Kana iwe wakadhawunirodha app radar yendege, unogona kunge wakashamiswa nenhamba huru yendege dziri kuyambuka nyika. Kuswedera pedyo Heathrow or JFK, chaungangoona murwi mukuru wendege diki dzese dzichiita kunge dziri kudhumhana kuti dzikwire kana kubva munzira. Zvinoita kunge zvine bongozozo, asi ndege imwe neimwe iri munzira yekubhururuka nemazvo, uye ibasa revanotyaira kufambisa ndege izvo zvinozokonzera rwendo rusina dambudziko uye kumhara kwakachengeteka.
Chinangwa chekudzora kufambiswa kwemhepo ndechekufambisa ndege zvakachengeteka uye zvine mutsindo kuburikidza neairspace system, kuchengetedza kutaurirana nemutyairi uye kuve nechokwadi chekutevedzera aviation protocol. MuUK, 7,000 ndege dzinofamba mumatenga zuva rega rega, uye masevhisi ekudzora mafambiro emhepo anobata 2.5 miriyoni nendege uye 250 miriyoni vafambi pagore pakutengesa, kuzorora, kutakura zvinhu uye nendege dzemauto.
Zviripo ndezvokuti nderimwe remabasa ane mutoro zvakanyanya chero munhu angaite, nekuchengetedzwa kwevatyairi zvichienderana nesarudzo yega yega. Kuti uve mutongi wendege (ATCo) unofanirwa kuve nekutarisa kwakanaka, kutaurirana kwekutaura kwakanaka, kugadzirisa matambudziko uye hunyanzvi hwekuita sarudzo uye kugona kuterera kune zvakadzama uye kushanda zvakanaka pasi pekumanikidzwa.
Nzira yekuve ATCo inosanganisira kudzidza kwakasimba; kutanga, vanodzidzira vanopedza gore kukoreji ine nyanzvi vachidzidza nezve dzidziso nekuita kwebasa racho. Mamodules anosanganisira mutemo wekufamba kwemhepo, kuchengetedzwa kwemhepo uye zvidzidzo zvemamiriro ekunze pamwe nemitemo yakaoma nemirairo yekudzora kufamba kwemhepo. Kana vapedza izvi, vadzidzisi vanogona kuzoshanda seimwe yemhando nhatu dzeATCo:
- Area controllers vanogara panzvimbo yedunhu rekutonga uye vanotarisa uye vanotungamira ndege dzinobhururuka munzvimbo dzakakwirira kuburikidza nenzvimbo yadzo chaiyo.
- Vatongi venzira vanopa mirairo kune ndege dzichangosimuka uye dzinozvigadzirisa pakusvika kwavo kunhandare yendege
- Vatongi veAerodrome vanoshanda kubva panhandare yekudzora yendege, vachitungamira vatyairi vendege kunzvimbo yavo yavakagoverwa uye nzira yekumhara uye nekupa kusimuka nekumhara.
Kune marudzi maviri enzvimbo yemhepo, inodzorwa uye isingadzoreki. Zvinoshamisa kuti ruzhinji harwudzoreki uye runoshandiswa nevatyairi vendege vanotandara uyewo dzimwe ndege dzehondo; zviri kuvatyairi vendege kuti vadzivise kubonderana. Air traffic control masevhisi anopihwa munzvimbo inodzorwa yemhepo uchishandisa radar uye mamwe masisitimu ekutarisa kuderedza kunonoka uye kuchengetedza ndege iri kure yakachengeteka kubva kune imwe neimwe.
Isati yasimuka, hurongwa hwekubhururuka kwendege yega yega hunoiswa nekutonga kwendege kuitira kuti wese ATCo anoona nezvekubhururuka kwacho azive nzira uye ruzivo rwekubhururuka. Panguva ino mutyairi wendege achange achitaurirana neATCo munhandare yekudzora nhandare yendege, uyo ane basa nazvo panguva ino uye anozopa mutyairi mvumo yekusimuka. Kana ndege yasimuka inotevedza nzira yeSID (Standard Instrument Departure). Izvi zvinotarisisa manejimendi emuchadenga, mitemo yekudzikisa ruzha uye kudzivirira zvipingaidzo.
Kana ndege yangosimuka, imwe ATCo inotora, kazhinji kubva kunzvimbo yekudzora, iyo inoteedzera rwendo rwayo kuburikidza nemhepo. Imwe neimwe ATCo ine nzvimbo yayo yemhepo, uye kana ndege ichinge yabva pairi, kugovera kunobatanidzwa neATCo inotarisira chikamu chinotevera. Kana nokuda kwechikonzero chipi nechipi panguva yekubhururuka ndege inofanira kutsauka kubva pane yakarongwa nzira yekubhururuka, zvichida nokuda kwemamiriro ekunze, ATCo inotarisira ichagadzirisa nzira yacho zvakananga, nzira iyo inozivikanwa sevectoring.
Munguva yekudzika, ndege inojoinha STAR (Standard Terminal Arrival Route) iyo inobata vese vanosvika nehunyanzvi hwekuita. ATCos vane basa rekuchengetedza kutaurirana nevatyairi vezvikepe nguva dzese, uye nekupa ruzivo rwakakosha senge shanduko yekukwirira, kukurumidza kugadzirisa, kusangana panhandare yendege, uye chero chinhu chinogona kukanganisa kumhara kwakachengeteka. Air traffic control inoshanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, zuva rega rega regore; hapana kana nguva iyo nzvimbo yemhepo inodzorwa isingatariswe.
Muchiitiko chekukurumidzira kwendege, basa reATCo rakakosha, kupa rubatsiro, kutungamira uye kurongeka kwezvirongwa zvenjodzi uye dzimwe mhinduro dzinodiwa. Vanobatsira vatyairi vendege nemaitirwo enjodzi, kuronga nzira dzekumhara kwenjodzi, kuronga kuchinjika kwendege kuenda kune dzimwe nhandare dzendege uye kuchengetedza nzira dzekutaura dzakavhurika. Vangangoda kupa ruzivo rwezvehutano hwevatakuri, kutadza kwendege, huwandu hwemafuta asara kana ndege ichifanira kutsauswa kupfuura nzira yekutanga nzira, pamwe nekuronga chero mhinduro pasi senge injini dzemoto kana maamburenzi.
Kushanda mukudzora traffic yemhepo ibasa rakasarudzika rine kudzidziswa kwakakura uye mutoro wakakura. Kuzorora kwenguva dzose kwakanyatso kurongwa mukati mekuchinja kuitira kuti kuisa pfungwa kurambe kwakanyatsonaka; chikamu chinokosha chebasa umo upenyu hunogona kuva mungozi.
Imhaka yehunyanzvi uye kugona kweATCos kuti, kusiyana nematanho emigwagwa, migwagwa mikuru yedenga inogara isina kuzara uye yakachengeteka sezvinobvira. Saka, paunenge uchidzika netaxi munzira uye uchigadzirira kusimuka pandege yako inotevera, unogona kuva nechivimbo chekuti vachange vachitungamira ndege yako mumhepo maira yega yega.
