Iyo yakareba uye yakasarudzika nhoroondo yeindasitiri yendege yakazadzwa nemiedzo yakawanda nematambudziko mukati memakore akaedza mabhizinesi kusvika kumiganhu yawo uye akashanda sechinhu chinokonzeresa shanduko.
Nyanzvi dzeindasitiri yendege dzakatarisa zviitiko zvishanu zvine chekuita nechikamu uye zvakachinja kubhururuka zvachose.
Tsaona yemhepo inonyanya kukosha pasi rose
Sezvineiwo, tsaona dzendege hadzina kunyanya kuitika uye kufamba nendege kunoramba kuri nzira yakachengeteka pasi rose yekufamba. Muchokwadi, maererano ne NTSB, mikana yekuve mundege yekutengeserana inobatanidzwa mutsaona inouraya inenge 1 mumamiriyoni e20, nepo mikana yekufa idiki 1 mu3.37 bhiriyoni.
Kusimbisa kwekuchengetedza muindasitiri yendege kwakakosha - vatyairi vendege, mainjiniya uye vanodzora kutyaira kwendege vese vane hunyanzvi uye vakazvipira kuita kuti vafambi varambe vakachengeteka.
Zvisinei, mumazuva okutanga okufamba nendege, kubhururuka kwendege pakwakanga kuchiri kutanga, kubondera kwainyanya kuitika. Muna 1908, kufa kwekutanga kwemutyairi wendege kwakanyorwa pakafa Lt. Thomas Selfridge mushure mekunge Wright Flyer, yaityairwa naOrville Wright, yakadonha panguva yekuedza ndege muVirginia, USA. Yakanga isiri kusvika 1919 apo ndege yekutanga yekutengesa, Caproni Ca.48, yakadonha muVerona ichiuraya munhu wese aivemo.
Muna 1977, tsaona yemhepo yakaipisisa pasi rose yakasiya nhaka inogara pamitemo yendege dzepasirese uye zvinodiwa.
Njodzi yenhandare yendege yeTenerife yakaitika apo ndege mbiri dzeBoeing 747 dzakadhumhana mumugwagwa weLos Rodeos Airport nekuuraya vanhu mazana mashanu nemakumi masere nevatatu. Ongororo yakaratidza kuti kaputeni weimwe yendege, yaishandiswa neKLM, akakanganisa kuyedza kusimuka apo ndege yePan Am yakanga ichiri kukwira tekisi munzira.
Njodzi iyi yakaratidza kukosha kwakakosha kwekushandisa mazwi akamisikidzwa kune ese maredhiyo kutaurirana kwete colloquialisms, senge 'OK', kusanganisira kuverenga kumashure kwezvikamu zvakakosha zvemurayiridzo kusimbisa kunzwisisana.
Kuunzwa kwebhajeti rendege uye zororo repakiti
Budget yekufamba nendege yakasandura indasitiri yendege uye yakonzera kuti vanhu vakawanda kupfuura nakare kose vakwanise kunakidzwa neruzivo rwekufamba mhiri kwemakungwa kunzvimbo dziri kure.
Mutakuri wekutanga wepasi-mutengo wepasi aive Southwest Airlines, iyo yakavambwa muna 1967 naHerb Kelleher naRollin King. Muna 1971, kambani yeTexas-based yakatanga kushanda se intrastate airline isati yatanga nharaunda yepakati penyika muna 1979. Bhizinesi rebhizimisi rakashandiswa neSouthwest rakagadzirisa nheyo dzevamwe vatakuri vasina-frills, kusanganisira EasyJet neRyanair.
Huzivi hwemaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero hwaive hwakavakirwa pamisimboti ina inotsigira bhajeti rebhizinesi rendege. Izvi zvinosanganisira kungobhururuka kwemhando imwe chete yendege, inotarisira kuderedza mari yekushanda gore negore, kutenderera ndege nokukurumidza sezvinobvira uye kuchengetedza zvinhu zviri nyore nekutengesa zvigaro pazvikepe chete, panzvimbo yekugadzira zvirongwa zvekuvimbika uye zvimwe zvinowedzera.
Kuputika kwemakomo uye British Airways Flight 009
Kuputika kweEyjafjallajökull muna 2010 kunogona kunge kuri chimwe chezviitiko zvichangoburwa zvemadota egomo rinokonzera kuti ndege dzimiswe, asi pamwe chinonyanya kuzivikanwa igore ra1982 remadota egomo rinobva kuMount Galunggung muJakarta. British Airways Flight 009 yakamanikidzwa kumhara nechimbichimbi mushure mekubhururuka nemugore regomo rinoputika, izvo zvakaita kuti injini dzayo dzose dziri ina dzigume.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanoongorora nezvemamiriro ekunze vanosiya chero chinhu chakaitika uye kuputika kweEyjafjallajökull kwa2010, kwakaonekwa sekuputika kwegasi rinoputika uye nekudaro kune njodzi, kwakaonekwa senjodzi huru kundege. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ndege dzese kuenda nekubva kuEurope uye nendege mukati mekondinendi dzakamiswa kwemazuva manomwe - kukanganisa kukuru kwekufamba nendege kubva Hondo Yenyika II. IATA inofungidzira kuti indasitiri yakarasikirwa nemadhora mazana maviri emamiriyoni pazuva rega rega nzvimbo yemhepo muEurope yakavharwa.
9/11
Kurwiswa kwehugandanga kwaSeptember 11 kuUS kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya indasitiri yendege, iyo yakagara ichizvikudza pamusoro pekuchengetedza uye kuchengetedzwa kwevafambi.
Mushure mekunge magandanga gumi nemapfumbamwe apamba ndege ina dzekutengesa muAmerica, vapambi - avo vaisanganisira vanhu vakadzidziswa kubhururuka kuti vatore uye vadzore ndege - vakarovera ndege idzi munzvimbo dzinozivikanwa dzeAmerica, kusanganisira World Trade Center muNew York City uye muzinda wemauto eAmerica. , Pentagon muVirginia.
Kurwiswa uku kwakatora hupenyu hwevanhu zviuru zviviri nemazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi manomwe nevanomwe uye kunoramba kuri kufa kwakanyanya pasi rose munhoroondo.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuchengetedzeka kwendege pasi rose kwakasimbiswa zvakanyanya pakutariswa kweairport uye kuchengetedzwa kwecockpit.
MuUS, zvanga zvabvira kurwiswa kusati kwaitika kuti chero munhu asina tikiti aperekedze mhuri neshamwari kuburikidza nechengetedzo kuenda kugedhi rekubuda. Izvi zvakabva zvachinjwa uye vafambi vane matikiti chete ndivo vanogona kupinda nekuchengetedza mukufamba.
Dzimwe ndege dzakanga dzabvumira vanhu kutakura mapanga maduku. Panyaya ye9/11, vatatu vevapambi vakamisa madhigirii esimbi panguva yekuongorora kuchengetedza. Pasinei nekuongororwa nedetector inobatwa nemaoko, vakabvumirwa kupinda. Footage yakazoratidza kuti vaive neaiita kunge mabhokisi ekucheka akachekwa muhomwe yavo yekumashure - chimwe chinhu chaibvumidzwa pane imwe ndege panguva iyoyo. Kubva ipapo, nhandare dzendege dzakawanda dzakaisa michina yekuvheneka muviri wose kuona zvombo zvakavanzwa nemabhomba nemamirimita chaiwo.
Macheki ekuzivikanwa akagadziridzwa zvakare uye vafambi vari kufamba nendege dzekumba vava kuda chimiro chechokwadi chemufananidzo ID kuti vafambe.
COVID-19 dambudziko
Denda richangoburwa reCCIDID-19 pasina mubvunzo rakakanganisa zvakanyanya indasitiri yezvendege. Kekutanga munhoroondo, ndege pasi rose dzakamiswa zvachose kwenguva yakareba isingaverengeki. Kurasikirwa kukuru kwakaitika kuchikamu chekutengesa ndege uye mazana evashandi akaitwa kushaya basa kana kubviswa.
Nepo kufamba nendege kuri kudzoka zvishoma nezvishoma kune pre-2019 mazinga, mhedzisiro yeindasitiri yekushambadzira ndege yakanzwika kure nekure nematambudziko mazhinji ari kutarisana nawo.
Nekudaro, hadzisi shanduko dzese dzave kukanganisa uye indasitiri, inochinjika sekare, yakagamuchira zvizere tekinoroji nyowani uye maficha kuita kuti rwendo rwevafambi ruwedzere kurongeka, kuchengeteka uye kunakidza. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa kuzivikanwa kwechiso pakuchengetedzeka uye tsika uye kushandisa maapplication, kwete kungotora matikiti asi kuti zvimwe zviitiko zvakawanda zvinosanganisira kutenga panhandare yendege uye varaidzo mundege.
ZVOKUBVA MUNYAYA INO:
- In fact, according to the NTSB, the chances of being on a commercial airline flight that is involved in a fatal accident is around 1 in 20 million, while the chances of dying are a tiny 1 in 3.
- After nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners in the US, the attackers – who included flight-trained individuals to take over and control the aircraft – crashed the planes into prominent American landmarks, including the World Trade Center in New York City and the American military's headquarters, the Pentagon in Virginia.
- Kurwiswa kwehugandanga kwaSeptember 11 kuUS kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya indasitiri yendege, iyo yakagara ichizvikudza pamusoro pekuchengetedza uye kuchengetedzwa kwevafambi.
