Hondo Yakakanganisa Sei Maawa Endege?

Middle East inoshanda senzvimbo yakakosha yekufamba nendege pasi rose, kufambisa mazana emazuva ese endege dzinobatanidza US, Europe, neAsia nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo.

Hondo pakati Izirayeri uye Hamas, pamwe chete nokusawirirana kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera munharaunda yatova nenyonganyonga, zvaita kuti kufamba nendege munzira idzodzo kunyanye kuoma. Ndege dzakadzikisira masevhisi nekuda kwekunetsekana kwekuchengetedza kunobva mukusawirirana uku.

Hondo yeRussia-Ukraine

Kurwisa kweRussia kuUkraine zvakakonzera kuvharwa kwenzvimbo huru yendege, zvichikonzera kunonoka kukuru kwendege dzekunze. Kuvharwa uku, kwakakanganisa nzira dzakakurumbira senzira dzeGreat Circle kuburikidza neSiberia dzichibatanidza makondinendi, kwakawedzera maawa kunzendo dzakawanda.

El Al, ndege yeIsrael, yakachinja nzira dzekubhururuka nekunzvenga nzvimbo zhinji dzeArabia nekuda kwekunetsekana kwekuchengetedza, zvichikonzera nzira refu dzekuenda kunzvimbo dzakaita seBangkok. Ndege yakamisa masevhisi kuIndia uye yakadzima nzira dzemwaka kuenda kuTokyo. Dzimwe ndege dzakawanda dzakamira kuenda kuTel Aviv panguva yekunetsana, neLufthansa ichimisa ndege dzeBeirut kwenguva pfupi. Air France-KLM yakacherekedza kudzikira kudiki kwekudiwa kwevatyairi kune nzendo dzedunhu.

Hondo yeIsrael-Palestine

Kusawirirana kweIsrael-Palestine kuri kuitika kunoisa njodzi kune vanofamba nendege dzinopfuura munzvimbo dzine mhirizhonga.

Kupokana kwenzvimbo kuMiddle East kwapa Yemen, Syria, neSudan miganhu kune dzakawanda ndege. Vatakuri veUS neUK vanosiya nzvimbo yeIranian airspace, vachitungamira ndege refu kumadokero pamusoro peIraq. Nepo kurwisana kuchangobva kuitika kusati kwakonzeresa kunonoka kwendege mudunhu, kusawirirana kuri kunetsa nzira dzendege pamusoro peIran neIraq. Kuwedzera kurwiswa kweUS nemauto emubatanidzwa muIraq neSyria, pamwe chete neyambiro yeIran yekukonana kutsva nekuda kwekupinda muGaza Strip yeIsrael, kunowedzera kushushikana pamusoro penzira idzi dzekubhururuka.

Kuvharwa kunogona kuitika kwendege muMiddle East kunogona kukanganisa ndege dzinosvika mazana matatu zuva nezuva pakati peEurope neSouth/Southeast Asia, sezvakataurwa nekambani yekuongorora nezvendege Cirium. Vatakuri vane dzimwe nzira, kunyangwe dzinodhura uye dzisina njodzi, sekutsaukira kumaodzanyemba pamusoro peEgypt (zvichizoita kuti ndege dzirebe) kana kuchamhembe pamusoro penzvimbo dzichangobva kuitika dzakaita seArmenia neAzerbaijan, zvichiteverwa nekufamba uchitenderera kana pamusoro peAfghanistan.

Mhedzisiro yeHondo paKushanda Kwendege

Anne Agnew Correa, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wepamusoro MBA Aviation, yakaratidza kuti kuvharwa kwakakosha kwenzvimbo yemhepo kuchaunza matambudziko akakura pamashandiro endege nezvikwata zvekutarisira mari. Vatakuri vanobva kuEuropean Union, UK, US, neCanada vakatotarisana nemigwagwa inodhura nekuda kwenzvimbo yakarambidzwa yeRussia airspace pandege dzeAsia. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akakurudzira Finnair Oyj kuti igadzirise nzira yayo yedaro refu, zvichiita kuti ndege dzinyore-pasi nekuda kwekuderedzwa kwekwaniso. Pamusoro pezvo, Air France-KLM yakaisa mari mumajeti akareba eA350 muchidimbu kuti afambe achitenderedza kurambidzwa kwemhepo yeRussia.

Muna 2021, iyo Federal Aviation Administration yakafungidzira kuti imwe neimwe awa yekuwedzera yekubhururuka rwendo rwakafanana neruzhinji rwakaunza imwe mari inosvika US$7,227.

John Gradek, nyanzvi mukushanda kwendege pa University of McGill, akacherechedza kuti mari inoshandiswa semafuta ekufambisa dzimotokari nevashandi yakakwira kubva ipapo, zvichiwedzerawo kumitengo iyi.

Vatakuri vakaita seChina Eastern Airlines vari kusimudzira mutengo wavo mukana uye kudzokazve mumusika wepasirese.

Vatakuri veChinese vaona kukura kwechigaro pakati peChina neUK, ichipfuura pre-Covid mazinga. Vakawana mugove wemusika kubva kuBritish Airways neMhandara Atlantic Airways. Mamiriro akafanana anoonekwa muItari, uko ndege dzeChinese dziri kuwana nzvimbo nekuwedzera kwe20% yehuwandu.

Nekudaro, ndege kubva kuChina kuenda kuGermany, France, neNetherlands dzichiri kusara kumashure mazinga e2019 ne20% kana kupfuura, nevatakuri veChinese vachiwana chikamu mumisika iyi.

Kunyangwe yakawedzera mafrequency kuenda kuShanghai neBeijing, mavhoriyamu eBritish Airways 'kuChina anoramba akaderera ne40% pane mazinga a2019. Pakazere, IAG SA yakashuma kuderera kwe54% mukukwanisa kudunhu reAsia-Pacific muchikamu chechitatu zvichienzaniswa ne2019.

Mukuru weAir France-KLM, Ben Smith, akataura parunhare rwaGumiguru 27 kuti ndege iyi haizvione iri munjodzi sezvo vazhinji vevatengi vemakambani vanozeza kuisa vashandi vavo mundege dzinoyambuka Russia dzichienda kuChina.

Air India, kufanana nendege dzeChinese, inoramba ichikwanisa kutora nzira dzakananga pamusoro peRussia kuenda kuUS neCanada. Zvisinei nekumhara kwechimbichimbi kumabvazuva kweRussia nekuda kwenyaya yeinjini mundege kubva kuNew Delhi kuenda kuSan Francisco, CEO weAir France-KLM, Ben Smith, akasimbisa kuti hapana kumanikidzwa kubhururuka pamusoro peRussia kuitira nguva. Cirium data inoratidza kutangazve kweAir India, inotora ingangoita zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzvina zvemusika wendege weIndia-US uye ingangoita zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemusika weIndia-Canada, nepo Air Canada yakarasikirwa nekutonga kwayo muna 2019.

John Grant, muongorori mukuru weaviation tracker OAG, anoyambira nezve njodzi iri kuwedzera yeindasitiri yendege nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuvharwa kwendege. Grant anosimbisa kuti mamiriro azvino anoratidza nyika umo mhedzisiro yekuvharwa kwakadai iri kuramba ichiwanda, zvichiunza njodzi huru kuindasitiri.