Kufungazve rumutsiriro rwekushanya

Zvakaunza zviitiko zvekufamba uye zvekushanya kumisa uye zvakakanganisa hupenyu hwevanhu uye nzanga zvichikonzera kusuwa uye zvichisiya kumashure kwakadzama pakati pevanhu vari munyika dzakasiyana siyana nekuomarara. Sezvo chikamu chekushanya chakarohwa zvakanyanya neCCIDID-19, izvi zvakakonzera kurasikirwa kwekuvimba pakati pevafambi, zvichikanganisa hupenyu hwemagariro nehupfumi.

Iyo data yakaoma

Maererano neWorld Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), denda reCCIDID-19 denda rakakonzera kuti chikamu chekufambisa uye chekushanyirwa chirasikirwa nemadhora mazana mana emadhora mazana mana, pamwe nekupa kwaro kwepasi rose kuGDP kuchidzikira ne4.9% gore negore, zvichienzaniswa nekudzikira kwe50.4% kwehupfumi hwenyika. Paive nekupenya kwetariro muna 3.3 sezvo mupiro wekufambisa uye kushanya kuGDP wakawedzera neUS $ 2021 trillion (+ 1% kusimuka) muna 21.7 kusvika paUS 2021 trillion, ukuwo chikamu chechikamu chehupfumi hwese chakawedzera kubva pa5.8% muna 5.3 kusvika 2020. % muna 6.1. Pamusoro pezvo, chikamu ichi chakaona kudzoreredzwa kwemabasa emamiriyoni 2021, zvichimiririra kuwedzera kwe18.2%. Kufungidzira kwekukura kuri kupenya izvo zvinounza kufara pakati pevanobata sezvo kufamba uye kushanya GDP yakarongerwa kukura paavhareji ne6.7% pagore pakati pa5.8 na2022, ichipfuura kukura kwehupfumi hwese (2032% pagore) ichigadzira inoda kusvika 2.7 miriyoni itsva. mabasa mukati memakore gumi anotevera. 

Kufamba uye kushanya GDP inogona kudzoka kumatanho e2019 mukupera kwa2023. Nekudaro, zvakawanda zvinoenderana nebasa rekuita nehurumende nevekufamba-kutengesa chikamu nekugadzirira matambudziko emangwana, kugarisana neCCIDID-19 nekutora maitiro pamwe chete uye mutoro wega wega, kurerutswa kwemamiriro ekuvhura nzvimbo, uye kutaurirana kuri nani nekuronga, kutaura zvishoma.

Tourism yakaomerwawo mudunhu reAsia Pacific sezvo yakanyoresa kudonha kwe82% kwevashanyi vanosvika muna 2020 zvichienzaniswa ne2019. Nepal yakaratidzawo kudzikira kwevashanyi vanosvika. Nepal yakanyoresa 230,085 uye 150,962 muna 2020 uye 2021 zvakateerana. Pakati paNdira-Nyamavhuvhu 2022, huwandu hwese hwekusvika hwakanyorwa pa326,667. Vashanyi vanosvika muna 2020 vakapotsa vadzikira ne80% zvichienzaniswa ne2019 (1,197,191).

Kuchinja mafambiro

Denda reCOVID-19 rachinja mafambiro. Mufambiro wekufamba unosanganisira dzimwe sarudzo, zviitiko, mazano, uye zviitiko zvinogutsa zvinodiwa nevatengi uye zvavanoda. Zvidzidzo zvirikuenderera mberi pasirese pamusoro pezvakakanganiswa neCCIDID-19 uye ramangwana rekufamba uye kushanya kuri kufanotaura kuti mafambiro uye mashandisiro ezvekushanya anogona kuchinja munguva yeCOVID-19. Ongororo yeEconomist Impact yevafambi vanopfuura zviuru zvina nemazana mashanu mudunhu - mhiri kweAustralia, Japan, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, neThailand - inoratidza kuti vanopfuura vanomwe pagumi (4,500%) vakapindura vanobvuma kuti COVID. -7 yakashandura nzira yavanofunga nayo pamusoro pekushanya kwakasimba nekuita kuti zvive zvakakosha kwavari.

Mhedzisiro yeongororo inoratidza kuti 57% yevashanyi vanoda kudzivirira kushanya, nepo 69.9% vanogona kudzivirira kuenda kunzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda.

Chikamu chakafanana (71.7%) chinoratidza kuti vanogona kuenda kunzvimbo dzinovabvumira kudzivirira nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Pasina kupokana, pane kudikanwa kwekukurumidzira kufunga zvakakomba nzira dzekuvandudza maitiro anogona kubatsira kudzoreredza uye kuchengetedza kushanya munguva yepost-COVID-19.

Kaviri jolt kune kushanya kwenyika

Mushure mekurukurirano huru pakati peNyika, iyo UN World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) gore rino akadzoka kuzotarisa nezveramangwana paZuva reWorld Tourism Day (Gunyana 27) nedingindira repakati "Rethinking Tourism" vachitarisira kushanya kuunza tariro nemukana kumamirioni ari kutambura nekuda kwehuviri jolt yeCOVID-19 neUkraine. hondo. UNWTO yakaratidza mukana wekufunga zvakare kushanya nenzira iri nani nekuisa vanhu nepasi pekutanga, uye kuunza munhu wese kubva kuhurumende nemabhizinesi kunharaunda dzenharaunda pamwe chete pamusoro pechiono chakagovaniswa chechikamu chakasimba, chinosanganisirwa, uye chakasimba. UNWTO takatarisira kuti zuva reWorld Tourism Day richacherechedzwa sezvo shanduko yekuenda kuvashanyi ichionekwa sembiru yakakosha yebudiriro, uye zvinoita sekunge kufambira mberi kuri kuitika. Muchidimbu, dingindira kuyedza kuvandudza indasitiri yekushanya yepasi rose mune post-COVID-19 denda uye mamiriro ehondo.

MuNepal

Nepal inofanira kutsvaga nzira itsva dzekutangazve kushanya. Nguva pfupi yadarika, hurumende yakazivisa zviitiko makumi manomwe nenhatu zvekushanya mushure mehurukuro dzakasimba nebazi rezvekufambiswa kwemabasa kuitira kusimbaradza kushanya. Kathmandu Valley (imwe yematunhu ari kukurumidza kukurumidza kukura muSouth Asia) kushanya kunonyanya kufambiswa nehupfumi hwayo hutsika hune 73 akadzivirirwa nzvimbo dzezviyeuchidzo dzinodanwa seUNESCO World Heritage nzvimbo. Nepal inofanirwa kuenderera mberi uye kuenda kuUNESCO kuti inyore muIntangible Cultural Heritage runyoro iyo inounza kukosha kwakanyanya kune tsika dzenyika. Semuyenzaniso, 7 Isingabatiki Cultural Heritage zvinhu kubva kuIndia zvino zvakanyorwa pahurongwa hweUNESCO. Nepal ine yakasarudzika tsika inogona kutarisira zvakafanana. Gai Jatra naIndra Jatra, vanopembererwa chete muKathmandu Valley, vanotakura huremu hwakawanda uye vane mukana wakakura wekubatana nepasirese.

Mumakore ekuma70, Nepal yakatanga kushanyirwa kwemhuka dzesango uye yaizivikanwa zvikuru pamepu dzekushanya, ichikosheswa zvikuru nenyika. Aimbove Munyori weDziviriro weUS uye Mutungamiriri weWorld Bank, Robert McNamara, akatenda maitiro eNepal ekutanga mukushanya kwemhuka dzesango pamwe nekuchengetedza. Henry Kissinger, aimbove Munyori wezvekunze kweUS, akashamiswawo nekushanya kwemhuka dzemusango kuNepal. Aimbove Mutungamiriri weIndia, Indira Gandhi akafemerwa nekutonga kwemasango eNepal uye kushanya zvekuti akabvuma kuti pane zvakawanda zvekudzidza kubva kuNepal. Kushanya kwemhuka dzesango kunopa zvinodiwa nevashanyi vepamusoro-soro, uye Nepal inofanirwa kuzvimisikidza seyepamusoro-soro nzvimbo yekushanya kuburikidza nekushanya kwemhuka dzesango sezvo nyika ine mukana wekuenzanisa uye wekukwikwidza pamusoro payo. Kubwinya kwakapfuura kweNepal kunofanirwa kumutsiridzwa kuti kukwidziridze kushanya.

Kuvheneka chiedza chekuchengetedza tourism

Iyo Sustainable Tourism for Livelihood Recovery Project (STLRP), yakabatanidzwa neNepal Tourism Board neUNDP, yakavambwa muna 2021 nezvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa zvakanakira mabhenefiti epasi pepiramidhi anoshanda muchikamu chekushanya. Iyo STLRP yakanyatso shanda pakupa zvinodikanwa zvekurarama nekukasika kuburikidza nemikana yenguva pfupi yebasa kunharaunda dziri munjodzi dzinotsamira pakushanyirwa, kunyanya vakadzi nevanhu vanobva mumapoka anotambura muchikamu chekushanya vakarasikirwa nemabasa kana mari nekuda kweCOVID-19. Yakagadzirisawo kuunza mabasa uye mari yevashandi vekushanya kuburikidza nekugadzirisa nekuvandudza zvigadzirwa zvekushanya munzvimbo huru dzekushanya. Kudyidzana nemasangano akasiyana siyana ekushanya kwakaitwa kuti vape kudzidziswa kwakavakirwa pahunyanzvi sekudzidziswa kwekutungamira rwizi, kudzidziswa kwegwara rekubika, kudzidziswa kwegwara rekufamba, uye resitorendi nebhawa manejimendi manejimendi kusimudzira zvemhando yepamusoro zviwanikwa zvevanhu.

Chirongwa ichi chakabatana nehurumende dzematunhu masere pakuvaka zvivakwa zvidiki zvekushanya izvo zvakagadzira 8 vanhu mazuva ebasa kusvika Chivabvu 5,450.

Zvakare, STLRP yakatsigira kusimbiswa kwenzvimbo yekugara kuburikidza nekuvakwa kwemuchinjiziri pedyo nenzvimbo dzine njodzi yemafashama mumusha wePheriche (4,300 metres) kuKhumbu uko kwakavakwa gabion mudhuri wakapoteredza 390 metres kudzivirira kufashama kubva kunzizi dziri pedyo nechando. mafashama edhamu anoratidza kuzvipira kwaro kunharaunda dzenharaunda, hupfumi, uye kuchengetedzwa. Kusiyana nedzimwe nyika dzainge dzakanangana nemaitiro epamusoro-pasi nekugadzira zvirongwa zvekudzoreredza kune avo vari kumagumo epiramidhi, iyo STLRP yakanyatso tarisira pasi pepiramidhi kuburikidza nekudzorera nekufunga zvakare nezvekushanya uye kumutsiridza nharaunda dzenzvimbo.

Dambudziko guru kudzorera chivimbo mukushanyirwa kunokwanisika chete kuburikidza nekufamba. Inofanira kubatanidza uchenjeri hwemurume akwegura uye kufara kwemwana uye kuda kuziva. Yakwana nguva yekufunga zvakare nezve tourism uye kuigadzira zvakare nemutoro mutsva nenzira ine musoro. Pasina kupokana, dingindira rauya panguva iyo vanhu vakatarisa kuti tourism sector iunze ruyamuro mukupedza nhamo yavo kuburikidza nekuongorora zvakare kushanya kwekusimudzira budiriro, kusanganisira dzidzo, mabasa, kusimudzira mabasa, zviwanikwa zvevanhu vakadzidziswa, uye chokwadi kushanya kunobatsira. nyika nemikana yekukura zvine mwero. UNWTO yakanyatso kumbira munhu wese kuti afunge nezve nzira itsva dzekumutsiridza kushanya kwese.