Rumu rinopfuura chinwiwa chine mweya

Rum ine vatsva vanokwikwidza kupinda mumusika

Rum. Pakutanga

Rumu rinopfuura chinwiwa chine mweya. Rum akaita mabasa akakosha muhupfumi hwenyika nezvematongerwo enyika. Rum yakashandiswa semari, sechikamu chetsika dzechitendero, chiratidzo chakabatana nehupombwe pakati peTemperance crusaders, uye sechikamu chine hutano chekudya uye chinwiwa hutongi hweBritish Navy.

Rum yaive yakakura kunze kwenyika kubva kuNew England yekoloni uye yanga iri chikamu chakakosha chemasangano emabhizimusi. Yakazora tsika, uye maitiro ehupfumi ayo akagadzira uye akakurudzira kutengeswa kwevaranda, kusvetuka-kutanga kumukira kurwisa vatungamiriri vakaibata nemagavhuna akaedza kuitonga. Rum yakapembererwa nevanyori, yakashandiswa mukugocha nevezvematongerwo enyika, uye yakapa nyaradzo uye mibairo kuvashandi vakatema nzimbe uye, mushure mekunwa, vakadzokera kuminda kunogadzira mamwe ramu.

Kusvikira ku21st Century

Shuga yakatanga kurimwa muPapua, New Guinea, uye yakatanga kuviriswa muna -350 BC muIndia uko zvinwiwa zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya semushonga. Yakarimwa ndokuendeswa kuAfrica, uye Spain. Mumakore ekuma1400 vatsvakurudzi vakavhura nzira dzekutengeserana uye zvitsuwa zviri kure zvakapa mamiriro ekunze akakwana ekurima nzimbe uye vaikwanisa kuwana mvura yakawanda. MuAzores, Canary Islands neCaribbean varanda vaipa basa.

Varanda vemuAfrica vakagamuchira nzira dzakawanda dzekubhadhara kuti vape nhapwa kumakoloni eEurope uye mubhadharo wainyanya kutsvakwa idoro. Barbados, mukutanga kwema1600, yaive nemamiriro ekunze akakwana enzimbe, uye muongorori Richard Ligon yakaunza hunyanzvi hwenzimbe kubva kuBrazil, kusanganisira midziyo, nhapwa, uye nzira dzekuisa kuchitsuwa. Kutenda kuLigon, mukati memakore gumi mashuga eBarbados akave mamwe evakapfuma pasirese, aine indasitiri yeshuga uye rum kunze kwenyika.

Mukati mezana ramakore rechi 17 (1655) Admiral Penn wezvikepe zveBritish akatapa Jamaica kubva kuSpanish uye akachinja kugoverwa kwedoro kuti atsiviwa nemweya wenzimbe waigadzirwa imomo. Paakabva kuJamaica, akawana kuti rum yakanga ine mukana chaiwo wekugara inotapira mubhokisi kwenguva yakareba kupfuura mvura kana doro.

Muzana ramakore rechi 18 (1731) Bhodhi reNavy rakaita rum iyo yepamutemo mugove wezuva nezuva, imwe pinti yewaini kana hafu yepinti yerum inofanira kupihwa muzvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana zuva nezuva. Yakanga iri kodzero uye ropafadzo inokosha yakavadzivirira kubva mukuora uye hutsinye hwehupenyu hwemafungu egungwa. Muzana ramakore rechi 19 (1850) rum ration yakagadziriswa pairi yechisere yepint kusvika yapedzwa muna 1970.

Nyaya yekupedzisira yeNavy yakaitika muna Chikunguru 31, 1970, inozivikanwa se "Black Tot Day" uye Yekutanga Gungwa Lord yakati, "huru yakakura pakati pezuva yakanga isiri mushonga wakanakisa kune avo vaifanira kubata zvakavanzika zveNavy zvemagetsi. .”

Chii chinonzi Rum

Rum inogadzirwa munyika dzinopfuura makumi masere uye misanganiswa yakasiyana inowanikwa muAfrica, Asia, South America, Caribbean, Philippines, United States, Europe, uye nyika dzeScandinavia. Munguva pfupi yapfuura mavhezheni ekare erum akadzokororwa uye akagadziridzwa uye vazhinji vava kugamuchira kuombera kwakafanana uye kutariswa seyakanaka Scotch whisky vachicherekedza kuti rum yakaoma sewaini.

Rudzi rwakanyanya kukosha rwerum muto chaiwo wenzimbe unoviriswa uye unonzi Rhum Agricole kana kuti Cachaca uye unogadzirwa muBrazil pamwe neaimbova makoroni eFrance. Boutique distillers mune mamwe mativi epasi vava kuwedzera masitayipi avo uye vachishandisa ichi morphed chigadzirwa kupinda mumisika mitsva.

Hapana izwi rinowanzogamuchirwa remarum rinobva pamuto wenzimbe kunyangwe madhiri muFrench Caribbean achipikisa kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo chete ndizvo zvinofanirwa kunzi Rhum Agricole uye mutemo wekuBrazil unoti Cachaca inogona kugadzirwa munyika iyoyo chete.

Cane rum inogona kugadzirwa chete kana mashizha eshuga aibva uye achibudisa muto mutsva; zvisinei, molasses-based rums inogona kuitwa mukati megore kubva kune zvakachengetwa zvigadzirwa. Madistillers anoshandisa molasses seyakabikwa haafanire kutora izwi rechiFrench remarum avo, Rhum Industriel.

Molasses ndiyo tsvina yakasara kubva muto wenzimbe yakabikwa mushure mekunge shuga yecrystalline yabudiswa. Izvo zvisina kugadzirwa murum zvinogona kuiswa mubhodhoro kuti zvishandiswe pakubika kana kuwedzerwa kuchikafu chemhuka. Molasses mbishi ine zvakawanda zvinonaka zvichienderana nenzimbe, ivhu, uye mamiriro ekunze.

Rum distillers vanosarudza kushandisa mbiya dzaimboshandiswa waini kana bourbon kuitira kuti vapinze chigadzirwa chavo nekunaka kwakaoma panguva yekukwegura; dzimwe nyika dzinoda kuti rum ivharwe mwedzi misere kuti vanzi vakura; vamwe vanoda 8 makore uye vamwe vakaisa nhungamiro.

Distillation inzira yekuisa zvinhu kubva mumusanganiswa wakaviriswa unonzi wort uye inowanzonzi kune maArab nePersia alchemists eMiddle Ages. Nekudaro, fungidziro iyi yakapidigurwa apo terracotta yakazara ichiri kuzivikanwa mumuseum muTaxila, Pakistan. Iyi alembic ichiri (yaimboshandiswa makore 5000 apfuura), ihari yevhu yakavharwa nedome ine spout inobvisika inodira mundiro yakavharwa uye parizvino inowanikwa mudhiriyori yemazuva ano.

Rums Tora Giredhi

Mamwe ma rum anoratidza zvinonaka zvemuno asi mamwe achinangwa kumusika wepasi rose. Giredhi uye kusiyanisa zvinoenderana nenzvimbo: 

o Rum yakachena kana yakajeka. Yakawanda inotengeswa pa80 uchapupu (40 muzana doro nehuwandu); kazhinji ane makore 1+; yakasefa kubvisa ruvara.

o Goridhe kana Pale Rum. Kazhinji akwegura makore akawanda; coloring inogona kuwedzerwa kuti ipe kuenderana; tsvaga zvinyoro zvinonaka zvevanilla, almond, citrus, caramel kana coconut zvichienderana nerudzi rwembiru inoshandiswa mukuchembera.

o Rima Rum. Kazhinji kuchembera muoki mbiya kwenguva yakareba; inonaka kupfuura rum chena, overproof Rum uye pamwe yakarungwa.

o Black Rum. Yakagadzirwa kubva kune molasses; inochengetedza yakawanda yemamolasses akapfuma uye caramel flavoring; inogona kuve yakapendwa neyakatsva caramel kuti iwane hue kuenderana; zvakakosha mukubika nekugadzira zvihwitsi; inopa zvakashinga zvinotapira-zvinonhuwirira zvinotapira kumakeke, zviwitsi, zviseredzero, uye sosi; madhiramu anowanzo kupiswa kana kupfurwa zvakanyanya zvichipa huni hwakasimba hwehuni kumvura.

kana Navy Rum. MaRums echinyakare akasviba, akazara-akabatana neBritish Royal Navy.

o Premium Aged Rum. Kazhinji yakanyorwa kuti “Anejo” munzvimbo dzechiSpanish; kunakidzwa nekushambidzika kana pamatombo; tora mavara akasviba uye akapfuma nekuda kwenguva yakashandiswa mumadhiramu; inogona kunge iine zvirevo muUS nedzimwe nyika zvichireva zera rinonongedza rum mudiki mumusanganiswa.

o Vintage Rum. Mazhinji eUS anotengeswa rum anosanganiswa kubva kune akawanda masosi asati aiswa mabhodhoro; mamwe akasarudzika rum akaiswa mabhodhoro kubva kune chaiwo makore ekutanga ekugadzirwa; yakanyorwa gore ravakachekwa uye nekwavakabva.

o Overproof. MaRums mazhinji ari kutengeswa kuUS ane 80-100 humbowo (40-50 muzana doro).

o Rhum Agricole. Yakaviriswa uye yakanyungudutswa kubva kumvura yakachena, yakachena yenzimbe; yakanyungudutswa kusvika pa70 muzana doro inobvumira Rhum kuchengetedza yakawanda yepakutanga inonaka yemuto wenzimbe; Chaiyo chikamu cheRhum inogadzira zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzeFrance dzeCaribbean, kunyanya Martinique.

o Rhum Vieux. Akwegura French rum

Kuvimbika. Professional Rum Hutungamiri

Eric Holmes Kaye ane ruzivo rwemumhanzi uye kushambadza, uye Maura Gedid, ane ruzivo muhukama hwevanodyara mari uye kutaurirana kwemakambani, vanounza kwakasiyana kwakasiyana kuindasitiri yeRum/mweya. Kuda kwavo rum uye kuda kusingagutsikane kwezviitiko zvitsva zvekuravira kunoita kuti maneophyte pamwe nevakazvipira kurum vasvike pakuziva hutsva uye hwakasiyana hweRum husina matambudziko kuburikidza nekuedza kwavo kwebhizinesi kuburikidza neHolmes Cay Rum. Kuburikidza neHolmes Cay, vatengi vanokwanisa kuwana mashoma edition rums anosanganisira akasarudzika masanganiswa kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzinosanganisira South Africa neFiji,

Holmes Cay inobvisa akanakisa madiki-batch akaganhurirwa edition rums akadirwa uye akaiswa mabhodhoro pasina zvinowedzera. Single Cask editions akachembera mumakasi uye eSingle Origin editions anosanganisa akawanda makasi uye masitayipi ekugadzira kugadzira ekutanga mataurirwo kubva kune yakapihwa distillery kana dunhu.

Kuti utende muunganidzwa weHolmes Cay, pakarepo bvisa pfungwa dzese dzakapfuura dzekuti Rum chii, kwete, uye/kana chingave. Vhura maziso ako, mhino, muromo, uye pfungwa, uye gadzirira Rum Shanduko:

1. Mhoba 2017 South Africa. Rum yekutanga yekuSouth Africa inotengeswa muUnited States. Tarisa kunhuhwirira kweshuga yenzimbe yakasanganiswa nekuravira kwepineapple yakagochwa, mhiripiri chena, uye muchero wekupisa unowedzerwa nezano refennel. Avhareji yekupedzisa kushamisika kunove kwakatonyanya kusarudzika pakatarisana nehutsi.

2. Fiji Rum. 2004 Single Origin Edition. Uyu musanganiswa wepoto yakareruka ine molasses-based poto uye yakaomeswa marums akachekwa kubva kuSouth Pacific Distilleries muLautoka, Fiji. Akaiswa bhodhoro pasina hupombwe kupfuura kuwedzerwa kwemvura uye akaiswa mubhodhoro mudiki batch re2260 mabhodhoro. Ngwarira sezvo Fiji Rum yakavharwa paumbowo hwepamusoro pane anowanzo kusanganiswa rum.

Chiedza-yellow hue chinotsanangura chiitiko cheziso. Aroma's inosimudzira huswa hwakachekwa, citrus (kunyanya lemon zest, uye anovava orenji peel), tsono dzepaini, uye mhiripiri mubayiro mhuno apo mukanwa unonzwa mavhavha nehuchi uye kupera kwekushamisika (?) - kubata kwehuswa nemhiripiri.

3. Uitvlgut. 2003. Guyana. Makasi mana chete (858 mabhodhoro) eRum iyi akagadzirwa. Akwegura kwemakore maviri muGuyana uye makore gumi nematanhatu muUK mumakasi ekare ebourbon asati aiswa bhodhoro nechiratidzo che2 muNew York State muna 16.

Iyo yakasarudzika inonhuwira / kuravira inogadzirwa pasina shuga, ruvara, kana zvimwe zvinonaka; bhodhoro padhiramu proof, kana 51 muzana doro nehuwandu.

Molasses-based, column ichiri rum inopa kunhuhwirira kwakapfuma nehuchi hwegoridhe hwakarerutswa nekunhuhwirira kwemvura yegungwa. Mukanwa unowana michero yakanyanyisa kutonhora, maarmond, herbs, uye cocoa.

© Dr. Elinor Garely. Ichi chinyorwa chekodzero hachigone kudhindwa pasina mvumo yakanyorwa kubva kumunyori.