LONDON (eTN) - Ari kurumbidzwa nevamwe saObama wekuSouth Asia. Murume ari mubvunzo ndiMohamed Nasheed mutungamiri mutsva weMaldives. Vese iye nemutungamiri weAmerica vakatarisana nedambudziko rimwe chete: vakasimba pakutaura asi zvino vanofanirwa kuzadzisa tarisiro yakakwira zvisingaite. Mohamed Nasheed ainyatsoziva nezvebasa guru raive mberi paakataura kuRoyal Commonwealth Society panguva yekushanya kwake kuLondon. Akarangarira kurwira hutongi hwejekerere kwemakore makumi maviri.
“Zvaiva nengozi kwatiri kutaura kana kunyora pamusoro pezvinhu – vamwe vedu vakaiswa mujeri uye nekutambudzwa nekutaura pamusoro pezvataida. VaMaldivi vakawanda vaifunga kuti taingopambadza nguva yedu. Takanga takaoma musoro, takaramba tichiita basa redu, tichiita zvataifunga kuti ndizvo zvakanaka, tichitarisira kuti paizova nemigumisiro yetsunami yaizochinja zvinhu. Pakupedzisira, tsunami yakaratidza kuti ndiyo yakakonzera kuchinja.”
Mushure mekunge vatizira kuSri Lanka neUK kuti vadzivise kutambudzwa nehurumende yeaimbova purezidhendi anozvitonga, Maumoon Gayoom, VaNasheed neboka ravo rakavimbika revatsigiri vakadzokera kuMaldives kana mamiriro ezvinhu avandudzwa zvakakwana kuti abvumire kuumbwa kwemapato ezvematongerwo enyika.
"Takakwanisa kukurudzira vanhu veMaldivian kuita zvematongerwo enyika uye takabudirira kuunza shanduko yesimba. Democracy muMaldives ine hunyoro, isu tinofanirwa kuita zvivimbiso zvataiita. Takanga tichiudza vanhu kuti 'mune nguva yakaoma nokuda kwehurumende yapfuura.' Takatarisana nenguva yakaoma, yakaoma nemhaka yemamiriro oupfumi enyika yose uye nokuti takagara nhaka hovha isina chinhu.”
Mutungamiri Nasheed akasimbisa kuti kuti hurumende yavo ienderere mberi, inofanira kuwirirana nezvaiitika kare. Kukunda kwebato ravo musarudzo muna Gumiguru 2008 kwakaratidza kupera kwehutongi hwakareba hwemutungamiri muAsia uyezve imwe yehurumende dzinodzvinyirira pasi rose. Mukati memakumi matatu amakore avo vari musimba, VaGayoom, vakadzvinyirira noutsinye zviratidzo zvipi nezvipi zvokushorwa nokupokana. Mapoka epasi rose anorwira kodzero dzevanhu akagadzira bhuku revanopikisa vakakandwa mujeri uye muzviitiko zvakawanda vanotambudzwa.
VaGayoom varamba vachiramba izvi vachinongedzera danho kubva muna 2004 rekuunza shanduko yegutsaruzhinji. Vashori vake vanoramba kuti akadzingwa munzira yekuvandudza nekukura kusagadzikana uye kuratidzira munyika uye nedzvinyiriro dzepasirese. VaNasheed, ivo pachavo vakaiswa mujeri uye vakaendeswa kuutapwa kuzvitsuwa zviri kure zveMaldivian kwemakore anoda kusvika matanhatu.
Kubva paakatanga kutonga, Mohamed Nasheed akasimbirira kuti anotarisira kutanga patsva pasina kutsiva kune akamutangira asi anobvuma kuti zvanga zvakaoma kuwana vazhinji vekuMaldivians kuti vagovane pfungwa yake yehukuru. VaGayoom havana kuita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore nekuramba kutsakatika muhupoteri hwakanaka uye havana kuvanza tariro yavo yekudzoka kwezvematongerwo enyika. Mutungamiri Nasheed vakatsanangura dambudziko ravakatarisana naro pakusarudza zvokuita pamusoro paVaGayoom nevatsigiri vavo, “Tinogona kuvadzikisira nekuenda kumberi asi vanhu vakawanda vari kunangana neni vachiti vanoda kururamisira. Isu tinofanirwa kutsvaga imwe nzira yekugadzirisa zvakapfuura kuti vanhu vataure kuti 'izvi zvakaitika kwandiri' nekuti ndinoziva kuti ndikaongorora zvekare zvangu ndinogona kutsiva kana ndikabata izvo. Tinogona kukwanisa kuwirirana nezvakaitika kare nokuva neramangwana rakajeka.”
Mukutaura kwavo, Mutungamiri Nasheed vakataura kukosha kwekuvaka vatongi uye kudzidzisa vatongi kuitira kuti vagadzire hurongwa hunoshanda uye hwakazvimirira. Vachityirwa nekushungurudzwa pasi pehutongi hwaVaGayoom, mutungamiri wenyika, VaNasheed, vakasimbirira kuti hurumende haifanirwe kubata matare edzimhosva kana kuvafurira neimwe nzira.
Mutungamiri Nasheed vakanyorawo mamwe matambudziko muMaldives: kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka pakati pevechidiki, kuwandisa kwevanhu muguta guru, Murume, uye kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kusimudzira masevhisi akakosha sedzidzo uye hutano.
“Tinotarisira kugadzirisa nyaya idzi uye tinoda fungidziro, simba neushingi kuti tigadzirise izvi. Tichatarisira kuve nekubatanidzwa kwakanaka kwedemocracy muMaldives. Tinoda kugadzira hurongwa hwekuchinja hudzvanyiriri muMaldives. Isu tinofanirwa kugadza muenzaniso kune dzimwe nyika uye kuratidza nemuenzaniso kuti haufanirwe kubhomba nyika kuti uunze shanduko. Takambova neshanduko kana mutungamiri abuda akapambwa kana kuurayiwa. Izvi zvinotora nyika makore mazhinji kumashure. Tinofanira kutsvaga imwe nzira yekuvaka nyika iri nani. "
IMaldives inyika yechiMuslim ine bumbiro remitemo rinoti unofanira kunge uri muMuslim kuti uve mugari wemo. Mutungamiri Nasheed vakati chikamu ichi chakapasiswa nehurumende yapfuura uye vakabvuma kuti havangakwanise kuvimbisa shanduko munguva pfupi. Akabvuma kuti pakanga paine yakasimba radical Islamist chinhu muMaldives.
"Radical Islam yaimbova inopikisa chete - takagadzira nzvimbo. Patangotanga, kusimuka kweIslamist radicalism muMaldives kwakatariswa. Mupfungwa dzangu, democracy yakakosha kwazvo kugadzirisa Islamic radicalism. Isu takanga tisina mubatanidzwa nemapato echiIslam, kunyangwe takasangana navo ka26. Vakakundwa zvakaipisisa musarudzo. Veruzhinji muMaldives vanofambira mberi uye vane rusununguko. "
Padivi rakanaka, kunyangwe shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika, kushanya kunoramba kuri iko kunopa mari kuMaldives. Vatsigiri vaVaGayoom vanovatenda nekusandura nyika kuita paradhiso yevashanyi uye nekuunza mari zhinji yekunze. Asi mari iyi haina kupararira pakati pehuwandu hwevanhu vanodarika mazana matatu ezviuru.
Hurumende yeNasheed yakazvipira kuona kuti pave nekugovewa kwakaenzana kwemari inowanikwa nekushanyirwa kwenyika. Mutungamiriri wenyika, paakabvunzwa nezve eco-tourism, akati kunyange iyi senzvimbo iyo hurumende yake irikuda kusimudzira, vashanyi vanokwezva kuMaldives vainyanya kutsvaga nguva yakanaka.
“Takarambidza kuredza hove asi handifungi kuti izvi zvingatiponesa. Iwe haugone kuita mari nekutarisa mashaki. Eco-tourism haiunze kudzoka kwakafanana sekushanya kweumbozha. Nharaunda yemuno nepasirese inofanirwa kushanduka uye kungochinja mafungiro aya ndiko kwaunogona kuita shanduko huru. "
IMaldives zvakare ndiyo nyika yakatarisana nekutyisidzira kukuru kubva mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kukwira kwemvura yegungwa. Nzvimbo yakakwirira pane ipi zvayo yezvitsuwa 1,200 inongova mamita 2.4 pamusoro pegungwa. Mutungamiri Nasheed vakati kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kwakatyisidzira kuvepo kweMaldives uye vakasimbisa kuzvipira kwehurumende yavo kuita kuti nyika isarerekera kabhoni mumakore gumi.
"Tinoda kuti Maldives ive yekuratidzira tekinoroji nyowani. Isu tinotenda kuti simba rinogoneka rinogoneka. Tinofanirwa kutsvaga vanoda kusima mari kuti vauye munyika yedu uye vanofanira kushandisa simba remagetsi rinogoneka.
NevaMaldives vakagadzirirwa kuva sachigaro weSouth Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Mutungamiri akacherechedza kuti kunyange zvazvo nyika yake iri duku yakanga yakakosha zvikuru kunyanya kuIndia neSri Lanka. Vati nyika idzi dziri mbiri dzave nerupo mukupa rubatsiro rwemari nezvimwe.
Panhepfenyuro, Mutungamiri Nasheed vakati hurumende yavo inoda nhepfenyuro yakasununguka zvachose uye yakatsvaga kurega kutonga kweTV neredhiyo nemapepanhau. Mutungamiriri wenyika akati ari kutsvagira vatengesi vezvenhau kuti vagadzirise chikamu chezvenhau chinopa rusununguko nemakwikwi. “Tinoda kubiridzira redhiyo neTV Maldives pamwe nekugovera network. Ndauya pano kuti ndione kana vanoisa mari kuUK vachifarira.
Kunyange hazvo zvisungo zvehurumende itsva zvichifarirwa, pave paine kusavimbika pamusoro pekukurumidza uye nemafambisirwo ari kuitwa shanduko zhinji. Imwe nyanzvi yeMaldivian yakanga yatambira hurumende itsva yave kukahadzika zvakanyanya.
“Hurumende iripo haina mitemo inobatika, inongova manifesto yavo chete. Havatendi mukubatanidzwa kwevanhu kana budiriro inoenderera mberi. Vakagadzirawo zvigaro zvezvematongerwo enyika zvakawanda uye vakagadza vanhu vasina basa, vasingakodzeri kuita zvinzvimbo zvakasiyana uye vanoita zvinhu nenzira yekufungidzira. Hapana kana kubvunzana kushoma kwaimbovepo kare. Ivo havavimbe nevashandi vehurumende uye zvakanyanya iboka revashandi vari kuita zvese. Zvinoodza moyo chaizvo, iyi handiyo zvayo shanduko yataida.”
Kune zvakare kushoropodzwa kwechido chehurumende chekuita senge chisina kuvharwa nemeseji yekuti "Maldives yakavhurika bhizinesi." Vazhinji veMaldivians vari kunetsekana nekutengesa zviwanikwa zvishoma zvenyika kune vekunze uye nengozi yekupa kutonga kweanenge ese masevhisi, dzidzo inosanganisirwa, kune vekunze varidzi. Kutya kuri kuramba kuchikura kuti kunyangwe hurumende yavimbisa, mitemo yayo inogona kupedzisira yava vapfumi uye vamwe vese vekuMaldivian vachiendeswa kune hutano.
Sezvo Mohamed Nasheed akaziva kukunda muhondo yedemocracy kunogona kuratidza kuve chikamu chiri nyore; kubatanidza kukunda kwakarwa uku uye kutendesa vanhu veMaldives kuti marwadzo emakore makumi matatu apfuura aive akakosha, anogona kuve kurwa kwakatooma.
Rita Payne ndiye sachigaro weCommonwealth Journalists Association (UK) uye aimbove mupepeti weAsia weBritish Broadcasting Corporation.
