, dombo reSouth Pacific dombo rinoputika zvekuti vanhu veko vanozviti "Te Pito O Te Henua," kana kuti "Guvhu reNyika."
Asi Easter Island idumbu rinosangana nevashanyi - uye vamwe vari kunetsekana nekurwiswa kwevokunze kunogona kutora mutero pazvinhu zvavanouya kuzoona, misoro mikuru yematombo inozivikanwa seMoais.
“Kushanya kwakawanda, kuwanda kwekuwedzera. Vazhinji vashanyi, kurasikirwa kwakanyanya, "akadaro Susana Nahoe, nyanzvi yezvinocherwa mumatongo uyo aibatanidza pakati peNational Tourism Service nenharaunda yesainzi yechitsuwa ichi vasati vasiya chinzvimbo makore maviri apfuura, vachitaura nezve" kusiyana kwetsika. "
"Isu tava padanho manje apo, tingave tinochengetedza izvo zvatinazvo kana kurasikirwa nazvo," akadaro.
Moais (akatumidzwa kuti Moe-Eyes) atotarisana nemhomho yevavengi venyama. Zuva, masaisai, mhepo uye mwando zviri kudya pazvinhu zvavo. Vazhinji vakavhiringidzwa nemablights, lichen uye moss. Kukukurwa kwevhu kunodonhedza maAhus, mapuratifomu evhu uye matombo pavakagara, uye kunyangwe kuri kunonoka kuchitsuwa chemakomo echitsuwa ichi.
Nahoe akati vashanyi vazhinji vanongwarira kuti varege kukuvadza Moais, asi vamwe vasingazivi vanofamba kana kukwira pavari, zvichiwedzera kuora kwechisikigo. Vamwe vanovasvibisa nemaune, kusanganisira mushanyi weFinland uyo akabvisiswa faindi US $ 17,000 mushure mekubira nzeve kubva pachifananidzo munaKurume.
Chii chingaitwe zvirinani-kudzivirira Moais zvakaoma kupindura Asi zvadaro, zvakanyanya nezve ino nzvimbo inomutsa mibvunzo inonyengera. Sei misoro yakavakwa? Vakatakurwa sei kwese chitsuwa? Chii chakaitika kumeso avo? Uye ndeipi njodzi yakawira budiriro, ichikonzera vanhu kuti vasiye nekukurumidza kuita iyo Moai uye kupidigura yavakapedza?
Vagari vakauya kubva kuMarquesas Islands kuenda kuchamhembe pakati pe400 ne600. Sosaiti yakabudirira kusvika munenge muna 1680 uye Moais pamwe akavakwa kukudza vatungamiriri vedzinza. Asi zviwanikwa zvakave zvishoma sezvo huwandu hwevanhu hwaiwedzera. Kana vagari vepazvitsuwa vakatema miti yese, hondo dzemadzinza dzakaputika, zvichitungamira kuchikafu uye kukoromoka kweMoai.
Zita rechitsuwa ichi rinobva kuna muongorori wechiDutch Jacob Roggeveen uyo akasvika paSvondo Svondo muna 1722. Ndima yeChile, kunyangwe nyika yenyika iri makiromita mazana matatu nemazana matanhatu kumabvazuva.
Pamakiromita gumi nematanhatu nemakumi maviri nemana, Easter Island inenge yakapetwa katatu kukura kweManhattan. Muna 16, Chile's Lan Airlines yakatanga kuishandisa senge yekumisa mafuta munzira yekuTahiti. Vashanyi vakatanga kusvika vari vazhinji makore makumi maviri gare gare, apo nzira yemakiromita matatu yakavakwa seimwe nzvimbo yekumhara yeUS space space.
Nhasi, kuwedzera kune mashoma ngarava, kune ndege sere pasvondo kubva kuSantiago, guta guru reChile, uye Papeete, Tahiti. Munguva yakaderera mwaka, kupera kwaKurume kusvika Chikunguru, huwandu hwendege dzevhiki nevhiki hunodonha kusvika kuna ina, asi ndege dzakazara dzakadzosa huwandu hwevashanyi.
"Ndege dzese dzakazara," akadaro Pedro Edmunds, meya weguta rega, Hanga Roa. “Zvave zvine hutsinye. Asi nenzira yakanaka. ”
Easter Island ine vanhu zviuru zvina chete, uye Edmunds akati vashanyi makumi mashanu nemaviri vakashanya muna 4,000, vanokwira makumi maviri kubva muzana kubva muna 52,000 uye kanokwana kagumi zvakapetwa muna2007 Easter Island yanga iri nzvimbo yeUNESCO World Heritage saiti kubva muna 20, asi vakuru vakuru vanoti spike ichangoburwa kuNew Seven Wonders yegore rapfuura.
Chitsuwa hachina kukunda, kupedzisa sere, asi Edmunds akati vakuru vakuru vanotarisira gore ra2008 rekushanya kuti rienzane na2007, rakakurudzirwa neshoko rakanaka remuromo kubva kuvashanyi. Zvakare kubatsira ndiyo nyowani Yekuongorora, chitsuwa chekutanga zvese-zvinosanganisira, eco-hushamwari nzvimbo. Yenguva refu inodiwa Hanga Roa Hotel iri kuwedzera kukura zvakare.
Chitsuwa ichi chine nzvimbo dzinosvika 1,524 dzekuchera matongo, kusanganisira iyo 887 Moais, iyo ingangoita makumi mashanu yakadzorerwa. Kugadzirisa uye kuisa Moais yakatwasuka kunogona kukonzera kuti vadzikire nekukasira sezvo ivo vari pachena kupfuura zvifananidzo zvinoramba zvakatarisana pasi kana kuvigwa.
Edmunds akati marudzi makumi mashanu nematanhatu emabhuru anopemberera paMoais uye kuti "hapana chaicho chiri kuitwa" kuvadzivirira. Nahoe akati kuyedza kwe54 neUNESCO uye nyanzvi kubva kuJapan jekiseni Moai mashanu nechisimbiso chakabatsira kudzivirira kubva kune hunyoro uye lichen. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive yakanaka, asi kurapwa kwakaratidza zvakare kudhura kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya.
Vaviri vakanyunyuta kuti matambudziko nekuchengetedza anowedzerwa nenyaya yekuti chitsuwa chinofanirwa kuzivisa kuChile.
"Hapana kunzwisiswa kwemheremhere yevaRapa Nui yekudzora yavo," akadaro Edmunds, achinongedzera kuchitsuwa ichi nezita repamutemo, Rapa Nui. "Havatisiyire mukana wekuti tive neunyanzvi… Zvese zviri muSantiago, uko vazhinji vasina kana kumboshanyira chitsuwa ichi."
Pasinei nekushushikana kwenguva refu, vagari vepazvitsuwa vane hushamwari hwakanyanya. Mahotera ese ari muHanga Roa, uko ini nemukadzi wangu takapedza svondo kuMana Nui Inn yemhuri. Imba yedu yaive nemaonero eTahai saiti, matatu madiki maunganidzwa eMoai akadzoreredzwa negungwa risingaperi.
Kunyanya kufadza pakunyura kwezuva, Tahai inoratidzira Moai ane maziso uye Pukao, yakatenderera tsvuku ficha inowanikwa pane mimwe misoro yemifananidzo. Inogona kunge iri ngowani, topknot kana kuratidzwa kwebvudzi rakakwezvwa zvine mutsindo mudenderedzwa.
Maziso eThahai nedzimwe nzvimbo haasi epakutanga - maziso echokwadi akagadzirwa kubva kukorari, asi mumwe chete ndiye anopona. Iyo inoratidzwa pane anthropological museum, inofanirwa-kushanya kuti unzwisise zvese zviripo kuona pachitsuwa.
Iyo Moais 'avhareji kureba ndeye mamita mana uye ivo vanoyera avhareji yematani gumi nemashanu. Asi yega yega yakasarudzika, ine saizi uye maficha - kunyangwe nzeve, miromo uye torsos - izvo zvinosiyana. Ivo zvakare vangangoita vese varume - gumi chete yeavo vakafukunurwa kusvika parizvino vane hunhu hwechikadzi.
VaMoais vakavakirwa kutarisa pamusoro penzvimbo dzekare uye vese vamire nemisana yavo kugungwa kunze kweAhu Akivi, uko misoro minomwe inotarisa mafungu kubva mugomo. Mumwe musha ungangodaro wakamira pakati peaMoai nemvura. Ahu Akivi akakosha kushanyira panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva: Misoro yayo inopenya hunyoro-hura-hunyoro pamadekwana, asi tarisa kuchena uye kumisikidza panguva inopenya maawa.
Kubva ipapo, kukwira kwemamita mazana mashanu kunotungamira kunzvimbo yepamusoro yechitsuwa, Maunga Terevaka. Batisisa hovha yako yebaseball: Mhepo yegungwa inovhuvhuta! Chitsuwa ichi chinenge chisina miti zvachose, zvichiita zvikomo pazasi zviite kunge hofori yegwenzi maruva. Kune zvakare 500 emabhiza emusango pachitsuwa, uye imbwa dzakarasika dzakasununguka dzakazara mutaundi.
Takafamba kwemazuva mana, takahaya Jeep kwemaviri uye takatora marwendo akarongeka kwemamwe maviri. Nhambwe dzinotaridzika pfupi pamepu dzinogona kutambanuka kwemaawa netsoka; kurongedza sunscreen nemvura usati wabva Hanga Roa.
Zuva rinobuda uye rinonoka kunonoka, saka unogona kumuka zviri nyore munguva kuti utyaire murima chaiko kuna Ahu Tongariki, 15 akamira Moai akatenderedzwa nedombo. Kwayedza ichipaza zvifananidzo - nekungopopota kwemafungu akatsamwa uye jongwe rinorira apo neapo richikanganisa runyararo - vakwikwidzi vanokwira chando cheGreat Wall yeChina sechinhu chinoshamisa kwazvo chandakaona muhupenyu hwangu hwekufamba.
Gomo reRano Raraku riri padyo zvakare rakashamisa: nzvimbo inocherwa matombo panogona kuonekwa Moai mumatanho ese ekupedzisa, kusanganisira nekuvhunduka kubuda mugomo rinoputika.
Makomo matatu ese ezvitsuwa akatsakatika, asi Rano Raraku inozivikanwa se "nursery" nekuti yakapa dombo iro 95 muzana yeMoai akagadzirwa. Imwe, "El Gigante," ndiyo Moai mukurusa akambovezwa pamamita makumi maviri nemashanu pakukwirira. Kuumba maburi parutivi rwegomo rinoputika uko vagari vepachiwi vakapaza kuti vafambe neMoais.
Hondo yeMoai, vazhinji vakavigwa kusvika kumitsipa yavo, vanochengetedza materu egomo. Paive nemaMoais mazana matatu nemaviri akasiyiwa achivakwa kana kufamba, zvichiratidza kuti vanhu vepachitsuwa vakasiya sei kuvaka.
Moai mukurusa akambotama akayera 87 toni. Rondedzero dzekuti vagari vepazvitsuwa vakakwanisa sei kutakura zvisikwa zvakakura kudaro vanosanganisira kuzvikungurutsa pazvikepe zvakaiswa pamatanda kana kuzvidhonza nehurongwa hwemapuleti. Chero nzira, miti yemichindwe yaimbosimbisa chitsuwa ichi yaivimbwa nayo zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuparadzwa kwemasango.
Kumaodzanyemba kweRano Raraku iAnakena beach, uko kwakajeka, mafungu anotonhora anotenderera jena jecha jena. Paunenge uchishambira, unogona kudongorera kumisana kwemasere eMoais kuAhu Nau Nau, mamwe akachengetedzwa zvakanyanya nekuti akavigwa pasi pejecha kwemakore.
Maodzanyemba eHanga Roa, pamateru egomo rinoputika reRano Kau, musha wemhemberero weOrongo, nekudzokororwa kwemisha yakatenderera vagari vepazvitsuwa vakambogara. Pano iwe uchaona crater hombe yechitsuwa ichi, dutu rakapeperetswa nemhepo rinodzika pasi pamakona asingafungire, richipa maonero anoshamisa egungwa rinopenya kure uye zvidiki zvidiki zvidiki.
Kana shiri dzinofamba dzichisvika pazvitsuwa, madzinza aisarudza mutambi kuti akwire pasi gomo reRano Kau, oshambira pamusoro pemvura ine shark uye awane zai reshiri. Wekutanga kudzoka asina kutyora zai angave iye mutungamiri mukuru wegore, achivimbisa nzvimbo yedzinza rake pamusoro pehutongi hwechitsuwa ichi. Makwikwi, akapedzisira kuitwa muna 1865, akapedza hondo dzemadzinza.
Zvivezwa zvinoda kusvika mazana mashanu zvinonzi Tangata Manu zvinoratidzira miviri yevanhu nemisoro yeshiri, uye Edmunds akadana makwikwi eva shiri “chimiro chisina tsarukano cherusununguko.” Asi vakati zvinongouya chete mushure mekuparadzwa kwezve zviwanikwa kwakatungamira hupfumi kupunzika, uye vakayambira kuti njodzi imwecheteyo ingawira nyika.
"Ndinoona Rapa Nui sepfupiso yezvingaitika pasi rese," akadaro. “Takaenda kuhondo tikazviparadza. Zvizvarwa gumi nezviviri kana gumi neshanu gare gare, nyika inogona kuita zvakafanana. ”
Kana Ukaenda…
candianpress.com
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- And some are worried the onslaught of outsiders could take a toll on the very things they come to see, the gigantic stone heads known as Moais.
- Tourists began arriving en masse 20 years later, when a three-kilometre runway was built as an alternative landing site for the U.
- Today, in addition to a few cruise ships, there are eight flights a week from Santiago, Chile’s capital, and Papeete, Tahiti.
